Deck 26: Alliances, War, and a Troubled Peace

Question 1

The battle casualties of World War I on all sides came to about ________.

A)10 million dead and 15 million wounded
B)15 million dead and 10 million wounded
C)10 million dead and 20 million wounded
D)20 million dead and 15 million wounded

Answer 1

10 million dead and 20 million wounded

Question 2

A Greek invasion of the Turkish homeland provoked a nationalist reaction,bringing the young general Mustafa Kemal,or the ________,to power.

A)"Prince of Nationalism"
B)"General of Freedom"
C)"Protector of the People"
D)"Father of the Turks"

Answer 2

"Father of the Turks"

Question 3

Mainly due to the British forces,by October 30,1918,________ was out of the war.

A)Palestine
B)Turkey
C)Iraq
D)Iran

Answer 3

Turkey

Question 4

The civil war between the Red Russians and White Russians ended in ________.

A)1921,when the Red Army finally overcame the domestic opposition
B)March 1918,with the acceptance of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
C)December 1917,when Russia signed an armistice with Germany
D)1921,when the Red Russians conceded defeat and signed a peace treaty with the White Russians

Question 5

Colonel T.E.Lawrence played a key role in the war in ________.

A)the Middle East
B)France
C)West Africa
D)Greece

Question 6

According to the Schlieffen Plan of 1905,which of the following was supposed to happen?

A)German troops would move west quickly to defeat France and then move to the eastern front.
B)French troops would move to conquer German troops and then move east to assist the Russians.
C)German troops would move east to defeat France and then move to the Russian front.
D)French troops would move to conquer German troops and then move west to assist the Russians.

Question 7

The peace treaty signed in Paris in 1920 between Turkey and the Allies dismembered ________.

A)the Ottoman Empire
B)the Byzantine Empire
C)the Austro-Hungarian Empire
D)Italy

Question 8

The first power to mobilize against Russia in 1914 was ________.

A)Austria
B)France
C)Germany
D)Serbia

Question 9

William II wanted ________.

A)to forge alliances with Russia and France
B)to become more isolated
C)a navy and colonies like Britain's
D)to expand the German Empire by gaining territory

Question 10

The Big Four were ________.

A)the United States,Britain,France,and Italy
B)the United States,Britain,Germany,and Japan
C)the United States,Russia,France,and Germany
D)the United States,Japan,France,and Italy

Question 11

In the peace talks that ended World War I,Germany ________.

A)was forced to accept terms dictated by the victors
B)negotiated a few minor concessions
C)negotiated several major concessions
D)retained the right to station troops west of the Rhine River

Question 12

In March 1918,the last German offensive was stopped at ________.

A)Lorraine
B)Normandy
C)the Marne
D)Alsace

Question 13

Which of the following was one of the demands made by Austria-Hungary to Serbia after the assassination of the Archduke Ferdinand?

A)the formation of a military alliance with Austria-Hungary
B)the elimination of anti-Austro-Hungarian materials in Serbian schools
C)the suppression of Allied propaganda
D)annexation into the Dual Monarchy

Question 14

The Second Morocco Crisis brought Britain closer to ________.

A)Belgium
B)Russia
C)France
D)Italy

Question 15

The British introduced the use of ________ in World War I.

A)poison gas
B)the tank
C)trench warfare
D)submarine warfare

Question 16

Leon Trotsky's military forces were opposed by the ________.

A)Red Army
B)Cheka
C)Black Russians
D)White Russians

Question 17

Who was Rasputin?

A)the tsar
B)a Russian nobleman who helped the tsar abdicate
C)a faith healer who advised the tsar
D)an aide to V.I.Lenin

Question 18

The Triple Alliance forged by Bismarck consisted of ________.

A)Germany,Austria,and Italy
B)Germany,France,and Britain
C)Italy,Germany,and Spain
D)Austria,Germany,and Poland

Question 19

Which nation had the largest number of soldiers potentially available in World War I?

A)Great Britain
B)the United States
C)Russia
D)Germany

Question 20

At the Congress of Berlin in 1878,________.

A)Germany claimed a new role on the world stage
B)Russia was permitted to occupy Constantinople
C)Bosnia-Herzegovina became an independent state
D)the Ottoman Empire was dismembered

Question 21

Germany and Austria made a secret treaty in 1879 in which they agreed they would ________.

A)remain neutral in each other's affairs
B)not attack each other
C)provide military assistance to each other if Russia attacked either of them
D)provide military assistance to each other if any country attacked them

Question 22

Following the tsar's abdication,Russia's parliament ________.

A)formed a provisional government with Western sympathies
B)dissolved
C)formed a provisional government with socialist leanings
D)formed a provisional government with German sympathies

Question 23

Mandates established in the former Ottoman Empire were administered by ________.

A)France and Britain
B)Italy and Britain
C)Russia,France,and Britain
D)the United States,France,and Britain

Question 24

Rivalry in the Balkans became an international conflict when ________.

A)Germany attempted to annex Bosnia and Herzegovina
B)Slavs in Bosnia and Herzegovina revolted against Turkish rule
C)Serbia and Montenegro assisted the Slavs in the revolt against Turkish rule
D)Russia became involved in the Slav revolt against Turkish rule

Question 25

The Pan-Slavic movement sought to ________.

A)unite all Slavs under the protection of Russia
B)gain independence for Bosnia and Herzegovina
C)gain independence for Serbia and Montenegro
D)unite all Slavs in an independent state

Question 26

Which phrase best characterizes Bismarck's view of Germany's relationship with France during the early 1870s?

A)mutually beneficial
B)damage control
C)friendly
D)openly antagonistic

Question 27

Initially,the Soviets ________.

A)supported the provisional government
B)plotted to overthrow the provisional government
C)allowed the provisional government to function without actually supporting it
D)believed they could persuade the provisional government to accept its demands

Question 28

What countries were expected to be barriers to the westward expansion of Russian communism?

A)Turkey,Iraq,Lebanon,and Palestine
B)Turkey,Iraq,and Yugoslavia
C)Poland,Romania,Yugoslavia,the Baltic states,and Czechoslovakia
D)Poland,Romania,Turkey,and Iraq

Question 29

During the last three decades of the nineteenth century,________ chose to be isolated,but ________ was intentionally isolated by other European powers.

A)Britain;Russia
B)Germany: France
C)France;Russia
D)Britain;France

Question 30

The Balkan crises threatened what two empires?

A)Austrian and Ottoman
B)Russian and Austrian
C)British and Ottoman
D)French and British

Question 31

Most of Poland was carved out of the former ________.

A)Austro-Hungarian Empire
B)Russian Empire
C)Ottoman Empire
D)German Empire

Question 32

What motivated Russia and France to form an alliance?

A)Germany had been too successful in isolating both countries diplomatically.
B)Russia wanted to strengthen its political power so it could attack Germany,and France wanted to weaken Germany's influence so it could form alliances with other countries.
C)Russia wanted the troops France could supply,and France wanted the security against Germany Russia could provide.
D)Each country feared the other would form an alliance with Germany.

Question 33

At the Versailles peace talks,Germany signed a treaty ________.

A)accepting blame for World War I
B)dividing the country into two separate nations: East Germany and West Germany
C)requiring Germany to weaken itself militarily
D)requiring Germany to join the League of Nations

Question 34

The formation of the Triple Entente is best seen in light of the ________.

A)alliance between France and Russia
B)German alliance with Russia
C)creation of the Triple Alliance
D)end of the Habsburg Empire

Question 35

Germany's real goal in fomenting the First Moroccan Crisis was _________.

A)gaining a Mediterranean port
B)testing out new military technology
C)reconciling differences with France
D)testing international relations

Question 36

Which of the following events are in the correct chronological order?

A)Russo-Japanese War,Congress of Berlin,Russo-Turkish War,and First and Second Balkan Wars
B)Congress of Berlin,Russo-Japanese War,Russo-Turkish War,and First and Second Balkan Wars
C)Russo-Turkish War,Russo-Japanese War,Congress of Berlin,and First and Second Balkan Wars
D)Russo-Turkish War,Congress of Berlin,Russo-Japanese War,and First and Second Balkan Wars

Question 37

World War I ________.

A)did little to eliminate colonialism
B)brought about the rapid elimination of colonialism
C)led the United States to seek new colonies
D)led to a prohibition on the creation of new colonies by European nations

Question 38

A main reason for popular discontent with the Russian provisional government in 1917-1918 was ________.

A)Kerensky's decision not to aggressively continue the war
B)the resistance of embittered monarchists to a socialist premier
C)widespread demands for the Bolsheviks to lead the country
D)continuing shortages of food

Question 39

Why did the United States enter World War I in 1917?

A)The Germans attacked CubA.
B)The Germans started sinking U.S.ships again.
C)The Germans bombed Rhode Island.
D)The Germans sank the Lusitania.

Question 40

The diplomatic policies of General Leo von Caprivi and William II resulted in ________.

A)Germany becoming an enemy of Britain
B)Germany and Britain drawing closer
C)Germany and France drawing closer
D)Germany becoming isolated from the rest of Europe

Question 41

The success of the Bolshevik coup of November 6 was surprising,given the group's _________.

A)small size
B)association with the tsarist government
C)criminal status
D)decline in the early 1910s

Question 42

The covenant of the League of Nations sought to establish ________.

A)one world government
B)the elimination of barriers to free trade
C)international bans on the production of machine guns,tanks,and submarines
D)a system for resolving international conflicts

Question 43

The Ludendorff offensive is best characterized as a __________.

A)desperate risk
B)reasonable strategy
C)long-established plan
D)necessity

Question 44

Any kind of ________ was generally understood to be equivalent to an act of war.

Question 45

General Leo von Caprivi's and William II's new alliance system ________ the risk of war.

Question 46

World War I had what impact on colonization?

A)It led directly to decolonization.
B)It completed the process of decolonization.
C)It initiated new attitudes that would eventually bring about decolonization.
D)It confirmed ties between colonies and colonizers.

Question 47

The Germans controlled Eastern Europe and its resources,especially food,and by 1918 were free to concentrate their forces on the western front.These developments would probably have been decisive without ________.

A)the Italian allies' support
B)American intervention
C)British invasion in northern France
D)widespread mutinies in the German ranks

Question 48

The March Revolution in Russia,compared to that of November of the same year,was __________.

A)spontaneous
B)bloody
C)wider in scope
D)more influenced by Marxist rhetoric

Question 49

What best characterizes the Serbian reply to Austria-Hungary's demands?

A)conciliatory
B)militaristic
C)jingoistic
D)mobilization

Question 50

Bolshevik Russia agreed to the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk,under which they ________.

A)gained the Baltic States
B)received large amounts of money for reparations
C)agreed to end the civil war
D)yielded Finland,Poland,and Ukraine to Germany

Question 51

The German strategy of fomenting trouble in Russia by returning Lenin from exile can be considered ________.

A)partially successful
B)entirely successful
C)a complete failure
D)a partial failure

Question 52

In 1911,Germany responded to a French intervention in Morocco by sending a warship,the Panther,to the Moroccan port of ________.

Question 53

Which of the following eventually brought about the end of the Ottoman Empire?

A)its neutrality at the outbreak of World War I
B)its decision to enter the war on the side of Germany in 1914
C)its decision to enter the war on the side of the Allies in 1914
D)its refusal to participate in the peace settlement in Paris

Question 54

Which of the following disputes Keynes's criticism of the Treaty of Versailles?

A)The Germans recovered prosperity following the peace treaty.
B)The Germans' plans for a European settlement would have been much harsher than the Treaty of Versailles.
C)The Allies were unanimous in determining the terms of the treaty.
D)The Arab world maintained a stable,if shaky,peace.

Question 55

The Mensheviks eventually rejected the Russian provisional government because it ________.

A)failed to formalize a permanent government
B)ordered the army to fire on demonstrators
C)failed to control the army and purge reactionaries from the government
D)banned worker collectives,or councils

Question 56

William II believed that dismissing Bismarck in 1890 would help him secure Germany's deserved "place in the ________."

Question 57

The exclusion of the native colonial leaders of Africa and Asia in the peace settlement discussions strengthened ________.

A)anticolonialism
B)dependence on European powers
C)European colonial powers
D)international relations

Question 58

The one real strength of the League of Nations was that __________.

A)it had both persuasive and coercive powers
B)there was a consensus about its principles
C)it included all European nations and the U.S.
D)it was opposed to colonialism

Question 59

Why did the Bolsheviks oppose World War I?

A)They believed it benefited only capitalism.
B)They considered it an obstacle to their revolutionary ambitions.
C)They considered military aggression antithetical to socialist beliefs.
D)They feared a Germany victory.

Question 60

If Germany had not invaded ________,British public opinion might have continued to favor neutrality.

Question 61

Refer to the passage "War Propaganda and the Movies: Charlie Chaplin." Why was propaganda used in World War I? Who were the targets of propaganda? What were the advantages of using movies in the war effort?

Question 62

Woodrow Wilson called America's war aims the ________.

Question 63

Why did Bethmann-Hollweg decide to lead Germany into war in 1914? Analyze how specific crises and events in the years leading up to the war shaped German decision-making.How much of the decision to go to war was the result of earlier German preparations for war?

Question 64

The tsar and his family were murdered by ________.

Question 65

The collapse of Russia and the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk were the zenith of ________ success.

Question 66

How did the Versailles peace treaties set the basis for future conflicts in both Europe and the colonial world? Constructively critique the Treaty of Versailles.If the treaty had been written differently,do you think World War II could have been avoided? Explain.

Question 67

The pro-German ________ overthrew the Ottoman government and had control of the government in 1909.

Question 68

The Red Army was led by ________.

Question 69

The notion of "a peace without ________" became a mockery when the Soviet Union and Germany were excluded from the peace conference.

Question 70

The Russian Socialist parties organized workers into ________,or councils.

Question 71

Why were the opposing forces of World War I locked in a virtual stalemate until 1917? What broke the stalemate?

Question 72

Weigh the internal and external factors that led to the end of the Ottoman Empire.Which were ultimately the more important?

Question 73

What was Bismarck's plan for ensuring German power and security on the European continent? How did world events and German actions after 1900 upend the European equilibrium that Bismarck had tried to maintain?

Question 74

The Kingdom of Serbs,Croats,and Slovenes was also known as ________.

Question 75

How did the peace settlement after World War I address the underlying causes of the war? Examine both the causes of the war and their corresponding solutions,and assess the likelihood of the solutions succeeding or failing.

Question 76

The two countries that became administrators of mandates carved out of the former Ottoman Empire were ________.

Question 77

What role did the formation of alliances play in the cause of World War I? How do you think World War I would have differed if the alliance system were not in play? Explain.

Question 78

What were the most important factors that enabled the Bolsheviks to seize power? In your opinion,could power have been attained in a different,perhaps more peaceful,manner? Why or why not? Explain.

Question 79

The disintegration of the German army forced ________ to abdicate on November 9,1918.

Question 80

Discuss the factors that led to the collapse of the Central Powers and the Allied victory in World War I.Which factor was to prove to be most decisive in the Allied victory?