Deck 7: The Living Primates

Question 1

The pattern across primate species of usually giving birth to single infants, together with infants taking a long time to mature, can be seen as emphasizing quality over quantity.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Which of the following primates has a Y-5 molar pattern?

A) Tarsiers.
B) Marmosets.
C) Macaque.
D) Lorises.
E) Chimpanzees.

Answer 2

Chimpanzees.

Question 3

Primate hands

A) in most species exhibit opposable thumbs.
B) are not as prehensile as primate feet.
C) may have three to five digits, depending on the species.
D) typically are armed with large, imposing claws.
E) have palms that are covered in hair (for protection and insulation).

Answer 3

in most species exhibit opposable thumbs.

Question 4

Loris-like prosimian primates are found

A) only in southeast Asia.
B) in Central and South America.
C) in southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.
D) only on the island of Madagascar.
E) only in sub-Saharan Africa.

Question 5

The spectacular and specialized locomotion characteristic of gibbons and siamangs, the lesser apes, is known as

A) quadrupedalism.
B) brachiation.
C) vertical clinging and leaping.
D) bipedalism.
E) knuckle walking.

Question 6

Lemurs, lorises and tarsiers are all

A) prosimians.
B) monkeys.
C) Ceboids.
D) lesser apes.
E) anthropoids.

Question 7

According to the IUCN's recent list of the world's most endangered primates, which country is home to the greatest number of endangered primate species?

A) China.
B) Madagascar.
C) Tanzania.
D) Peru.
E) Ghana.

Question 8

For primates that are diurnal

A) big eyes are an important adaptive trait.
B) large canines are an important adaptive trait.
C) the sense of smell is heightened.
D) group life may be an important adaptive trait.
E) brain size is not as important for survival.

Question 9

The anthropoid primate suborder is divided into two main groups; these are

A) the strepsirhines and the haplorhines.
B) the tarsiers and the hominoids.
C) the platyrrhines and the cercopithecoids.
D) the cercopithecoids and the hominoids.
E) the platyrrhines and the catarrhines.

Question 10

________ are a group of primates that live mostly in trees, are noted for their colourful newborns, have been observed letting other members of the group handle newborns shortly after birth.

A) Baboons
B) Chimpanzees
C) Colobine Monkeys
D) Macaques
E) Siamangs

Question 11

The primary form of locomotion by gorillas is

A) brachiation.
B) jumping and leaping.
C) bipedalism.
D) knuckle-walking.
E) climbing.

Question 12

The primate tendency toward omnivory is reflected in their teeth. Which of the following does not apply to omnivorous primate species?

A) The premolars are unspecialized chewing teeth.
B) The canines have been lost in the course of primate evolution.
C) The incisors are specialized.
D) The canines are very specialized, especially in prosimian primates.
E) The molars are very unspecialized, especially when compared to other mammal groups.

Question 13

Non-human primate communication is a closed system because

A) different calls are combined often to produce new meanings.
B) different calls are not combined to produce new meanings.
C) individual utterances can not have multiple meanings.
D) multiple utterances can have the same meaning.
E) utterances are combined with body language to produce meaning.

Question 14

Primate use the following methods of communication.

A) sound
B) odour
C) body movement
D) All of the Above
E) A and B only

Question 15

What is the most likely means by which ancestral lemurs travelled to Madagascar from mainland Africa?

A) Swimming.
B) Island hopping.
C) Rafting.
D) Leaping.
E) Walking.

Question 16

Strepsirhines are those primates that

A) have wet noses.
B) include lemurs only.
C) include lorises only.
D) do not include lemurs or lorises.
E) include tarsiers and anthropoids.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a reason why play is important in the development of young primates?

A) Play is important for learning.
B) Play is a way to learn social skills.
C) Play can help to establish social dominance relationships.
D) Play allows youngsters to practice physical skills useful to avoiding predators.
E) Play activity helps to stimulate their appetites.

Question 18

Primates have large brains relative to body size; perhaps because

A) primates have small bodies.
B) they have colour vision.
C) primates have heads that are bigger than most other mammals.
D) their survival depends on an enormous amount of learning.
E) they learn very quickly.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a feature common to primates and other members of the class Mammalia?

A) body hair
B) being warm-blooded
C) birth of live young
D) infants nurse from the mother's mammary glands
E) infants are independent from parents immediately after birth

Question 20

An endocast is a

A) the base of the skull.
B) fossilized impression of the brain.
C) structure in the throat to prevent choking.
D) a part of the brain responsible for vision.
E) a part of the brain in primates responsible for speech.

Question 21

Platyrrhine primates have narrow noses with nostrils that face downwards.

Question 22

Arboreal primates tend to be larger than terrestrial ones.

Question 23

Old World monkeys are more closely related to New World monkeys than they are to apes and humans.

Question 24

In humans the larynx is high which allows for speech.

Question 25

In humans, females tend to have wider pelvises than males.

Question 26

Field studies of primate behaviour indicate that males usually attempt to mate with any females ready to mate.

Question 27

What is the difference between prosimians and strepsirhines?

Question 28

Why has evolution made humans so smart? Compare some of the theories that have been put forth.

Question 29

Skeletal evidence for language includes reduced flexion of the basicranium.

Question 30

The primate reproductive system sets this order of animals apart from other mammals.

Question 31

Primates are characterized by stereoscopic vision.

Question 32

In large groups of rhesus monkeys, behaviour seems to be determined by a degree of biological relatedness.

Question 33

Many lemur species, particularly those that are diurnal, are solitary during their active hours.

Question 34

In primates, maternal care and play are relatively minor components of normal development.