Deck 8: Transition to the Modern Age: Renaissance and Reformation

Question 1

The new outlook during the Renaissance applied almost exclusively to all the following except

A) princes.
B) courtiers.
C) talented artists.
D) wealthy urban families.
E) peasants.

Answer 1

peasants.

Question 2

The humanist spirit in France is exemplified by

A) Lorenzo Valla.
B) Mario De Como.
C) Francisco Franco.
D) Francois Rabelais.
E) Erasmus.

Answer 2

Francois Rabelais.

Question 3

Which of the following is considered the greatest playwright the world has ever produced?

A) Machiavelli
B) Sir Thomas More
C) William Shakespeare
D) Rabelais
E) Lorenzo Valla

Answer 3

William Shakespeare

Question 4

The word renaissance means

A) rebirth.
B) renewal.
C) reconfiguration.
D) reintroduction.
E) revival.

Question 5

The Brethren of Common Life was a/an

A) lay movement emphasizing education and practical piety.
B) biblical organization that emphasized the translation of the bible into German.
C) artistic organization during the renaissance.
D) book publishing company in Germany.
E) humanist society from Italy.

Question 6

The Renaissance, which began in the city-states of northern Italy, spread north and west to all the following except

A) Greece.
B) Germany.
C) France.
D) England.
E) Spain.

Question 7

Lutheranism found its greatest following among German townspeople for which of the following reasons?

A) Their support for the confiscation of church lands in Germany
B) Their objection to money flowing from their country to Rome in the form of church taxes and payment for church offices
C) The diminishing power of the pope
D) The dynamic leadership of the German clergy
E) The resentment against the worldliness and lack of piety of many clergy.

Question 8

In The Prince, Machiavelli expounded a new political theory

A) which had ideal Christian ends.
B) in which policy was based on religion.
C) which coincided with traditional political theory.
D) which had no place for Christian morality.
E) which was in harmony with Christian morality.

Question 9

In the fourteenth century, people who began to question the authority of the international church and its clergy used all the following arguments except that the

A) pope had no authority over kings.
B) state needed no guidance from the papacy.
C) clergy was not above secular law.
D) pope was indeed the Antichrist.
E) church was only a spiritual body whose power does not extend to the political realm.

Question 10

____ promoted the view that successful princes have always been indifferent to moral and religious considerations.

A) Valla
B) Pico
C) Machiavelli
D) Thomas More
E) Raphael

Question 11

Sir Thomas More, in his Utopia, advanced the concept that

A) some poverty is inevitable.
B) an acquisitive society eventually achieves the just distribution of goods.
C) for a just society, private property must be abolished.
D) lawyers could help to design a just society.
E) private property was necessary for every society.

Question 12

According to Machiavelli, a prince would be successful if he

A) ultimately became pope.
B) honestly explain his goals and actions to his people.
C) would guarantee the security of his position and state with no regard for morality.
D) would expect his government to guarantee trust and integrity by not violating any agreements with other nations or leaders.
E) would never resort to cruelty and terror.

Question 13

All of the following are associated with the Italian Renaissance except

A) art served as a focus of civic pride and patriotism.
B) members of the urban upper class became patrons of the arts.
C) a fixed hierarchy of lords and vassals prevailed.
D) rulers competed for art and artists to boost their prestige.
E) Prosperous businesspeople played a leading role in the political and cultural life of the city.

Question 14

Petrarch was an advocate of an education that emphasized

A) rhetoric and moral philosophy.
B) mathematics and science.
C) history and geography.
D) philosophy and architecture.
E) literature and grammar.

Question 15

All of the following indicate the Renaissance age as an era of transition between the medieval and the modern age except

A) the rejection of certain elements of the medieval outlook.
B) Lorenzo Valla's dating of the Donation of Constantine.
C) the revival of classical cultural forms.
D) the emergence of distinctly modern attitudes.
E) the quest to imitate classical style and to capture the secular spirit of antiquity.

Question 16

Which of the following said "I can work miracles?"

A) Michelangelo
B) Raphael
C) Leonardo da Vinci
D) Giotto
E) Jan Van Eyck

Question 17

Who contended that knowledge must be used to promote the public well-being?

A) Lorenzo de' Medici
B) Petrarch
C) Pico della Mirandola
D) Lorenzo Valla
E) Erasmus

Question 18

Which of the following destroyed the republican constitution of Florence in 1480?

A) Cosimo de' Medici
B) Lorenzo Valla
C) Leonardo da Vinci
D) Lorenzo the Magnificent
E) Michelangelo

Question 19

In the works of Renaissance artists and thinkers, the world was depicted and explained without reference to

A) higher supernatural realm of meaning and authority.
B) human achievements.
C) confidence in human intelligence.
D) artistic talent.
E) history.

Question 20

The success of the Reformation outside Germany and Scandinavia derived largely from the work of

A) Zwingli.
B) John Hus.
C) Henry IV.
D) Henry VIII.
E) John Calvin.

Question 21

How did Luther view the concept of salvation?

A) A need to adhere to the sacraments.
B) Pilgrimage to the Holy Land was a requirement.
C) Faith alone should rule a person's earthly existence.
D) Tithes to the church must be honored.
E) Participation in a Crusade is an honor.

Question 22

Giotto's contributions to art include

A) using alterations in light and shade.
B) creating a three dimensional figure to show space.
C) using space in a painting to tell a story.
D) using illusion of movement for dramatic effect.
E) All of these were Giotto's contributions to the art of painting.

Question 23

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Humanism

Question 24

The lower classes in Germany in the sixteenth century

A) were no worse off than those of England.
B) were allied with the nobility against wealthy townsmen.
C) disavowed the Holy Roman Emperor.
D) saw Luther as their ally against their oppressors.
E) revolted against their Lords with the full support of Martin Luther.

Question 25

The Council of ____ reaffirmed the church's teaching that both faith and good works were necessary for attaining salvation.

A) Constantinople
B) Worms
C) Alexandria
D) Rome
E) Trent

Question 26

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Anabaptists

Question 27

Which layperson led the Catholic Counter Reformation?

A) Ignatius Loyola
B) Erasmus
C) Severus
D) Philip
E) Wycliffe

Question 28

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Leonardo da Vinci

Question 29

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Cosimo de' Medici

Question 30

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Lorenzo Valla

Question 31

Calvin's theology of predestination spread to all the following areas in Europe except

A) France.
B) England.
C) the Netherlands.
D) parts of the Holy Roman Empire.
E) Italy.

Question 32

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
95 Thesis

Question 33

Which Lutheran Prince crushed the Anabaptists in the German city of Münster in Westphalia?

A) Philip
B) Henry
C) Frederick
D) Edward
E) John

Question 34

The protestant leader who agreed to reconvert to Catholicism to become the King of France was

A) Henry VIII.
B) Henry V.
C) Henry IV.
D) John I.
E) Edward IV.

Question 35

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Florence

Question 36

The largest group in the Radical Reformation before 1550 was the

A) Presbyterians.
B) Lutherans.
C) Calvinists.
D) Anabaptists.
E) Mennonites.

Question 37

Calvinists were individuals who believed that

A) liberalism in one's faith is the best form of religion.
B) they did not have to defy any temporal authorities.
C) a dedication to God's law could be seen as a sign of salvation.
D) secular law must be the dominating principle of life.
E) the purchase of indulgences was another avenue to heaven.

Question 38

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
William Shakespeare

Question 39

Who published the Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation?

A) John Tetzel
B) Martin Luther
C) John Calvin
D) Zwingli
E) John Hus

Question 40

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Prince

Question 41

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
John Calvin

Question 42

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Elizabeth I

Question 43

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Individualism

Question 44

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Huguenots

Question 45

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Henry VIII of England

Question 46

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Protestants

Question 47

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).


-On the map of Europe, locate where the following occurred: the posting of the Ninety-five Theses at Wittenberg; the meeting of Luther and Charles V at Worms; the center of international Protestantism, Geneva; the Anabaptist stronghold, Münster; the church council at Trent.

Question 48

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism

Question 49

Please use this outline map of Italy to answer the question(s).

On the map of Italy, locate the five major powers that emerged on the Italian peninsula: the kingdom of Naples and Sicily, the Papal States, Florence, Venice, and Milan.

Question 50

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Peasants' Revolt

Question 51

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Council of Trent

Question 52

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Rabelais

Question 53

Please use this outline map of Italy to answer the question(s).

On the map of Italy, locate each of the following: Florence, where the revolt of the Ciompi occurred; Venice, which served as a model of republican government; and Lodi, where a peace treaty was signed.

Question 54

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Edict of Nantes

Question 55

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Jesuits

Question 56

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation

Question 57

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Machiavelli

Question 58

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Radical Reformation

Question 59

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Pope Julius II

Question 60

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
The Index of Prohibited Books

Question 61

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Why was Italian society so amenable to the development of the Renaissance?

Question 62

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Using an historical atlas, locate the birthplace of the following individuals: Erasmus, Sir Thomas More, Montaigne, Rabelais, Jiménez, Shakespeare, Boccaccio, Machiavelli, Gutenberg, and Petrarch.

Question 63

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How was the Italian city-state of the Late Middle Ages fundamentally different from other European states?

Question 64

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Define the term humanism and explain its impact on a Renaissance educational ideal.

Question 65

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On the map of Europe, trace in the areas dominated by Lutherans, Calvinists, and the Church of England.

Question 66

​The Medici family was most associated with the Italian city

A) ​Rome
B) ​Milan
C) ​Florence
D) ​Naples
E) ​Venice

Question 67

​The sculpture David was completed by which Renaissance artist

A) ​Raphael Santi
B) ​Filippo Brunelleschi
C) ​Leonardo da Vinci
D) ​Michelangelo
E) Donatello

Question 68

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Explain major influences on Luther's development. Do you think a man with Luther's personality was likely to be a leader against Roman papal authority?

Question 69

Italian cities were a likely spot for the Renaissance to begin for all the reasons except​

A) ​Italian cities had wealth, freedom, and inclination towards the arts
B) ​close proximity to Roman ruins
C) ​a flourishing commercial and banking centers
D) ​strong kings to encourage artistic experimentation
E) ​experimentation with republican self-government

Question 70

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How can you justify referring to some sixteenth century religious developments as a Radical Reformation?

Question 71

Which statement about Humanism is least accurate

A) emphasized the study of Greek and Roman literature
B) ​attempted to learn how to live well
C) ​desired self-cultivation
D) ​restored the study of the Greek language
E) ​subordinated classical literature to the Christian worldview

Question 72

Renaissance Humanists would have disagreed with Saint Augustine because

A) ​Humanists rejected Christianity
B) ​Humanists believed God allowed people to achieve greatness
C) ​Humanists embraced the Thomistic ideals
D) ​Humanists agreed with Greek concepts of human excellence and the individual
E) ​Humanists deemed civic duty to flawed goal

Question 73

​All of the following are accurate descriptions of the Renaissance except

A) ​a rejection of some elements of the medieval outlook
B) ​a revival of classical cultural forms
C) ​a break with the Catholic Church
D) ​an emergence of modern attitudes
E) ​it began in Italy and spread northward.

Question 74

Erasmus' fame and achievement lays as a​

A) ​Christian humanist​
B) ​scholastic
C) astronomer
D) ​painter
E) ​playwright

Question 75

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How may one argue that the Italian city-states contributed to the advance of political concepts?

Question 76

The Last Supper was painted by which Renaissance artist​

A) ​Masaccio
B) ​Michelangelo
C) ​Leonardo da Vinci
D) ​Donatello
E) ​Leon Battista Alberti

Question 77

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

What is the meaning of the term individualism in the Renaissance context? How was individualism of the Renaissance incompatible with the medieval worldview?

Question 78

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Elaborate on the meaning of the term renaissance. Was it a rebirth, a period of transition, or a sharp break with the past?

Question 79

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss the ideas of Machiavelli. Do you think he offers a cogent message for contemporary leaders?

Question 80

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss the manner in which the Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation.