Deck 3: Radiographic Image Formation

Question 1

When the entering x-ray photon loses energy and changes its path of travel as a result of interacting with an atom, the interaction is known as the:

A) compensating effect.
B) photoelectric interaction.
C) characteristic effect.
D) Compton effect.

Answer 1

Compton effect.

Question 2

The photoelectric effect involves the removal (ejection) of an electron. This process of removing an electron from an atom is known as:

A) attenuation.
B) transmission.
C) ionization.
D) differential absorption.

Answer 2

ionization.

Question 3

More than 15% of the primary x-ray beam actually reaches the image receptor.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Interactions of low energy x-rays (energies below the diagnostic range) with tissue include:

A) pair production.
B) coherent scattering.
C) photodisintegration.
D) a and c

Question 5

The outer shell electron that is ejected during the Compton interaction is also known as a:

A) photoelectron.
B) secondary electron.
C) Compton electron.
D) b and c

Question 6

The Compton interaction can occur within all diagnostic x-ray energies.

Question 7

The photoelectric effect is dependent on both the energy of the x-ray photon and the composition of the anatomic tissue.

Question 8

Compton interactions are more likely to occur in soft tissue as compared to bone.

Question 9

When the x-ray photon strikes an atom within the tissue being imaged and loses only part of its energy to an outer shell electron of that atom, the photon is said to have been _____ and undergone the _____.

A) transmitted, coherent effect
B) absorbed, photoelectric interaction
C) attenuated, photoelectric interaction
D) scattered, Compton interaction

Question 10

Interactions of high energy x-rays (energies beyond the diagnostic range) with tissue include:

A) pair production.
B) coherent scattering.
C) photodisintegration.
D) a and c

Question 11

_____ is the loss of some of the energy from the x-ray beam as it passes through the tissue being imaged.

A) Compensating filtration
B) Attenuation
C) Photon transmission
D) Photoelectric scattering

Question 12

The _____ image occurs first on the image receptor, and the _____ image occurs following proper image development/processing.

A) manifest, latent
B) invisible, latent
C) visible, manifest
D) latent, manifest

Question 13

The interaction between x-ray photons and tissue that results in the production of a secondary x-ray photon is the:

A) coherent interaction.
B) Compton interaction.
C) photoelectric interaction.
D) characteristic interaction.

Question 14

When the x-ray photon travels completely through the part, that activity is called:

A) acceleration.
B) penetration.
C) transmission.
D) absorption.

Question 15

Unwanted density on the radiograph due to scatter radiation is called:

A) latent.
B) manifest.
C) fog.
D) backscatter.

Question 16

The x-ray beam that leaves the patient in the direction of the image receptor is often referred to as:

A) primary radiation.
B) exit radiation.
C) absorbed radiation.
D) scattered radiation.

Question 17

_____ results in the process of image formation, whereby the x-ray beam interacts with the anatomic tissue and a portion of the beam strikes the image receptor.

A) Transference
B) Differential absorption
C) Molecular modeling
D) Compensating filtration

Question 18

At higher kilovoltage, _____ photon interactions occur, resulting in _____ transmission.

A) more, increased
B) more, less
C) fewer, increased
D) fewer, less

Question 19

When the x-ray photon strikes an atom within the tissue being imaged and loses all of its energy to an inner shell electron of that atom, the photon is said to have been _____ and undergone the _____.

A) transmitted, Compton effect
B) absorbed, photoelectric interaction
C) attenuated, Compton effect
D) scattered, coherent interaction

Question 20

The x-ray photon that is scattered as a result of the Compton effect CANNOT:

A) be absorbed in the tissue, resulting in additional patient exposure.
B) strike the image receptor, resulting in useful anatomic information.
C) strike the image receptor, resulting in additional density but no useful information.
D) exit the patient, exposing persons near the patient.

Question 21

As compared to the image at the input phosphor, the image at the output phosphor of the image intensifier is:

A) brighter and smaller.
B) dimmer and smaller.
C) brighter and larger.
D) dimmer and larger.

Question 22

The digital radiographic system that uses a cassette is:

A) DR.
B) CT.
C) CS.
D) CR.

Question 23

During image intensification, the electrons are focused by the:

A) input phosphor.
B) output phosphor.
C) electrostatic lenses.
D) TV monitor.

Question 24

Imaging of the movement of internal structures is known as:

A) image intensification.
B) digital imaging.
C) the photoelectric effect.
D) fluoroscopy.

Question 25

In the image intensifier, the light intensities created by the input phosphor are converted to electrons by the:

A) output phosphor.
B) electrostatic lenses.
C) TV monitor.
D) photocathode.

Question 26

The product of flux gain and minification gain, producing a brighter image at the output phosphor, is:

A) magnification gain.
B) image gain.
C) brightness gain.
D) output phosphor gain.