Deck 9: Geographies of Development.

Question 1

The fundamental goal of the U.N.'s Millennium Development program is to:

A) protect the environment.
B) support sustainable development.
C) increase food production.
D) reduce pollution.
E) reduce poverty.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

World-system theory, if applied to the modern world, would argue that:

A) virtually all of the world is part of the connected global system.
B) core states are declining in number.
C) peripheral regions are the areas that are still colonies.
D) semi-peripheral regions have very labor-intensive industries.
E) there has been very little change in the status of Africa and Latin America since 1970.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

_____________ is based on the idea that the price of a good or service in one country should equal the price of that same good or service in another country when it is converted to a common currency.

A) PPP
B) GNI
C) GDP
D) HDI
E) SAP

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The Gini coefficient for income inequality in Brazil is 59.3. This means that:

A) Brazil has one of the most equitable income distributions in the world.
B) Brazil has 59 % of the wealth of South America.
C) Brazil has a more equitable distribution of income than the world as a whole.
D) Brazil has poor people, but does not have extreme poverty.
E) Brazil is a more developed country.

Question 5

________________ became the cornerstone of the neoliberal development model during the 1980s and 1990s, and they influenced the policies of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.

A) The classical models of development
B) Normative projects
C) Structural adjustment programs
D) Sustainable developments
E) Conventional developments

Question 6

Purchasing power parity is used to study development because it reduces the effect of differences in currency values and the impact of changing exchange rates.

Question 7

Economic reforms associated with structural adjustment programs typically include:

A) increased government spending on needed social services.
B) reduce exports to support local industries.
C) reduce government regulation of the economy.
D) carefully monitor and regulate foreign investment.
E) modernize state owned enterprises.

Question 8

The terms First World and Third World have fallen out of use because they reinforce the negative stereotype that less developed countries are backward.

Question 9

The poverty line used in the United States has been adopted by the World Bank to measure extreme poverty worldwide.

Question 10

Most geographers no longer use sociodemographic and environmental measures of development because:

A) economic measures are more accurate.
B) the literacy rate has little impact on future development.
C) almost everyone now has access to safe drinking water already.
D) sustainable development is no longer a U.N. goal.
E) actually, socio demographic and environmental measures can help identify development challenges.

Question 11

Development is influenced by dependency because:

A) dominant states produce key resources.
B) dependent states lack economic resources and power.
C) international trade tends to benefit states that produce needed agricultural products.
D) wealthy states become dependent on imported goods.
E) lack of workers is a barrier to development in dependent states.

Question 12

All of the following are examples of policy-related factors affecting income distribution except for ____________.

A) taxation.
B) labor.
C) slavery.
D) international trade.
E) immigration.

Question 13

The human development index score of .965 for a country indicates that most citizens struggle with daily life.

Question 14

Rostow's classical model of development called for:

A) a reduction in foreign trade.
B) expansion of agriculture.
C) investment that would allow more manufacturing.
D) multiple approaches to development within a country.
E) creating a sustainable level of development.

Question 15

The trickle-down theory of development argues that global trade will widen the gap between the rich and the poor.

Question 16

The international division of labor describes the assignment of different tasks of production to different regions of the world.

Question 17

Structural adjustment programs have the advantage of being locally developed and locally administered development programs.

Question 18

The United Nations has established an extreme poverty level that is $2 per person per day.

Question 19

Dependency theory is based on Rostow's Stages of Development.

Question 20

Income inequality is associated with a lower incidence of poverty, which in turn, can deter investment and development.