Deck 25: a Surface Veneer: Sediments and Soils

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT sediment?

A)Figure A
B)Figure B
C)Figure C
D)Figure D

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which soil horizon contains the most organic material?

A)A
B)O
C)B
D)E

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Chemical weathering involves the breakdown of material due to ________.

A)mechanical breakdown of rock
B)baking in the hot sun
C)interaction with molten rock
D)interaction with water or air

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Hydration occurs when ________.

A)minerals are dissolved into water
B)minerals are turned into rust
C)minerals absorb water and expand
D)minerals are removed by frost

Question 5

What type of weathering is shown in the following picture?

A)salt wedging
B)frost wedging
C)dissolution
D)hydration

Question 6

Which of the following is a type of physical weathering?

A)thermal expansion
B)dissolution
C)oxidation
D)hydration

Question 7

What type of weathering are you likely to find occurring in areas with cold climates?

A)hydrolysis
B)frost wedging
C)salt wedging
D)dissolution

Question 8

Dissolution occurs when ________.

A)minerals are dissolved into water
B)minerals are turned into rust
C)minerals absorb water and expand
D)minerals are removed by frost

Question 9

Why does differential weathering occur?

A)Chemical weathering attacks some layers,and physical weathering attacks the others.
B)The cliffs formed by chemical weathering protect the rocks below.
C)Some types of rocks don't weather at all,thus producing cliffs.
D)Different minerals have different resistances to weathering.

Question 10

Which type of weathering process is happening to materials when they rust?

A)hydrolysis
B)hydration
C)oxidation
D)dissolution

Question 11

What type of weathering has happened to the rocks in the picture?

A)hydrolysis
B)hydration
C)dissolution
D)oxidation

Question 12

Which of the following does NOT affect soil thickness?

A)time
B)types of animals
C)climate
D)vegetation type

Question 13

What type of weathering are you most likely to find occurring on the coast?

A)dissolution
B)thermal expansion
C)salt wedging
D)root wedging

Question 14

Which soil horizon is the most important to farmers for planting crops?

A)O
B)A
C)E
D)B

Question 15

Why does physical weathering speed up the processes of chemical weathering?

A)Physical weathering requires abundant water,as does chemical weathering.
B)Physical weathering produces fresh surfaces for chemical weathering to attack.
C)Chemical weathering can occur only on small surfaces,not large ones.
D)Chemical weathering requires salt,which is provided by salt wedging.

Question 16

Differential weathering occurs when ________.

A)none of the layers weather at all
B)layers of rock weather at the same rate
C)layers of rock weather at different rates
D)weathering occurs in the tropics

Question 17

Salt water is the end product of this weathering process.

A)hydrolysis
B)dissolution
C)jointing
D)frost wedging

Question 18

The following is a picture of what type of phenomenon?

A)jointing
B)differential weathering
C)chemical weathering
D)hydration

Question 19

Which of the following are NOT considered sediments?

A)fragments of shells
B)fragments of rock
C)cemented grains
D)precipitated crystals

Question 20

The zone of leaching is the area in which ________.

A)weathered bedrock forms a soil horizon
B)organic matter gathers to create a soil horizon
C)minerals are precipitated and added to soil
D)minerals are dissolved and removed from soil

Question 21

The Dust Bowl of the 1930s was created by what phenomenon?

A)increased rainfall
B)lack of vegetation
C)increased wind storms
D)differential weathering

Question 22

Which soil horizon contains weathered bedrock that has NOT yet undergone leaching?

A)O
B)C
C)E
D)B

Question 23

If the climate in an area has very little rainfall,what would be the characteristics of the soil in the area?

A)thick,with a lot of organic material
B)thin,with a lot of organic material
C)thick,with very little organic material
D)thin,with very little organic material

Question 24

Why does the C-horizon contain little to no organic material?

A)Water doesn't penetrate that far into the ground.
B)The C-horizon contains toxins from the bedrock.
C)Plants and animals do not live that far down.
D)The C-horizon is saturated with water.