Deck 11: The Era of the French Revolution: Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

Question 1

The pivotal personality who led the Jacobins to win both the internal and external wars during the radical stage of the French Revolution was

A) Maximilien Robespierre.
B) Georges Danton.
C) Marquis de Lafayette.
D) Abbe Sieyes.
E) Albert Richelieu.

Answer 1

Maximilien Robespierre.

Question 2

All of the following created a tremendous burden on the French national treasury except

A) France's aid to the colonists in the American Revolution.
B) the king's gifts and pensions to court nobles.
C) the extravagant court life.
D) the enormous debt incurred during the wars of Louis X1V.
E) taxes created to encourage investments were too high hurting the merchant-class.

Answer 2

taxes created to encourage investments were too high hurting the merchant-class.

Question 3

The illustration in the text, Let's Hope that the Game Finishes Well symbolizes all of the following EXCEPT

A) aristocracy attitude toward the Third Estate.
B) heavy tax burden imposed on the Third Estate
C) the extreme class system in Pre-Revolution France.
D) the conditions of the poor.
E) All of these can be deduced from the illustration

Answer 3

All of these can be deduced from the illustration

Question 4

What issue finally caused the rift between aristocracy and bourgeoisie during the meeting of the Estates General?

A) The Civil Constitution
B) The Tennis Court Oath
C) How the Estates General was seated and voted.
D) The development of more entitlements
E) The grievances of the Third Estate.

Question 5

As an enlightened despot, Napoleon did all of the following except

A) preserve equality under the law.
B) open careers to men of talent.
C) preserve political liberty.
D) promote secular education.
E) weaken clerical power.

Question 6

In July 1789, Paris was tense because of

A) rumors of massive disorders in the countryside as well as the massacre of prisoners in Paris jails.
B) threats of war from Austria and Prussia.
C) news that the American Constitutional Convention had completed its work.
D) the calling of the Estates General, the rise in the price of bread, and fear of aristocratic conspiracy.
E) threats from England.

Question 7

In order to strengthen the French economy, Napoleon did all the following except

A) aid industry through tariffs and loans.
B) promote commerce by building and repairing roads, bridges, and canals.
C) provide food at low prices and stimulate employment for the laboring poor.
D) establish the bank of France.
E) restore the feudal privileges of the Old Regime.

Question 8

Before the outbreak of the French Revolution, what was the relationship between the serfs and their lords?

A) Lords were willing to give up some of their rights to avoid unrest.
B) Banalities were abolished.
C) Serfs created associations to avoid paying lords fees for the use of their mills.
D) Lords damaged peasant crops during hunting parties and had no obligation to pay for the damage
E) The Estates General eliminated all peasant obligations.

Question 9

Prior to the French Revolutionary wars, Napoleon Bonaparte was a/an

A) wealthy Corsican peasant.
B) priest in a rural district of Provence.
C) artillery officer in the French Army.
D) candle maker.
E) Jacobin.

Question 10

How would the philosophes evaluate the financial and administrative systems of France before the Revolution?

A) Tariffs helped the individual states as well as the state.
B) Provinces were united under national laws.
C) The system was an insult to reason
D) A system of weights and measures helped generate intra state commerce
E) Laws dating back to the feudal system had been deleted or upgraded.

Question 11

The san-culottes would have supported each of the following except the

A) increased wages, price controls on food supplies, and ending food shortages.
B) maintenance of the estate system.
C) redistribution of land to diminish economic inequality.
D) creation of a democratic republic.
E) higher taxes on the wealthy.

Question 12

Which of the following is least accurate about the method of Napoleon's rule?

A) Napoleon did not succeed in centralizing the French government.
B) Napoleon's control of the press included oaths of obedience by printers.
C) Napoleon used education to indoctrinate the young in obedience and loyalty to him.
D) Napoleon intended to rule in an enlightened fashion.
E) Napoleon tried to close the breach between the state and the Catholic Church.

Question 13

When Napoleon acquired power in France, it was through

A) the success at the Battle of Trafalgar.
B) joining with other conspirators against the Directory.
C) returning with the troops from Egypt in a show of strength.
D) popular election.
E) an appointment by the Directory.

Question 14

Albert Soboul placed the essential cause for the French Revolution on

A) the power of a mature bourgeoisie whose progress was being confronted by decadent aristocracy.
B) anger of the bourgeoisie that they were not permitted to acquire land.
C) distress over the Brunswick Manifesto.
D) the aristocracy's revival of old feudal burdens on the peasantry.
E) the increasing power of the peasants.

Question 15

The Great Fear refers to

A) reaction in the countryside to the Jacobin Terror.
B) the rebellion in the Vendée.
C) the rural reaction to rumors that aristocrats were organizing attacks on peasants.
D) popular reaction to the invasion of France by Prussia and Austria.
E) the October days.

Question 16

One may say of the Second Estate that

A) ownership of church lands offered its members considerable profit.
B) the bourgeoisie was its major component.
C) most were intolerant of the ideas of the philosophes.
D) it consisted of about two million persons.
E) it performed the most useful services for the state.

Question 17

The nobles of the robe

A) could trace their aristocratic ancestry back centuries.
B) had purchased their titles from the king.
C) were those aristocrats resident at Versailles.
D) were lawyers.
E) were members of the clergy.

Question 18

Which of the following were demands of the bourgeoisie?

A) All positions in the church, army, and state to be opened to men of talent regardless of birth
B) A parliament that would make the laws for the nation
C) A constitution that would limit the king's power and guarantee freedom of thought, a fair trial, and religious toleration
D) Administrative reforms that would eliminate waste, inefficiency, and interference with business
E) The bourgeoisie demanded each one of these reforms and changes.

Question 19

The sans-culottes feared that after the aristocracy had fallen the _______ would replace them in power due to their wealth.

A) Jacobins
B) monarchists​
C) Girondins
D) bourgeoisie
E) émigrés

Question 20

The Women's March to Versailles, illustration in text resulted in all of the following EXCEPT

A) the royal family escaping to Austria.
B) Paris Guards supported and joined in the march.
C) the king promised bread for the people.
D) many nobles fled the country.
E) the king was forced to sign the Declaration of Rights.

Question 21

According to the author, Napoleon's deep impact on European history was that

A) his hubris would deter future would-be conquerors.
B) his tyranny discredited revolutionary ideals throughout Europe.
C) he made restoration of the Old Regime of noble and clerical privilege impossible.
D) he decentralized political power in France.
E) he denied the bourgeoisie access to the highest positions in the state.

Question 22

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Valmy

Question 23

The less liberal side of the Code Napoleon included all of the following except

A) denial of equal treatment to workers dealing with their employers.
B) retention of serfdom in some parts of France.
C) provisions giving the husband nearly absolute power over his wife.
D) provisions giving the father absolute power over his children.
E) the restoration of slavery in the French colonies.

Question 24

Napoleon can be considered a/an ____ because his political actions belonged to the traditions of the eighteenth century.

A) republican official.
B) enlightened despot.
C) representative political official.
D) military dictator.
E) tyrant

Question 25

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

Question 26

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Old Regime

Question 27

The Spanish ulcer refers to the

A) Spanish war of liberation from French occupation and domination.
B) Russian war of liberation.
C) Spanish acceptance of Joseph as king.
D) Spanish war with England.
E) Prussian war of liberation.

Question 28

After his defeat in Waterloo, Napoleon was exiled to

A) Saint Helena Island.
B) Fernando Po.
C) Azores.
D) Canary Island.
E) the Island of Corsica.

Question 29

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the Tennis Court Oath

Question 30

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
san-culottes

Question 31

All of the following were among the principles incorporated into the Code Napoleon except

A) equality of all adult men before the law.
B) freedom of religion.
C) restoration of seized lands to émigré nobles.
D) protection of property rights.
E) abolition of serfdom.

Question 32

In many ways, Robespierre could be considered a voice for liberal reform because he supported

A) rights for women.
B) rights for Jews.
C) expanding crimes punishable by capital punishment.
D) revoking all voting rights for nobles who believed in royalism.
E) the use of slavery in French territories.

Question 33

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Robespierre

Question 34

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Jacobins

Question 35

The Continental System may be best associated with

A) the attempt to destroy Britain's economy.
B) the placement of Napoleon's relatives on thrones.
C) conscription for the Grand Army.
D) control of inflation on the European continent.
E) the attempt to defeat Italy.

Question 36

After Napoleon's defeat in the spring of 1814, he was exiled to

A) Saint Helena Island.
B) the Island of Elba.
C) the Island of Fernando Po.
D) the Island of Madagascar.
E) Seychelles Island.

Question 37

Which of the following was a major military disaster for Napoleon?

A) Siege of Orleans
B) Siege of Toulon
C) Both Waterloo and Jena
D) Waterloo
E) Jena

Question 38

The goal of the Continental System was to

A) create a European hegemony.
B) establish a more democratic educational system in France.
C) make Napoleon the Holy Roman Emperor.
D) defeat Britain by destroying its economy.
E) sell the Louisiana area to the United States.

Question 39

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Great Fear

Question 40

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
émigrés

Question 41

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Frederick William III

Question 42

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Duke of Wellington

Question 43

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
"hundred days"

Question 44

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Continental System

Question 45

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Thermidor

Question 46

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
National Assembly

Question 47

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Bank of France

Question 48

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
"War to the Knife"

Question 49

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
nationalism

Question 50

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
law of the maximum

Question 51

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the Bastille

Question 52

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Corsica

Question 53

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Louis XVI

Question 54

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Estates General

Question 55

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
National Convention

Question 56

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the Vendée

Question 57

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Petit peuple

Question 58

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Jena

Question 59

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Banalities

Question 60

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
"crowned Jacobin"

Question 61

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

In what ways did the French state actually emerge strengthened from the French Revolution?

Question 62

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Discuss the nature of the Estates of French society in the eighteenth century. Was each estate a monolithic group? Explain.

Question 63

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Continental System

Question 64

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Concordat of 1801

Question 65

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On a map of Europe, locate the following dependent states of the French Empire: Spain, the Kingdom of Italy and the Kingdom of Naples, the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, and the Confederation of the Rhine.

Question 66

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Analyze the slogan "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity." To what extent was the slogan a good indicator of the realities of the French Revolution?

Question 67

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How was the French Revolution an outgrowth of the Enlightenment?
​
​

Question 68

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Waterloo

Question 69

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On a blank map of Europe, trace the borders of France in 1793 as well as the extent of the French territory at the height of Napoleon's military actions.

Question 70

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Louis XVIII

Question 71

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Island of Elba

Question 72

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Locate on a map of Europe the sites of the following battles: Ulm, Austerlitz, Borodino, Friedland, Leipzig, and Trafalgar. Next to each, write the date of the battle.

Question 73

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On a blank map of Europe, trace in the areas where the Great Fear and the revolt in the Vendée occurred.

Question 74

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Grand Duchy of Warsaw

Question 75

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Code Napoleon

Question 76

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Who were the nobles of the sword and the nobles of the robe? Were there issues on which they were likely to agree?

Question 77

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
"the nation of shopkeepers"

Question 78

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How was the political program of the Jacobin government in 1792−1794 different from that of the National Assembly in 1789−1791?

Question 79

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
the German War of Liberation

Question 80

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Was it inevitable that a Reign of Terror would erupt during the French Revolution? Explain.