Deck 3: The Greeks: From Myth to Reason

Question 1

The earliest Ionian philosophy

A) was associated with the priesthood.
B) originated in Mesopotamia.
C) began with Thales.
D) still maintained that the gods were the origin of nature.
E) began with the Sophists.

Answer 1

began with Thales.

Question 2

Homer's major epic poems were

A) the Iliad and the Odyssey.
B) Lysistrata and The Frogs.
C) Antigone and The Bacchae.
D) The Symposium and The Republic.
E) Antigone and Oresteia.

Answer 2

the Iliad and the Odyssey.

Question 3

After the Persian Wars, more than 150 city-states organized a confederation known as the ____ to protect themselves against a renewed confrontation with Persia.

A) Spartan League
B) Delian League
C) Hellenic League
D) Peloponnesian League
E) Periclian League

Answer 3

Delian League

Question 4

Of the following, the pair that is least well matched is

A) Homer and the Iliad.
B) Solon and a Spartan military leader.
C) Draco and law codes.
D) Pisistratus and tyranny.
E) Athens and Democracy.

Question 5

The first Persian invasion of Greece was brought on by

A) Persian King Darius' hatred of Greek culture.
B) Spartan raids on Persian dependencies in Phoenicia.
C) an invitation from the Spartans to the Persians to intervene in their war with Athens.
D) Athenian support for a Greek rebellion in Asia Minor.
E) Ionian revolt against Athens.

Question 6

Homer lived during

A) the Persian Wars.
B) after the Dark Ages.
C) age of Pericles.
D) Peloponnesian War.
E) during the Dark Ages.

Question 7

The early inhabitants of the area around Sparta

A) assimilated with their conquerors.
B) moved to Miletus.
C) became known as helots.
D) were trained as slave-mercenaries.
E) became the perioikoi.

Question 8

Athenian democracy achieved its height in the middle of the fifth century B.C. under the leadership of which of the following?

A) Pericles
B) Sophocles
C) Agamemnon
D) Euripides
E) Thucydides

Question 9

Which of the following states emerged as a first-rate power in the fourth century B.C.?

A) Sparta
B) Syracuse
C) Macedonia
D) Thebes
E) Athens

Question 10

Mount Olympus was famous as

A) the religious center of the Greeks.
B) the area where the gods fought for supremacy.
C) a shrine for those who fell in the Peloponnesian War.
D) Agamemnon's home.
E) the home of the Greek gods.

Question 11

The Peloponnesian War was

A) the Persian invasion of Greece just after 500 B.C.
B) between Sparta and their allies versus Athens and their allies.
C) the war between Thebes and Sparta.
D) the Macedonian invasion of southern Greece.
E) the war between the Greeks and the Persians.

Question 12

The reputation of Cleisthenes rests upon his work as

A) a demagogue who rallied Athens against the Spartans.
B) the father of Athenian democracy.
C) the oracle at Delphi.
D) compiler of medical texts.
E) a tyrant.

Question 13

Political freedom according to Athenians would result in

A) participating in civic affairs.
B) loyalty to the clan.
C) harmony of physical and mental attributes.
D) the full development and enrichment of the human personality.
E) preserving the independence of the fatherland.

Question 14

The Greek term aretē means

A) a theory of the absolutist state.
B) the notion that laws had divine sanction.
C) the recognition that political power and morality could be separated.
D) excellence.
E) wicked arrogance.

Question 15

The activities of Heinrich Schliemann resulted in

A) the discovery of the Mycenaean civilization.
B) the earliest translations of Homeric works.
C) excavations on the island of Attica.
D) an understanding of the route of the Dorian invasions.
E) the discovery of the Dorian civilization.

Question 16

A Greek contribution to Western civilization was

A) the application of reason to the understanding of the meaning of life.
B) Hellenistic foreign policy.
C) the principle of women's rights.
D) the union of religion and politics from which Greek ethics is derived.
E) ethical monotheism.

Question 17

In the fifth century B.C., the Greeks viewed their ____ as the only avenue to the good life.

A) polis
B) acropolis
C) agora
D) temple
E) religion

Question 18

During the era of the Delian League

A) Athens dominated other Greek states.
B) states could withdraw from the League only after they paid a crushing fine.
C) monies from the League treasury were distributed according to estimated populations of each member state.
D) admiration for Athenian leadership among the Greeks increased.
E) Athenians saw a contradiction between democracy and imperialism.

Question 19

The Athenian statesman Solon aimed to

A) restore aristocracy.
B) concentrate wealth in the hands of a few to facilitate tax collection.
C) instill in Athenians of all classes a sense of working for the common good of the city.
D) establish order in Athens with a law code mandating very harsh punishments.
E) give to peasants land confiscated from exiled aristocrats.

Question 20

Helots were

A) agricultural slaves of the Spartans.
B) Athenian light infantry.
C) oarsmen in the city-states' fleets.
D) Spartan hoplites.
E) free citizens.

Question 21

Which of the following tragic poets subjected the problems of human life to critical analysis and challenged human conventions?

A) Sappho
B) Sophocles
C) Aristophanes
D) Aeschylus
E) Euripides

Question 22

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Agamemnon

Question 23

The term matter philosophers has been applied to

A) the theoreticians of Miletus.
B) early Athenian philosophers.
C) the Ionian thinkers.
D) teachers in the Sophist tradition.
E) the Pythagoreans.

Question 24

In contrast to Plato, Aristotle

A) stressed the separation between the lower world of things and the higher world of Forms.
B) endorsed the rule of law.
C) believed that women should be allowed to participate in politics.
D) insisted that universal ideas and forms could only be accessed through study of the particular.
E) was predisposed toward mathematics and metaphysics.

Question 25

Aristotle believed the "best political community" should be composed of

A) both men and women.
B) the middle class.
C) an oligarchy of the best citizens.
D) intellectuals.
E) the aristocracy

Question 26

In Plato's ideal republic

A) the citizens were to elect a single leader.
B) the philosophers were to rule absolutely.
C) an aristocratic council would elect the leaders.
D) the leader would be determined by divination.
E) the leader was to be elected democratically.

Question 27

Hippocrates

A) ascribed a divine origin to epilepsy.
B) treated epilepsy with "cupping."
C) denied that epilepsy was sacred or had a divine origin.
D) believed epilepsy was a contagious disease spread by mosquitoes.
E) supported the magical beliefs of the Near Easterners about epilepsy.

Question 28

What was central to Socrate's teachings?

A) A return to religious guidance
B) Shaping a rational individual
C) Education should not include the shaping of individual character
D) Possessions and wealth and not the community are the goals of an individual
E) Tyranny is the best political system

Question 29

In evaluating Aristotle's thought, one may say that he

A) defined moderation as refraining from self-seeking.
B) believed human life was distinguished from all other forms in nature by the practice of ethics based on reason.
C) condemned all anger as the expression of loss of reason.
D) agreed with Plato that women deserved an opportunity to participate in the political arena.
E) disagreed with Plato's notion of an independent separate world of forms beyond space and time.

Question 30

Among Socrates' interests was concern for

A) how the playwrights interpreted the trials of humankind.
B) knowledge as an essential determinant for one to do what is ethically right.
C) lecture rather than conversation.
D) relating ethical standards to authority and tradition.
E) how moral values derive from a transcendent God.

Question 31

The Pythagoreans sought a mathematical order they believed to be inherent in the universe. They also

A) rejected democracy as too chaotic and corrupt.
B) believed that human beings were simply complex machines.
C) participated in the cult of Dionysus.
D) believed in the immortality and transmigration of souls.
E) believed that water is the original substance.

Question 32

The term sophrosyne refers to

A) uncontrolled arrogance.
B) moderation and self-discipline.
C) inconsequential philosophical arguing.
D) skillful rhetoric.
E) the application of reason to lawmaking.

Question 33

Thucydides

A) ascribed the final outcome of the Peloponnesian Wars to divine intervention.
B) looked for myths and legends behind historical truth.
C) commanded the Greek fleet at Salamis.
D) commanded the Athenian expedition to Syracuse.
E) rejected the notion that the gods interfere in history.

Question 34

Plato would have argued against which of the following statements?

A) Those who were inclined toward intellectual pursuits should be rulers.
B) The adjective courageous should only be applied to those who were willing to become childbearers.
C) Humans must live an ethical life as citizens of a rational state.
D) In an unjust state, people cannot achieve Socratic wisdom for their souls will mirror the state's wickedness.
E) People will not entrust the care of a sick person to just anyone.

Question 35

Which of the following statements describes Anaximander's work with the Ionian school of philosophy?

A) He believed the primary substance was fire.
B) He contended that nature was lawful.
C) Water was referred to as the primary substance.
D) Floods were said to have been caused by Poseidon.
E) He supported the creation myths.

Question 36

Which of the following speculated that the world was composed of atoms?

A) Democritus
B) Parmenides
C) Thales
D) Pythagoras
E) Anaximander

Question 37

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Ionia

Question 38

Aristophanes was a comic playwright who

A) dramatized the story of Socrates' trial and execution.
B) lauded Socrates for his positive influence on Athenian youth.
C) lampooned Athenian statesmen and intellectuals.
D) accused Socrates of embezzling state funds.
E) maintained that individuals should shape their character in the way a sculptor shapes a form.

Question 39

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Xerxes

Question 40

Herodotus was a historian of the

A) Punic War.
B) Trojan War.
C) Persian War.
D) Peloponnesian War.
E) Macedonian War.

Question 41

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Sappho

Question 42

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Republic

Question 43

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Thales

Question 44

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Sophocles

Question 45

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Euripides

Question 46

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Delian League

Question 47

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Socrates

Question 48

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Aristotle

Question 49

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Democritus

Question 50

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Dialectics

Question 51

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
polis

Question 52

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Logos

Question 53

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Pythagoreans

Question 54

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Themistocles

Question 55

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Iliad

Question 56

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Ostracism

Question 57

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Plato

Question 58

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Parthenon

Question 59

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Herodotus

Question 60

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Koine

Question 61

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

Define the term polis. Why must one understand the significance of the polis to appreciate the complexity of ancient Greek political life?

Question 62

​The Minoans were

A) ​an early Greek civilization located on Crete.
B) ​builders of elaborate palace complexes
C) ​a militaristic empire that dominated the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
D) ​evacuated to Italy after an earthquake
E) ​the founders of democracy

Question 63

The Athenian leader that helped to introduce democracy to Athens after Pisistratus' death was​

A) ​Cleisthenes
B) ​Alexander
C) Pericles
D) ​Xerxes
E) ​Themistocles

Question 64

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

Discuss why there is continuing fascination with the concepts found in Plato's The Republic.

Question 65

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

How does the development of Greek drama epitomize the movement of Greek culture from myth towards rationality?

Question 66

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

Analyze the Chapter Three text book sculptures of The Wrestler, Zeus, Alexander on Horseback and the Old Market Woman. Explain the changes in Greek history and culture that produced these particular styles and their changes.

Question 67

The Iliad was set during​

A) the Trojan War​
B) ​the Persian War​
C) ​Alexander the Great's Reign​
D) ​trial of Socrates​
E) ​Fall of Athens

Question 68

​The Athenian city-state experienced all of the following government styles except

A) ​democracy
B) ​monarchy
C) ​oligarchy
D) ​tyranny
E) ​dictator

Question 69

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

On the map of the Hellenistic World, transform Alexander's Empire into modern day states, areas, and nations. Please shade and identify.

Question 70

​Aristocracy means

A) ​rule of the best​
B) ​rule of the people​
C) ​rule of the wealthy​
D) ​rule of the king​
E) ​rule of the elected​

Question 71

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On the map of Europe, locate the following: Crete, Athens, Sparta, Sicily, Ionia, Delphi, Olympia, the Aegean Sea, the Ionian Sea, the Gulf of Corinth, and the Peloponnesus.

Question 72

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

It has been said by some that great men make history. To what extent would you apply this principle to Greece?

Question 73

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On the map of Europe, locate the sites of major victories of the Greeks over the invading forces and include the dates of the victories.

Question 74

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

The death of Socrates has often been depicted in works of art. Evaluate why his life and death are significant.

Question 75

The Mycenaean Greeks​

A) ​predated the Minoan Civilization
B) ​settled in Peloponnesus
C) defeated the Persians at the Battle of Troy​
D) ​did not possess a written language​
E) ​were a mythic people created by Homer

Question 76

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

How were Athenian views of democracy, human rights, and freedom different from those prevalent in contemporary America?

Question 77

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

Perhaps the greatest legacy of the Greeks to Western Civilization is intellectual. Discuss this statement.

Question 78

Please use this outline map of the Hellenistic world to answer the question(s).

How did the Peloponnesian War influence various Greek philosophers and historians?

Question 79

​The Mycenaeans left a legacy for the Greeks except

A) ​metallurgy
B) ​pottery forms
C) ​agriculture
D) ​democracy
E) ​Homeric epics

Question 80

Which statement best describes the Spartan way of life​

A) ​military service for their polis was the highest form of excellence​
B) ​democracy provided citizens with aretē​
C) ​peaceful relations built long term stability​
D) ​equality among all residents proved essential​
E) ​arete could be found in many professions