Deck 21: Europe After World War 2: Recovery and Realignment, 1945-1989

Question 1

The author summarizes Margaret Thatcher's program as British Prime Minister as

A) expanding women's rights and assuring the entire population's access to health care.
B) challenging the nuclear superiority of the U.S.S.R. and the U.S.
C) reduction of inflation and promotion of individual initiative and private enterprise.
D) nationalization of the coal, steel, and railroad industries, and of the banks.
E) encouraging and promoting big government.

Answer 1

reduction of inflation and promotion of individual initiative and private enterprise.

Question 2

Following World War II, Britain

A) retained its position as one of the superpowers.
B) quickly granted independence to its colonies in Africa.
C) extended government control over the economy.
D) witnessed very conservative parties managing the government.
E) was among the richest nations in the West.

Answer 2

extended government control over the economy.

Question 3

Each of the following statements about West Germany is correct except that

A) the Cold War acted as a restraint on the German economy.
B) it was in a militarily strategic position in terms of the Cold War.
C) West Germany was much larger than East Germany.
D) it was quickly integrated into the new postwar Europe.
E) its industrial expertise was indispensable for rebuilding the Western European economy.

Answer 3

the Cold War acted as a restraint on the German economy.

Question 4

The Cuban Missile Crisis involved which of the following Super Power leaders?

A) Stalin and Truman
B) Brezhnev and Eisenhower
C) Khrushchev and Kennedy
D) Lenin and Wilson
E) Yeltsin and Bush

Question 5

Who of the following contributed most to the lessening of tensions with East Germany?

A) Konrad Adenauer
B) Ludwig Erhard
C) Willy Brandt
D) Wilhelm Pieck
E) Helmut Kohl

Question 6

Nikita Khrushchev fell from power

A) while he was on vacation.
B) in the midst of the bungled Cuban Missile Crisis.
C) after he sent troops into Hungary.
D) because he denounced Stalin.
E) while he was visiting the United States.

Question 7

The Federal Republic of Germany

A) moved the Bundestag to Berlin.
B) was formed from the Soviet zone of occupation.
C) remained a center of communist influence.
D) experienced a significant national trauma when the Berlin Wall was erected.
E) was the frontier for closer relationships between the east and the west.

Question 8

Which of the following does NOT correctly describe the Soviet Union immediately after World War II?

A) A closer alignment between communism and capitalism occurred.
B) Stalin was committed to protect the Soviet Union from Western influences.
C) Terror and ruthlessness of Stalin actually intensified during and after the war.
D) Territories liberated during the war by Soviet troops were not allowed free elections.
E) Soviets, although valiantly defeating fascism never received greater political freedoms at home.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is TRUE in regard to the war in Korea?

A) The United States sent troops to Korea when the United Nations refused to assist South Korea.​
B) For the Americans, the action in Korea was an extension of the policy of containment.
C) The war in Korea began when Chinese troops crossed into South Korea.
D) As a result of the war, North and South Korea are governed by the United Nations.
E) Russian troops became an important factor in holding back United Nation attacks on the North.

Question 10

The initial cause of America's involvement in Vietnam was America's fear of ____ effect that would occur with the loss of South Vietnam to the north.

A) the domino
B) the spread of nuclear weapons
C) Asiatic military force led by Cambodia.
D) decolonization in Asia
E) nuclear war between China and the Soviet Union.

Question 11

What was the cause of student and worker riots in the streets of Paris in 1968?

A) The demand that France join the European Community.
B) The call for Algerian independence.
C) The demand that France join NATO.
D) Demands for educational justice reforms.
E) The call for de Gaulle's resignation.

Question 12

How was European colonialism affected by World War Two?

A) Fearing the spread of communism, European controls were increased and often oppressive.
B) The World War Two slogan of self-determinism was not applied to African and Asian colonies.
C) European colonial powers, exhausted from World War Two, had little strength or resources left for colonial rule.
D) Independence in Africa led to the continent being the new frontier of democracy.
E) Algeria is the one European colony still under European control.

Question 13

The end of the Fourth Republic and the establishment of the Fifth Republic in France came about because of the

A) threat of a right-wing military coup.
B) threat of a Communist revolution.
C) loss of the French colony of Vietnam.
D) student riots of 1968.
E) workers' strike throughout France.

Question 14

What changes in communist policy occurs during the leadership of Brezhnev?

A) Andrei Sakharov was sent to Siberia at hard labor.
B) Ties with Russia's satellite states were tightened.
C) The Russians were permitted some increased contact with the Western world.
D) Anti-Semitism resulted in the ejection of Jews from the Soviet Union.
E) Personal dictatorship was strengthened in the Soviet Union.

Question 15

François Mitterrand's career involved

A) maintaining the Gaullist tradition.
B) abandoning the Gaullist perspective in government.
C) working with the Green Peace party to end nuclear power in France.
D) leading the opposition party, but not participation in government.
E) opposition to European unity.

Question 16

The Truman Doctrine was the centerpiece of the new policy of

A) consensus.
B) concentric.
C) containment.
D) co-operation.
E) contradiction.

Question 17

When the United States withdrew its forces from Vietnam, Cambodian Communists known as ____ seized power under their leader, Pol Pot.

A) Vietcong
B) Khmer Rouge
C) Volunteers
D) Phnom Penh
E) the Black Shirts

Question 18

Fundamental reorganization of the communist system along with more open public political discussion were introduced in the Soviet Union by

A) Joseph Stalin
B) Nikita Khrushchev
C) Leonid Brezhnev
D) Mikhail Gorbachev
E) Boris Yeltsin

Question 19

According to the primary source in this chapter, The New Class, how does Djilas describe the communist party?

A) The party had allowed a limited amount of dissidents into its ranks to mollify public opinion.
B) The revolution had provided for greater legal security and greater civil rights.
C) Complete authority lay in the power of a single new class.
D) The simplicity of the Communist system lies with its elected parliament.
E) Under communism all political positions are open to all members of the Communist Party.

Question 20

General Charles de Gaulle may be associated with each of the following except

A) leading the free French forces in World War II.
B) pursuing friendly policies with African states.
C) establishing a government with a strong executive authority.
D) attempting to revise the constitution to his liking.
E) insisting that France be admitted to NATO.

Question 21

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Chancellor Schroder

Question 22

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On a blank map of Europe, trace the borders of the countries of Europe immediately following World War II clearly showing the boundaries between the East and new Soviet block

Question 23

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
socialism with a human face

Question 24

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Pol Pot

Question 25

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
OPEC

Question 26

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Margaret Thatcher

Question 27

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Marshall Plan

Question 28

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Containment

Question 29

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Ho Chi Minh

Question 30

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
European Community

Question 31

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Cuban Missile Crisis

Question 32

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Fidel Castro

Question 33

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Warsaw Pact

Question 34

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Nikita Khrushchev

Question 35

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Charles de Gaulle

Question 36

The extensive economic aid the United States provided to Western Europe is generally referred to by what term?

A) The Truman Doctrine
B) The Containment Doctrine
C) The Warsaw Pact
D) The Marshall Plan
E) The London Plan

Question 37

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 38

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Fifth Republic

Question 39

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Domino Effect

Question 40

Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important?
Truman Doctrine

Question 41

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

On blank map of Europe, label the countries in present day Europe since the demise of the Soviet Union.

Question 42

​Which country was NOT an original member of NATO?

A) ​Canada
B) ​France
C) ​Iceland
D) ​Spain
E) ​Italy

Question 43

​All of the following are true of Gorbachev's leadership except

A) ​He called for increased openness in discussion of public affairs.
B) ​He encouraged multiple candidates for elected posts.
C) He demanded a reorganization of the Soviet system to all citizens to have more influence on economic production.
D) ​He announced the end of the Soviet Union.
E) ​He invaded Afghanistan.

Question 44

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Judging from the text, what were some of the reasons for the recovery of economic prosperity and political stability in Western Europe after World War II?

Question 45

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

What are the major ways that the Soviet Union and the United States attempted to extend their influence during the cold war?

Question 46

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Was Gorbachev trying to reform communism or end it? Explain.
​
​

Question 47

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Describe the major points of development that led to the establishment of the European Community.

Question 48

​Solidarity

Question 49

The division of Pakistan and India

A) ​separated Muslim and Hindu residents of the region.
B) ​ended British rule in Pakistan but left a British presence in India.
C) ​was the idea of Gandhi's for permanent peace.
D) ​grew out of Soviet influence in Pakistan.
E) ​was enforced by United Nations troops.

Question 50

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Why is 1989 called the "year of liberation"?

Question 51

​All of the following statements about the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) are true except

A) ​Its original members included France, West Germany, and Netherlands.
B) ​It was centered on Ruhr valley.
C) ​It eventually evolved into the European Economic Community and then the European Community
D) ​Great Britain and Ireland were the last countries to join.
E) ​The European Community constituted the world's largest trading bloc.

Question 52

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Most major historical events have multiple causes. Judging from the text, what were some of the causes of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Communist party's monopoly on political power in 1991?

Question 53

​The Czechoslovakian leader that attempted to put a human face on socialism in 1968 was__________.

A) ​Janos Kadar
B) ​Wojeciech Jaruzelski
C) ​Lech Walesa
D) ​Alexander Dubcek
E) ​Vaclav Havel

Question 54

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

What are some of anxieties felt in prosperous West European societies about the increasing power and reach of the European Union and about loss of identity in general?

Question 55

​Polish citizens resisted Soviet rule after WWII for all of the following reasons except

A) ​historic memories of being under Russian rule before WWI.
B) ​Soviet invasion of eastern Poland in 1939
C) ​assisting Germans round up Jewish Poles in 1939.
D) ​strong Catholic traditions challenged atheistic communism.​
E) ​massacring thousands of Polish officers during the war.

Question 56

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

Both Khrushchev and Gorbachev attempted to reform the Soviet Union. Compare their successes and their fate as leaders.

Question 57

Marshal Tito​ led what European country on its own non-Soviet aligned communist path?

A) ​Yugoslavia
B) ​Bulgaria
C) ​Romania
D) ​Greece
E) ​Hungary

Question 58

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How did European and Western powers deal with the revived calls for independence from their colonial holdings after World War II?

Question 59

Please use this outline map of Europe to answer the question(s).

How did the United States react during the early years of the cold war? According to the authors of your text, did the United States have cause for concern?

Question 60

​The Polish electrician that became the leader of Solidarity was_________.

A) ​Lech Walesa
B) ​Vaclav Havel
C) ​Wojciech Jaruzelski
D) ​Tedor Zhivkov
E) ​Janos Kadar

Question 61

John Paul II​

Question 62

Lech Walesa​

Question 63

Berlin Wall​