Deck 10: Gender: Expectations, Roles, and Behaviors

Question 1

In terms of same-sex friendships, boys tend to have ________ groups of friends, while girls typically have ________ groups of friends.

A)closer; distant
B)smaller; larger
C)happier; unhappier
D)larger; smaller

Answer 1

D
Explanation: Researchers have found that boys tend to have larger groups of friends, while girls have smaller groups of friends.

Question 2

As an infant, Suzie was diagnosed with ________, which is caused by the lack of, or damage to, one of the pair of X chromosomes.

A)Klinefelter syndrome
B)complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
C)hermaphroditism
D)Turner syndrome

Answer 2

D
Explanation: Turner syndrome is caused by lack of, or damage to, one pair of the X chromosomes.

Question 3

Christopher has been diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome.If he displayed the most common physical signs and symptoms, these would include all the following except ________.

A)breast development in puberty
B)tendency to be shorter than average
C)smaller than normal testicles
D)lack of facial hair

Answer 3

B
Explanation: Individuals with Klinefelter syndrome typically have breast development at puberty, smaller than normal testicles, and lack facial hair.

Question 4

Kyle is genetically a male; this means he received a(n) ________.

A)X chromosome from his mother, and a Y chromosome from his father
B)Y chromosome from his mother, and a Y chromosome from his father
C)X chromosome from his mother, and an X chromosome from his father
D)Y chromosome from his mother, and an X chromosome from his father

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

A)"Sex" and "gender" are both dichotomous classifications.
B)"Sex" refers to biological characteristics, whereas "gender" is the social construction of femininity and masculinity.
C)"Sex" and "gender" refer to the same thing.
D)Both "sex" and "gender" are biological constructs.

Question 6

Pat's gender identity is the opposite of his biological sex.He would be referred to as ________.

A)having an identity crisis.
B)confused.
C)transgender.
D)dysfunctional.

Question 7

According to the text, celebrities such as David Bowie, Grace Jones, RuPaul, Peaches, and Chris Colfer could be called ________, because through their dress, actions, and attitudes they challenge what it means to be male or female, man or woman, masculine or feminine.

A)gender-benders
B)confused gender
C)gender dysphoric
D)gender identifiers

Question 8

Instead of the typical XY pairing, some males may have an XXY chromosome configuration that may result in ________.

A)Klinefelter syndrome
B)complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
C)hermaphroditism
D)Turner syndrome

Question 9

The gender effects of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) on girls have found ________.

A)they are overly feminine in their patterns of behaviors
B)they tend to develop the usual patterns of sex-typed behaviors
C)they tend to engage in many sex-atypical behaviors
D)no difference in sex-typed behavior

Question 10

In the presence of the Y sex chromosome, male hormones, called ________ are secreted, causing the fetus to develop testicles, a penis, and male internal sexual anatomy.

A)estradiol
B)HCG
C)androgens
D)progesterone

Question 11

Your ________ was determined at conception, but your ________ developed during the months and years after conception.

A)maleness; femaleness
B)sex; gender
C)gender; sex
D)sexual desire; gender identification

Question 12

________ is something we learn or construct for ourselves based upon our social and cultural experiences in childhood and throughout life.

A)Gender equity
B)Gender
C)Sex
D)Androgyny

Question 13

Like most children, Bev and Barbie's ideas of gender roles are affected by all of the following except ________.

A)the types of toys they are given to play with
B)the way their parents interact with them
C)watching male and female characters on TV
D)how much testosterone they have

Question 14

The most common conditions associated with Turner syndrome include all the following except ________.

A)soft upturned fingernails
B)slow or no sexual development in puberty
C)excessive tallness
D)heart abnormalities

Question 15

Society influences and molds the behavior of its members through a process known as ________.

A)scripting
B)role play
C)socialization
D)gender differentiation

Question 16

Intersexed babies are born with the following conditions except they________.

A)are genetically male but have external genitals that are completely female
B)are genetically female but have external genitals that are completely male
C)are genetically female but have external genitals that are ambiguous
D)have no genetic sex

Question 17

If Karen and Beth are pretty typical of most children, they will have a preference for friends and playmates of ________.

A)their own sex
B)different sexes
C)different ages
D)all the same ages

Question 18

________ was the first widely publicized person to receive sex reassignment surgery; a pioneer in the social awareness of transgender issues.

A)Christine McAuliffe
B)Christine Applebee
C)Christine Martin
D)Christine Jorgensen

Question 19

________ refers to the masculinity-femininity dimension of our basic nature as humans.

A)Sex
B)Orientation
C)Gender
D)Self-concept

Question 20

In the story of the mother who was concerned that people be able to tell that her baby was a girl, what did the mother do to ensure that her baby would not be mistaken for a boy?

A)had her ears pierced
B)taped a pink bow to the child's bald head
C)had a sign made that said "I am a girl"
D)dressed her only in pink

Question 21

________ refers to transgender persons who, in varying degrees, transition from their biological sex to the sex that conforms to their gender identity.

A)Transsexual
B)Transvestite
C)Gender dysphoric
D)Bisexual

Question 22

Male-to-female sexual reassignment surgery may involve all of the following except ________.

A)metadioplasty
B)orchiectomy
C)vaginoplasty
D)penectomy

Question 23

Approximately ________ of the characters in television programs are male.

A)25%
B)50%
C)65%
D)80%

Question 24

________ refers to the desire or insistence that one is of the other sex, combined with persistent discomfort about one's biological sex or a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex.

A)Homosexuality
B)Gender inconsistency
C)Transvestism
D)Gender identity disorder

Question 25

________ refers to which gender a person is primarily attracted to, romantically, emotionally, and sexually.

A)Dysphoria
B)Sexual orientation
C)Preference
D)Gender identity

Question 26

Children who grow up without television tend to be ________.

A)more stereotyped in their attitudes about gender
B)less stereotyped in their attitudes about gender
C)no different in their attitudes about gender
D)unclear in their attitudes about gender

Question 27

Phonosurgery refers to a procedure to ________.

A)remove facial hair
B)enlarge breasts
C)raise voice pitch
D)remove testicles

Question 28

Audry is now ________ years old, and like most children her age, she now has a clear sense of the difference between masculine and feminine sex roles in the culture.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 29

________ is commonly known as a "sex-change operation."

A)Sexual reconstruction
B)Sex reassignment surgery
C)Genital mutilation
D)Cosmetic surgery

Question 30

Looking around the annual Halloween party, the teacher notes that, just like last year, ________ of Halloween costumes are gender-appropriate.

A)25%
B)30%
C)65%
D)90%

Question 31

When male-to-female transsexuals receive the female hormones estrogen and progesterone, all of the following changes are likely to result except that ________.

A)breasts enlarge
B)fat deposits on the hips
C)growth of facial hair decreases
D)voice deepens

Question 32

When female-to-male transsexuals receive the male hormone testosterone, all of the following changes are likely to result except that ________.

A)voice deepens
B)body hair growth increases
C)muscles enlarge
D)fat deposits on hips

Question 33

One of the strongest and most widely accepted stereotypes is that male humans are ________ than female humans.

A)less active
B)more aggressive
C)more cooperative
D)less personable

Question 34

A ________ individual may be a biological male who perceives herself as female, and is uncomfortable with her male sexual body and society's expectations that she "behaves like a male."

A)transvestite
B)hermaphrodic
C)transgender
D)gender incoherenent

Question 35

If John is typical of how math and science teachers view boys, which of the following would be true?

A)His teachers will provide more homework.
B)His teachers will have more negative attitudes toward him as compared to the girls.
C)His teachers will have more positive attitudes and maintain higher expectations.
D)His teachers will assume he is not as good in math as science.

Question 36

________ refers to children's understanding that a person's gender stays the same even if the person violates expected, traditional sex role behaviors.

A)Gender identification
B)Gender equality
C)Gender constancy
D)Gender stability

Question 37

If Pat is receiving therapy for gender anxiety issues involving being transgender, his therapy most likely revolves around ________.

A)helping him understand and accept himself for who he is
B)helping him figure out what caused this disorder
C)assisting Pat in practicing behaviors to revert back to the correct gender
D)conversion therapy

Question 38

If Tony is like most preschool children in the U.S., he watches TV an average of ________ per week.

A)3 hours
B)12 hours
C)30 hours
D)48 hours

Question 39

Men are ________ as likely as women to be portrayed as problem-solvers in television programs.

A)twice
B)three times
C)four times
D)five times

Question 40

________ is an assumption about a person based solely on his or her gender.

A)Gender stereotype
B)Gender identity
C)Sexual role
D)Androgyny

Question 41

When it comes to research on intuition, the findings show that ________ at "reading people."

A)women and men are equally good
B)women are better than men
C)men are better than women
D)There is not enough research to know if there is a difference.

Question 42

What we know about communication between the sexes is that ________.

A)males and females communicate similarly
B)males tend to use more language
C)males and females communicate differently
D)females are more likely to communicate poorly

Question 43

When researchers find gender differences - such as men's sexual interest and desires are greater than women's - they are basing their conclusions on ________.

A)averages
B)assumptions
C)qualitative evaluations
D)faulty statistics

Question 44

Further refinement of the androgyny concept looks at those traits that are all of the following except ________.

A)desirable feminine traits
B)undesirable feminine and masculine traits
C)desirable masculine traits
D)undesirable genetic traits

Question 45

The ________ argument downplays genetic influences and focuses on sociocultural factors as responsible for producing gender differences.

A)nature
B)nurture
C)gender
D)sex

Question 46

Bem's Sex-Role Inventory allows a person to determine his or her degree of each of the following except ________.

A)masculinity
B)femininity
C)androgyny
D)intersexuality

Question 47

Social alienation refers to all of the following except ________.

A)shunning
B)malicious gossip
C)spreading negative rumors
D)shyness

Question 48

Numerous researchers have suggested that the psychological advantages experienced by people who score high in androgyny may be due to the presence of ________.

A)feminine traits
B)positive qualities in general
C)masculine traits
D)high self-esteem

Question 49

Men tend to express personal problems to those they are close to because they ________.

A)think it feels good
B)want support and understanding
C)want a solution
D)like to hear themselves talk

Question 50

The ________ argument contends that differences are rooted in our biology and are passed down to us through our genetic heritage.

A)nature
B)nurture
C)gender
D)sex

Question 51

When it comes to differences in sexual attitudes and desires, women are more likely to display all of the following except ________.

A)focusing on the relationship aspects of sexual activities
B)romanticizing sexual experiences
C)seeing the goals of sex as building intimacy and experiencing affection
D)more tolerance of casual encounters

Question 52

When we add social alienation to the definition of aggressive relational behavior, we find that ________.

A)boys are still more aggressive than girls
B)girls are still less aggressive as boys
C)girls are equally or more aggressive than boys
D)boys do not know how to act this way

Question 53

As a person who is capable of integrating both masculinity and femininity into his gender role, Pat would be considered ________.

A)transsexual
B)androgynous
C)homosexual
D)undifferentiated

Question 54

Studies have found that people who are more androgynous appear to be ________ than those who are strongly sex-typed.

A)more confused
B)happier and better adjusted
C)more immature
D)less stable

Question 55

When examining gender differences, the author points out that it is important to not only consider averages, but also to consider ________.

A)who is highest
B)who is lowest
C)how the two groups overlap
D)how they diverge

Question 56

When it comes to differences in sexual attitudes and desires, men (compared to women) have been found to display all of the following except being ________.

A)more accepting of premarital sex
B)less disapproving of extramarital affairs
C)more tolerant of casual encounters
D)more concerned about what others think

Question 57

If Darcy is like most women, she tends to express personal problems to those she is close to because she ________.

A)thinks it feels good
B)wants support and understanding
C)wants a solution
D)likes to hear herself talk

Question 58

Some have argued that differences exist in humans as part of nature's grand design that has enabled humans to survive and evolve as a species.From this perspective, the reason men are more aggressive and women are more intuitive is that these characteristics are considered ________.

A)gender stereotypes
B)adaptive mechanisms
C)survival of the fittest
D)biological requirements

Question 59

Sandra Bem's groundbreaking gender research in the 1970s proposed ________.

A)a two-dimensional model of gender
B)a better way to think of masculinity
C)additional categories for femininity
D)new names for those who are transgendered

Question 60

________ refers to people who perceive themselves as having both strong masculine and strong feminine traits.

A)Transsexual
B)Undifferentiated
C)Androgynous
D)Transgender

Question 61

Hormones are not thought to play a role in the development of gender-typed behavior.

Question 62

Not all XXY males will develop the characteristics of Klinefelter syndrome, and some may never even know they have the extra chromosome.

Question 63

Studies have shown that parents typically describe their infant in the same way, no matter what the sex of the baby.

Question 64

Gender differences are so socially ingrained in most of us that we have trouble violating our expectations, even if we are made acutely aware of them.

Question 65

According to the text, few human characteristics define us more than our gender.

Question 66

A person's sex and gender identity are two separate expressions of who that person is as a sexual being.

Question 67

Christine Jorgensen's sex-change operation was the first to receive worldwide media attention, and she did not shy away from the publicity.

Question 68

Biology is the sole determinant of a child's gender.

Question 69

The desire for same-sex playmates is seen in nearly every culture worldwide and in many nonhuman animals.

Question 70

Ronda's biology class is reviewing the symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome.The symptoms are untreatable, and males with the disorder are usually unable to live normal, healthy lives.

Question 71

The tactics used for persuasion for boys and girls are different; boys learn from their peers' "controlling tactics," whereas girls develop "obliging strategies."

Question 72

Hilary is a lesbian.She wonders why.Hormones may have played a role in the development of her sexual orientation.

Question 73

Research has found that the genitals of male and female human fetuses are indistinguishable until about the 12ᵗʰ week of pregnancy.

Question 74

Intersex individuals are born with half male anatomy and half female anatomy.

Question 75

Both the father and the mother determine the genetic sex of a child.

Question 76

Due to hormonal abnormalities, virtually all Turner syndrome individuals are infertile.

Question 77

Turner syndrome is far less common than Klinefelter syndrome, affecting only one in 2,000 to 2,500 female births.

Question 78

The practice of surgical alteration of intersex babies has become widely accepted.

Question 79

Gender and your gender identity are more about who you are as a person than simply about what sex you are.

Question 80

A person's gender is more analogous to the concept of a biological trait than a personality characteristic.