Deck 11: The Oldest Old and Caregiving

Question 1

_________ percent of the elderly 85 years and over live alone at home.

A) Less than 15
B) 25
C) 35
D) More than 50

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Compared to the less robustly aging,the robustly aging share all of the following characteristics EXCEPT

A) more social contact.
B) better health and vision.
C) fewer life events.
D) greater obesity.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The statistically typical caregiver of an elderly parent is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

A) a 46-year-old woman.
B) not employed outside the home.
C) spends 18 hours a week caring for her chronically ill parent.
D) the elderly parent is a mother 77 years of age who lives nearby.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is an instrumental activity of daily living?

A) grooming
B) eating
C) shopping
D) toileting

Question 5

The preferred living arrangement of elders is

A) independently.
B) with adult children.
C) an assisted living facility.
D) a nursing home.

Question 6

______ percent of the oldest old live in the household of an adult child or other person.

A) 5
B) 15
C) 25
D) 35

Question 7

The predominant lifestyle for women 75 and over is

A) single, never married.
B) married.
C) divorced.
D) widowed.

Question 8

Which of the following factors contribute to a weakened family support system,according to your text?

A) demography
B) women changing roles
C) changing intergenerational relationships
D) All of these choices

Question 9

Even though there is no clear-cut time at which gerontologists all agree one joins the oldest old,with increases in longevity,the term is most commonly referring to people age _______ and over.

A) 75
B) 80
C) 85
D) 90

Question 10

Research reveals that somewhere between _________,individuals become willing to describe themselves as "old," the spirit is willing but the body is unable to cooperate.

A) 50 and 60
B) 60 and 70
C) 70 and 80
D) 80 and 90

Question 11

Research indicates that for the oldest old,chronic diseases

A) are rare.
B) often do not create functional limitations.
C) keep almost all of them from living alone.
D) keep almost all of them from doing their own personal and household chores without help.

Question 12

Using a hypothetical story about a widowed mother,a classic study of three generations of women found

A) in general, respondents from each generation recommended that the widowed mother not move in with an adult child.
B) the oldest group of women was most in favor of sharing the household.
C) older parents judged both male and female family members acceptable to provide personal care, such as meal preparation, housework, and grocery shopping.
D) the oldest mothers in the study were least likely to expect caregiving from their middle-aged daughters.

Question 13

A study comparing middle-aged daughters with wives who cared for a frail elderly found

A) wives experienced a significantly greater increase in heart rates than did daughters.
B) wives experienced higher increases in blood pressure than did daughters.
C) daughters recorded significantly more distress in interpersonal interactions than did wives.
D) the physical cost to the wives was significantly greater overall than to the daughters.

Question 14

Which of the following activities is included in the Activities of Daily Living Index (ADL)?

A) bathing
B) preparing meals
C) using the telephone without help
D) doing own housework

Question 15

According to your text,not until elders reach age ____ are there more than 50 percent who cannot live independently if they had the resources to do so.

A) 75
B) 80
C) 85
D) 90

Question 16

______ of the oldest old need some help in doing personal activities of daily living,such as bathing,eating,dressing,toileting,and walking.

A) Less than half
B) Two-thirds
C) Three-fourths
D) Over 80 percent

Question 17

Among the oldest old,evaluations of life satisfaction seem to depend on

A) trust.
B) a sense of self-efficacy.
C) religion.
D) lack of worry.

Question 18

The general consensus is that physical losses in old age do not begin taking a heavy toll until after age

A) 75.
B) 80.
C) 85.
D) 90.

Question 19

Canadian researchers who studied the obligations adult children felt toward their disabled elderly parents concluded that

A) the large majority felt emotional support should be provided but they could not provide it.
B) a substantial majority felt physical assistance should be provided but they could not provide it.
C) the overwhelming majority of adult children felt that they had no obligation to help out financially.
D) adult children feel a strong moral obligation to provide care for their disabled parents.

Question 20

What motivates adult children to care for their aging parents?

A) guilt, affection, and gratitude
B) peer pressure
C) government regulations
D) All of these choices

Question 21

By 2050,the needs of individuals 75 and older will not place a demand on society.

Question 22

________ experience the greatest strain from caregiving to the elderly.

A) Wives
B) Husbands
C) Middle-age daughters
D) Middle-age sons

Question 23

Men 75 and older are more likely to be married than oldest old women.

Question 24

All of the following are psychosocial interventions for caretakers EXCEPT

A) individual counseling.
B) a vacation for the caregiver.
C) caregiver support groups.
D) social worker visits.

Question 25

According to your text,

A) businesses would run less efficiently if they accommodated needs of their employees to care for the elderly.
B) about one-fourth of U.S. businesses now have policies that assist employees who care for the elderly.
C) the cost of policies that help employees care for elderly family members is too exorbitant to make it cost effective for businesses.
D) growth in the labor force will come primarily from "women in the middle."

Question 26

Based on a study of 30 women caring for chronically ill parents,in comparison with care managers to parental care providers,the parental care providers

A) have more knowledge of available resources.
B) are more likely to provide stimulating activities.
C) are more strained.
D) have higher incomes.

Question 27

Time with pets has been shown to reduce loneliness in the elderly more if they are alone with the pet than if other people are present.

Question 28

Compared to elderly with adult children,the childless elderly

A) are less financially secure.
B) are in poorer health.
C) experience greater loneliness, isolation, and unhappiness.
D) follow the principle of substitution and turn to others for help.

Question 29

Paraprofessional home-care workers

A) are paid more than their counterparts in nursing homes and hospitals.
B) are at the lower end of the employment scale but have good prospects for advancement.
C) have a high turnover rate.
D) are generally well trained.

Question 30

The primary predictor of parent-care hours is

A) if the adult child is employed in the labor market.
B) if the adult child has children.
C) the presence of sisters.
D) the age of the adult child.

Question 31

The number of years of caregiving a married person with children might plan for is around 18 years for children and ______ for elderly parents.

A) 7
B) 10
C) 14
D) 20

Question 32

Robust longevity suggest that,as the old become very old,there will be a massive drain on the economy due to the need to care for the growing population of frail,disabled older people.

Question 33

The fastest growing segment of the older population is the 85 and older population).

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT one of the three most common stressors for those caring for a person with Alzheimer's disease?

A) memory defects of the infirmed
B) physical care requirements
C) the unrelenting decline of Alzheimers
D) the patient's loss of ability to communicate

Question 35

The Tax Reform Act of 1986 entitles workers who pay for the care of an elderly dependent to a maximum tax credit of ________ percent of care expenses per dependent.

A) 30
B) 50
C) 75
D) 100

Question 36

Of the following types of husband caregiving,in which type is the husband most likely to read everything he can about his ailing wives disease?

A) worker
B) labor of love
C) sense of duty
D) at the crossroads

Question 37

Which of the following most affects family caregiving?

A) marital status
B) being employed
C) living apart
D) ethnicity
E) All of these choices

Question 38

A research study reported that _______ of daughter caregivers felt they were not doing enough for their mothers.

A) 1/4
B) 1/3
C) 1/2
D) 3/4

Question 39

Respite care refers to

A) professional supervision of caregiving.
B) providing 24-hour caregiving.
C) time off for the caregiver.
D) family counseling.

Question 40

____ percent of all caregiving is provided by spouses.

A) 20
B) 30
C) 40
D) 50

Question 41

When asked the question,"If an old man has a medical bill of $1,000 that he cannot pay,his son or daughter is morally obligated to pay the debt," older generations were more likely to agree than younger generations.

Question 42

What problems confront elders who are caregivers to adult children and grandchildren?

Question 43

Most elderly live in separate households with little contact with their extended families.

Question 44

Coping techniques and abilities are the same for everyone.

Question 45

Research has found that American families generally work hard together to provide care for their relatives.

Question 46

How do the childless elderly cope with increasing frailty? How do their attitudes compare with those elderly who have adult children?

Question 47

. To qualify for the tax credit for care for an elderly dependent,the taxpayer must provide more than half of the needed support of the dependent.

Question 48

Why is parental caregiving so difficult for middle-age daughters?

Question 49

The three-generation family was more common in the 20ᵗʰ century than in the 1700s and 1800s.

Question 50

What policies,benefits,and services could businesses offer to help employees who are home caregivers for frail elderly?

Question 51

Why is caregiving difficult for spouses of frail elderly? What could help relieve the problems of wife and husband caregivers?

Question 52

A Canadian study showed that the majority of individuals believe adult children should provide emotional support to their parents.

Question 53

. Males are more likely than females to refer to caregiving of their spouse as emotional work.

Question 54

. Psychosocial interventions for caregivers are more effective than respite care.

Question 55

Is there or will there be a home care crisis in the United States? Give arguments pro and con.

Question 56

. The fastest growing segment of the long-term care industry is home health care workers.