Deck 9: Image Characteristics

Question 1

The amount of radiographic density can be measured using a:

A) silverometer
B) densitometer
C) sensitometer
D) thermometer

Answer 1

densitometer

Question 2

A film that is too light has:

A) too much density
B) too little density
C) too much black metallic silver
D) B and C

Answer 2

too little density

Question 3

For film-screen,geometric properties is the same as:

A) density
B) contrast
C) photographic properties
D) the accuracy of the recording of the structural lines

Answer 3

the accuracy of the recording of the structural lines

Question 4

What is the inverse of 20% transmittance?

A) 2
B) 5
C) 10
D) 20

Question 5

With film-screen,the overall blackness produced on the processed image is:

A) a geometric property
B) a photographic property
C) radiographic density
D) B and C

Question 6

Optical density is defined as the:

A) inverse of transmittance
B) log of transmittance
C) inverse of the log of transmittance
D) log of the inverse of transmittance

Question 7

The overall quality of the radiographic image is determined by:

A) photographic properties
B) visibility of recorded detail
C) geometric properties
D) all of the above

Question 8

If 1000 light photons enter the film and 500 exit,what is the optical density?

A) 0.02
B) 0.3
C) 2
D) 50

Question 9

Determination of whether a film has the right amount of density is first made by the:

A) patient
B) radiologist
C) supervisor
D) radiographer

Question 10

Film optical density is a number that represents a comparison of:

A) light entering an area on the film
B) light leaving an area on the film
C) the amount of energy needed to create the film image
D) A and B

Question 11

A film with too much density:

A) was exposed to too much light or radiation
B) has too much black metallic silver
C) will not make the anatomy visible
D) all of the above

Question 12

Every ______ change in optical density corresponds to an increase or decrease in percent of light transmitted by a factor of 2.

A) 0.2
B) 0.3
C) 2
D) 3

Question 13

If 1000 light photons enter a film and 200 photons exit the same area,the percent transmittance is:

A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 25%

Question 14

If 6000 light photons enter a film and 1500 photons exit the same area,the percent transmittance is:

A) 4%
B) 15%
C) 20%
D) 25%

Question 15

If it is decided that there is too much density on an image and that it must be repeated,decisions about how to correct the problem are made by the:

A) patient
B) radiologist
C) supervisor
D) radiographer

Question 16

Density on the film-screen image is due to small deposits of ___________ in the processed film.

A) black metallic lead
B) bright metallic gold
C) black metallic silver
D) black metallic tungsten

Question 17

If 10,000 light photons enter the film and only 10 exit,what is the optical density?

A) 0.0
B) 0.1
C) 2
D) 3

Question 18

For film-screen,the visibility of anatomic structures is the same as:

A) the sharpness of the structural lines
B) photographic properties
C) geometric properties
D) all of the above

Question 19

Visibility of the recorded detail is accomplished by balancing:

A) geometric properties
B) amount of density
C) level of contrast
D) B and C

Question 20

What is the inverse of 50% transmittance?

A) 2
B) 5
C) 20
D) 50

Question 21

The degree of difference between adjacent densities is:

A) density
B) detail
C) contrast
D) none of the above

Question 22

Reducing the number of x-ray photons reaching the image receptor (film-screen)results in an image with:

A) a decreased percent of transmittance
B) an increased percent of transmittance
C) a higher optical density
D) none of the above

Question 23

Increasing the energy of the photons in the x-ray beam results in an image with:

A) increased optical density
B) decreased optical density
C) increased percent of transmittance
D) A and C

Question 24

A radiograph with low radiographic contrast:

A) has very few densities
B) has very similar densities
C) has short-scale contrast
D) none of the above

Question 25

Subject contrast includes the:

A) quality of the x-ray beam
B) absorption characteristics of the anatomy being imaged
C) characteristics of the film
D) A and B

Question 26

If there were no contrast in a radiograph,the image would include:

A) only the same shade of gray
B) black and white
C) light gray and dark gray
D) black and light gray

Question 27

Which of the following affect radiographic contrast?

A) energy of the x-ray beam
B) anatomy being imaged
C) characteristics of the film
D) all of the above

Question 28

When different tissues in the area being imaged have different absorption characteristics:

A) there will not be any radiographic contrast
B) there will be radiographic contrast
C) there will not be any radiographic density
D) B and C

Question 29

When two images are compared and film 1 has 1.3 OD and film 2 has 1.6 OD:

A) film 2 is 30% lighter than film 1
B) film 2 is 30% darker than film 1
C) film 2 is two times lighter than film 1
D) film 2 is two times darker than film 1

Question 30

A radiograph that has densities that are very different from each other:

A) has high contrast
B) has low contrast
C) has long-scale contrast
D) B and C

Question 31

With film-screen imaging,the optical densities:

A) can be altered only after processing using the computer
B) cannot be altered after processing
C) can be altered only once after processing;after that,they are permanent
D) can only be increased after processing

Question 32

Appropriate radiographic densities:

A) produce sharper structural lines in the image
B) improve the geometric properties of the image
C) allow visibility of anatomic structures
D) A and C

Question 33

A radiograph that has densities that are very similar to each other:

A) has high contrast
B) has low contrast
C) has long-scale contrast
D) B and C

Question 34

Film is able to produce optical densities between:

A) 0.0 and 2 OD
B) 0.0 and 3 OD
C) 0.0 and 4 OD
D) 0.0 and 5 OD

Question 35

Increasing exposure intensity results in:

A) more black metallic silver
B) less black metallic silver
C) less optical density
D) B and C

Question 36

The diagnostic range of optical densities for general radiography typically falls between:

A) 0.0 and 1 OD
B) 0.2 and 3 OD
C) 0.5 and 2 OD
D) 0.5 and 3 OD

Question 37

Differential absorption allows different tissues to be seen in the radiographic image through radiographic:

A) density
B) contrast
C) detail
D) all of the above

Question 38

Having less black metallic silver present in the image results in:

A) less radiographic density
B) lower optical density
C) A and B
D) none of the above

Question 39

Radiographic contrast:

A) produces sharper structural lines in the image
B) improves the geometric properties of the image
C) allows visibility of anatomic structures
D) A and C

Question 40

The range of densities visible defines:

A) density
B) high contrast
C) short-scale contrast
D) scale of contrast

Question 41

When the actual exposure doubles (for example from 10 mAs to 20 mAs),the log relative exposure increases by:

A) 0.2
B) 0.3
C) 2
D) 3

Question 42

To produce the sensitometric curve,the various densities from the sensitometric strip are measured with a:

A) sensitometer
B) densitometer
C) penetrometer
D) exposurometer

Question 43

The object with varying thicknesses is a:

A) sensitometer
B) densitometer
C) penetrometer
D) aluminometer

Question 44

On the sensitometric curve,optical densities are measured on the _________ and the intensity of radiation on the ______________.

A) top;bottom
B) bottom;top
C) x-axis;y-axis
D) y-axis;x-axis

Question 45

Sensitometry is used to evaluate:

A) beam quality
B) film characteristics
C) chemical processing performance
D) B and C

Question 46

A low-kVp x-ray image of the chest results in a film image with:

A) short-scale contrast
B) long-scale contrast
C) few but very different densities
D) A and C

Question 47

The sensitometer:

A) must be exposed to x-rays
B) produces step-wedge densities
C) measures the sensitivity of the film
D) A and B

Question 48

An area of anatomy that has high subject contrast is the:

A) abdomen
B) femur
C) breast
D) none of the above

Question 49

The area of the sensitometric curve where changes in exposure have no affect on the optical density is the:

A) base plus fog (B + F)
B) shoulder region
C) toe region
D) straight-line region

Question 50

The area of the sensitometric curve where the most useful range of densities is found is the:

A) base plus fog (B + F)
B) shoulder region
C) toe region
D) straight-line region

Question 51

The area of the sensitometric curve representing the lowest densities is the:

A) base plus fog (B + F)
B) shoulder region
C) toe region
D) straight-line region

Question 52

A radiograph of a penetrometer looks like:

A) a single shade of gray
B) a variety of gray levels going from dark to light
C) step-wedge densities
D) B and C

Question 53

Which of the following is (are)needed for sensitometry?

A) film-screen system
B) x-ray exposure
C) an object with a variety of thicknesses
D) all of the above

Question 54

The intensity of exposure is measured in:

A) mAs
B) mR
C) log relative exposure
D) kVp

Question 55

Using a high-kVp x-ray beam results in:

A) increased transmission
B) increased absorption
C) higher energy x-ray photons
D) A and C

Question 56

The study of the relationship between the intensity of radiation a film is exposed to and the resulting density is:

A) filmometry
B) densitometry
C) sensitometry
D) expousurometry

Question 57

Which of the following will not affect radiographic contrast?

A) using the appropriate quantity of radiation
B) changing the quality of radiation
C) issues with the chemical processing solutions
D) using a very low kVp

Question 58

An area of anatomy that has low subject contrast is the:

A) chest
B) breast
C) elbow
D) knee

Question 59

Using a high-kVp beam results in a film image with:

A) high contrast
B) low contrast
C) very different densities
D) none of the above

Question 60

The lowest amount of optical density found on the sensitometric curve is the:

A) base plus fog (B + F)
B) shoulder region
C) toe region
D) straight-line region

Question 61

The steeper the slope of the curve's straight-line region:

A) the faster the film speed
B) the slower the film speed
C) the higher the film contrast
D) the lower the film contrast

Question 62

If the B + F is 0.15 OD,the log RE₁ is 0.75,and the log RE₂ is 1.33,what is the average gradient?

A) 1.32
B) 2.33
C) 2.76
D) 3.02

Question 63

Using the same exposure,as the speed of the film increases the resulting optical density:

A) increases
B) decreases
C) stays the same
D) doubles

Question 64

A film's sensitivity to exposure describes its:

A) exposure latitude
B) speed
C) film contrast
D) speed point

Question 65

When comparing two curves on the same graph,the curve closest to the y-axis:

A) has higher contrast
B) has lower contrast
C) is faster
D) is slower

Question 66

The difference in optical density between two points along the curve is:

A) exposure latitude
B) speed
C) film contrast
D) speed point

Question 67

Most radiographic film has an average gradient between:

A) 1 and 2
B) 2.5 and 3.5
C) 4 and 5
D) 5.5 and 6.5

Question 68

The lower the speed exposure point:

A) the greater the film contrast
B) the less the film contrast
C) the faster the film speed
D) the slower the film speed

Question 69

The average gradient is used to determine the film's:

A) speed
B) exposure
C) contrast
D) optical density

Question 70

Low-contrast film:

A) has a wide latitude
B) has a narrow latitude
C) has a steep slope
D) produces an image that is more black and white

Question 71

Base plus fog represents density present on the film caused by:

A) remnant radiation
B) tint in the base of the film
C) fog due to the chemical processing
D) B and C

Question 72

Additional exposure after the curve reaches Dmₐₓ results in:

A) higher contrast
B) lower contrast
C) increased density
D) decreased density

Question 73

The location on the curve that corresponds to the OD of 1 plus B + F is the:

A) exposure latitude
B) speed
C) film contrast
D) speed point

Question 74

The average gradient is typically calculated between:

A) 0 and 4 OD
B) 0.25 and 2 OD
C) 0 and 4 plus B + F OD
D) 0.25 and 2 plus B + F OD

Question 75

The point on the x-axis that produces the OD of 1 plus B + F is the:

A) speed point
B) speed exposure point
C) average gradient
D) none of the above

Question 76

The range of exposures that produce densities in the straight-line portion of the curve is:

A) exposure latitude
B) speed
C) film contrast
D) speed point

Question 77

When comparing two curves on the same graph,the curve with the steeper slope:

A) has higher contrast
B) has lower contrast
C) is faster
D) is slower

Question 78

The film characteristic that is represented by the slope of the curve is the:

A) exposure latitude
B) speed
C) film contrast
D) speed point

Question 79

The lower the film's average gradient:

A) the faster the film speed
B) the slower the film speed
C) the higher the film contrast
D) the lower the film contrast

Question 80

Dmₐₓ is the point on the curve where the optical density is the:

A) least
B) highest
C) mid-range
D) none of the above