Deck 2: The Basics of Ethics

Question 1

Respect for others whose beliefs, practices, religions, or customs may differ from our own is called:

A) integrity.
B) values.
C) utilitarianism.
D) tolerance.

Answer 1

D
Tolerance is respect for others whose beliefs, practices, religions, or customs may differ from our own. Tolerance must be practiced by all healthcare providers in all fields. We do not have to agree with or condone the behaviors, beliefs, or practices of another individual but can never pass judgment by our actions or words against another.

Question 2

Values are:

A) thoughts a person has.
B) principles one chooses to live by.
C) knowing right from wrong.
D) one's integrity.

Answer 2

B
Values are the principles that an individual chooses to live by. Although these may be personal values, they are also the qualities that drive most ethical behavioral models for groups.

Question 3

The principle of "doing no harm" is called:

A) integrity.
B) beneficence.
C) nonmaleficence.
D) autonomy.

Answer 3

C
Nonmaleficence is part of a physician's oath to do no harm. In bioethical terms, the principle of nonmaleficence means that healthcare professionals should avoid harming a patient.

Question 4

Actions that show respect for human dignity, such as being honest and putting the patient first, reflect which of the following principles?

A) Integrity
B) Justice
C) Beneficence
D) Nonmaleficence

Question 5

In the seven-step decision-making model, what is the first step that should be taken?

A) Determine the exact ethical issue involved.
B) Determine the rules, laws, principles, or values are involved.
C) Determine all the facts of the situation.
D) List all possible courses of action.

Question 6

Who is the most important person in the healthcare organization's code of ethics?

A) Healthcare professional
B) Patient
C) Physician
D) Hospital administrator

Question 7

If there is one heart available for transplant and healthcare professionals must make the decision as to who gets the heart, which bioethical principle is involved?

A) Integrity
B) Beneficence
C) Nonmaleficence
D) Justice

Question 8

This ethics theory is based on character traits and qualities of individuals.

A) Teleology
B) Virtue-based ethics
C) Rights-based ethics
D) Justice-based ethics

Question 9

The definition of ethics is:

A) the values that influence human behavior.
B) tying our actions to what is right or wrong.
C) one's moral principles.
D) all of the above.

Question 10

Ethical theory based on the greatest good for the greatest number is called:

A) integrity.
B) values.
C) utilitarianism.
D) tolerance.

Question 11

The reason that most people enter the healthcare field is grounded in the principle of:

A) nonmaleficence.
B) integrity.
C) beneficence.
D) justice.

Question 12

Medical ethics committees formed in very large medical facilities:

A) make decisions with the physicians' input only.
B) make decisions based on logic and the codes and standards of the facility.
C) make decisions based on emotions.
D) make decisions with the patient's input only.

Question 13

When healthcare professionals attempt to improve the situations surrounding the patient, they are practicing which of the following principles?

A) Autonomy
B) Beneficence
C) Bioethics
D) Nonmaleficence

Question 14

This type of ethics theory emphasizes the specific person and does not consider the general population.

A) Teleology
B) Deontology
C) Rights-based ethics
D) Justice-based ethics

Question 15

Principles that individuals choose to live by are called:

A) integrity.
B) values.
C) utilitarianism.
D) tolerance.

Question 16

Unwavering adherence to an individual's values and principles with dedication to high standards is:

A) integrity.
B) values.
C) utilitarianism.
D) tolerance.

Question 17

What is the first question one should ask when making ethical business decisions?

A) Is it true?
B) Is it legal?
C) Is it balanced?
D) How does it make me feel?

Question 18

In the Dr. Bernard Lo clinical model method of decision making, one should first:

A) clarify the ethical issue.
B) determine the pros and cons of each option.
C) determine the exact ethical issue involved.
D) gather information.

Question 19

This ethical theory is based on the obligation of the individual to perform his or her responsibility no matter the circumstance.

A) Teleology
B) Deontology
C) Rights-based ethics
D) Justice-based ethics

Question 20

"Justice is blind" ethics theory is considered:

A) teleology.
B) virtue-based ethics.
C) rights-based ethics.
D) justice-based ethics.

Question 21

What is accreditation?

A) Officially recognizing a person or organization for meeting standards established by an industry
B) Obtaining enough continuing education credits
C) Recognizing the achievements of healthcare providers publicly
D) Recognizing a healthcare provider for their years of service

Question 22

What is the difference between ethics and laws?

A) Illegal acts are most likely unethical.
B) Unethical acts are illegal.
C) Ethical acts are legal.
D) Legal acts are ethical.

Question 23

What is the principle that ethics should be based on what is consistent and fair to everybody?

A) Beneficence
B) Nonmaleficence
C) Autonomy
D) Justice

Question 24

What is medical etiquette when dealing with patients?

A) Sharing their file with others
B) Treating them with respect and tolerance
C) Letting their family know what is happening with the patient
D) Treating them like family members

Question 25

An important program each healthcare facility should have is:

A) an open policy to speak to any physician.
B) educational assistance for continuing education.
C) employee benefits that include healthcare.
D) quality assurance programs.