Deck 19: Conclusion: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Question 1

The ________ approach includes a focus on the heritability of some aspects of personality.

A) trait
B) biological
C) humanistic
D) social learning

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Funder identifies most strongly with the psychoanalytic approach to personality.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

One view of the different approaches to personality psychology is that each one ________.

A) addresses the same basic questions as the other approaches
B) largely addresses different questions about personality
C) makes fundamental advances that surpass the one that preceded it
D) lacks scientific rigor

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that Funder believes is important for selecting a personality approach to use in your own work?

A) whether the approach is right or wrong
B) whether the approach addresses topics you wish to understand
C) whether you find the approach interesting
D) whether you think you can use the approach to add knowledge to psychology

Question 5

Personality traits are good predictors of single behaviors in particular situations.

Question 6

The ________ approach focuses on rewards and punishment and how behavior is a function of the situation.

A) trait
B) biological
C) humanistic
D) learning

Question 7

The ________ approach focuses on individual differences that make every person unique.

A) trait
B) cognitive
C) humanistic
D) learning

Question 8

Funder believes that the lack of a single unified approach to thoughts, feelings, and behaviors might ultimately prove to be the greatest weakness of psychology.

Question 9

Each personality paradigm effectively addresses its own key concerns ________.

A) and has corresponding therapeutic interventions that will change behavior
B) as well as the concerns of the other paradigms
C) and attempts to explain the functioning of the unconscious
D) but tends to ignore pretty much everything else

Question 10

There are actually multiple ways to structure an introduction to personality psychology.

Question 11

According to the text, you should judge an approach to studying personality by its ________.

A) ability to best explain all of the facts about human nature
B) ability to explain unconscious processes
C) usefulness
D) ability to integrate affective and cognitive mechanisms

Question 12

There is considerable value in maintaining an awareness of different approaches to personality.

Question 13

Which approach does Funder most closely identify with?

A) cognitive
B) biological
C) trait
D) cross-cultural

Question 14

The limited perspective afforded by the different approaches to personality impedes scientific progress.

Question 15

Some of the more important choices individuals make in their lives involve selecting environments.

Question 16

All of the personality approaches are both right and wrong in some respects.

Question 17

The ________ approach emphasizes perception, motivations, and the self.

A) cognitive
B) biological
C) trait
D) cross-cultural

Question 18

The ________ approach focuses on moment-to-moment conscious experience, free will, and the ability to choose important aspects of one's reality.

A) trait
B) cognitive
C) humanistic
D) learning

Question 19

George Kelly believed that it was possible to view the same objective facts from different psychological perspectives.

Question 20

It would be extremely difficult to integrate trait and cognitive approaches to personality.

Question 21

Why is it important to maintain an awareness of alternative approaches to the study of personality?

Question 22

Imagine you are asked to give the lecture in Psychology 101 (Introduction to Psychology) that covers personality psychology. You have a very limited amount of time to expose students to this subdiscipline. What are you going to cover? What findings are you going to emphasize and why? You should strive to present cross-cutting themes that cover multiple approaches to personality.

Question 23

What are the three most important core themes you learned from the textbook and your personality class? You must clearly justify why these themes are important and why they offer critical insights into human nature. How can these themes be applied to everyday life in terms of understanding your own behavior or the behavior of those around you?

Question 24

Draw on what you have learned about personality psychology to support the argument that the most important choices you make in life are the environments that you select.