Deck 10: Changing Geographies of Industry and Services.

Question 1

One of the worst indicators of a knowledge-based economy is the amount spent on research and development (R&D).

Answer 1

False

Question 2

A person working in a restaurant, hotel, or a hair salon, is employed in the tertiary sector of the economy.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Primary industries are industries that extract natural resources from the earth.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The global impact of offshoring includes:

A) growth of manufacturing jobs in developed countries.
B) creation of a new international division of labor with more manufacturing in peripheral countries.
C) more manufacturing profits captured by developing countries.
D) more global impacts on production, but less on component production and sales.
E) relocation of corporate headquarters to offshore locations.

Question 5

The Fordist production model is used today to create vertically integrated multinational firms.

Question 6

Staple theory argues that primary resource production will positively affect a region if:

A) the primary material is exported.
B) forward and backward linkages develop locally.
C) the primary product is needed around the world.
D) the region had only one staple resource.
E) commodity dependency increased over time.

Question 7

The Industrial Revolution describes the development of the first manufacturing in the world.

Question 8

The loss of industrial employment, typically in more developed countries, is termed:

A) outsourcing.
B) deindustrialization.
C) direct linkages.
D) economic globalization.
E) automation.

Question 9

Outsourcing is the transfer of a business activity to a location in another country.

Question 10

By the 1970's, emerging NIE's were located primarily in:

A) Europe.
B) Asia.
C) South America.
D) North America.
E) Africa.

Question 11

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?

A) In Russia because of the government control of factories.
B) In the United States because of extensive natural resources.
C) In France because of skilled labor.
D) In England because of capital and technological innovation.
E) In China because of a long history of manufacturing.

Question 12

Postindustrial societies are characterized by high levels of urbanization and reliance on information and communication technologies.

Question 13

The local cost of labor and energy are considered site factors that affect the location of industries.

Question 14

Maquiladoras in Mexico:

A) produce for the growing Mexican consumer market
B) are seeking to be designated an export processing zone.
C) have led to expanded manufacturing jobs in the Mexico City area.
D) are no longer permitted under the North American Free Trade Agreement.
E) have seen a recent drop in employment due to the weak U.S. economy.

Question 15

If the process of agglomeration was at work in your hometown, you would expect to see:

A) businesses spread out across the community.
B) the spatial clustering of economic activities in one part of town.
C) the development of Fordist factories.
D) reduced Quaternary activities.
E) the development of commodity changes within the community.

Question 16

Globally, the expansion of service sector employment has significantly increased the employment of women.

Question 17

Efforts to create jobs and local development with knowledge-based jobs is known as:

A) creating a technopole with R&D firms.
B) building a postindustrial society.
C) Fordism.
D) expansion of tourism industries.
E) globalization.

Question 18

The manufacturer who produced the shirt you just purchased used the just-in-time delivery method. This means that:

A) the shirt probably arrived in the store within the last few days since it wasn't on clearance.
B) to be able to meet demand quickly, the manufacturer probably has a large warehouse of supplies.
C) the manufacturer ordered supplies in smaller quantities as needed.
D) production of the shirt was in limited quantities and styles.
E) the shirt was produced by a modern factory in the United States.

Question 19

Job losses in manufacturing and core countries raise questions about the causes and consequences of:

A) services.
B) technopoles .
C) the Industrial Revolution.
D) deindustrialization.
E) manufacturing value added.

Question 20

The growth of export-processing zone production has stopped since the cost of production has increased substantially there.