Deck 6: Social Structure Theories

Question 1

Having a lack of ________ is an example of social process theories.

A)marketable skills
B)disorganization
C)self-control
D)poverty

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Environmental criminology emphasizes the importance of __________ associated with criminal victimization.

A)social values
B)geographic location
C)economic conditions
D)poverty

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following is not a negative influence on the social environment that is believed to predispose people to crime?

A)poverty
B)lack of education
C)illness
D)broken families

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Social disorganization theory sees crime as a kind of ______ of the organism of society.

A)disease
B)self-control
C)deviant culture
D)economic structure

Question 5

A social structure theory explains crime by referencing the _______ and social arrangements in society.

A)poor
B)economic
C)educational
D)psychological conditions

Question 6

Which of the following is not a fundamental assumption of social structure approaches?

A)social inequality
B)public education
C)poverty
D)racism

Question 7

Which of the following is not typically examined in social structure theories?

A)economic opportunity
B)social status
C)subculture values
D)psychological perspectives

Question 8

Intervention strategies to reduce crime through social structure look at alleviating ________.

A)social conditions
B)poverty
C)education
D)disease

Question 9

________ is the process by which a person openly rejects that which he or she aspires to but cannot obtain.

A)social theory
B)reaction formation
C)strain theory
D)social process

Question 10

Which of the following would not be considered a root cause of crime and deviance according to the social disorganization theory?

A)lack of self-control
B)social change
C)social conflict
D)lack of social consensus

Question 11

Which of the following is not a social structure theory?

A)strain theory
B)social disorganization
C)human ecology
D)culture conflict

Question 12

The subculture approach has been criticized for ________.

A)being racist
B)ignoring poverty
C)placing too much emphasis on poverty
D)placing too much emphasis on education

Question 13

Which of the following is not an example of the criminology of place?

A)homes that are more crowded lead to more levels of temptation for crime
B)crowded homes lead to lower levels of child supervision
C)mixed use of homes gives easy access and opportunity for deviant behavior
D)subculture values will likely lead to social tension and criminal behavior

Question 14

Which theory suggests that crime is caused by a clash in values?

A)culture conflict theory
B)human ecology
C)environmental theory
D)strain theory

Question 15

A violent subculture that participates in criminal activity would be explained by what theory?

A)culture conflict
B)strain theory
C)social disorganization
D)social change

Question 16

Sociological theory focuses on the nature of the ______ of relationships that exist between social groups.

A)power
B)education
C)communication
D)criminality

Question 17

The Chicago Area Project focused on combating _________.

A)social disorganization
B)poverty
C)cultural values
D)social strain

Question 18

Theories of social structure all primarily focus on the _______ of society.

A)economy
B)organization
C)political system
D)gangs

Question 19

Based on sociological theories,which of the following does not contribute to the causal nexus out of which crime develops?

A)individual behavior
B)group dynamics
C)subgroup relationships
D)group organization

Question 20

The strain theory measures all of the following in an individual except __________.

A)conformity
B)self-control
C)ritualism
D)innovation

Question 21

Ecological theories suggest that crime shows an unequal geographic distribution.

Question 22

Gangs are not a major source of concern in contemporary society.

Question 23

Criminology of place is an example of a social policy theory.

Question 24

The causal nexus out of which crime develops is created by the individual.

Question 25

A social life is an ongoing interaction between society and the persons in society.

Question 26

______ can be defined as the pressure that individuals feel to reach socially determined goals.

Question 27

The broken window thesis proposes that the physical deterioration of unrepaired buildings leads to greater concern for safety in the surrounding area.

Question 28

While the specific behavior of an individual cannot be predicted,estimates about ________ characteristics are possible.

Question 29

Social structure theories do not emphasize poverty,a lack of education,and the absence of marketable job skills.

Question 30

___________ is an approach to criminological theorizing that attempts to link the structure and organization of a human community to interactions with its localized environment.

Question 31

Sociological theories believe that crime is not the product of class structure.

Question 32

Sociological theories believe that _______ roles provide the proper focus for criminological study.

Question 33

Social ecology developed into the ecological school of criminology.

Question 34

Those who turn to crime because they are unable to attain economic success through other legitimate avenues are an example of the strain theory.

Question 35

Social disorganization theory looks at social ecology as a way to understand criminal behavior.

Question 36

Social strains such as negative school experiences and abusive peer relationships are more likely to cause crime in Western society.

Question 37

A lack of healthy interpersonal relationships is an example of a sociological explanation of crime as the end product of social processes.

Question 38

The culture conflict theory looks at ways individuals suffer from relative deprivation.

Question 39

Sociological theories believe that the structure and degree of organization or disorganization of society contribute to criminal behavior.

Question 40

__________ theories portray crime as a result of an individual's location within the structure of society.

Question 41

Explain the general features of,and assumptions about,the sociological viewpoint.

Question 42

What are the three main social structure theories? How do these help explain individual criminal behavior in relation to society?

Question 43

Discuss some of the policy implications of social structure theories.

Question 44

Conduct norms are acquired early in life through childhood _________.

Question 45

Policy developments addressing social structure theories seek direct ________ action.

Question 46

_______ can be seen in big business through criminal activities like burglary and extortion.

Question 47

The Chicago Area Project tried to reduce social disorganization in slums through the creation of _________.

Question 48

The general strain theory sees criminal activity as a coping mechanism for dealing with __________ problems that stem from social pressure.

Question 49

What are some of the ways social structure theories help explain crime? What informal and formal arrangements do these theories look at?

Question 50

What are the three sociological explanations for crime? How might we see this present in society today? Please provide examples.

Question 51

Sociological theories help us explain the different explanations for crime.Match the following explanations with the proper theory.