Deck 8: Managing Change and Innovation

Question 1

Two possible tactics for overcoming resistance to change are coercion and negotiation.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

A change agent is an OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Training is one of the most frequently used approaches to changing people's mindsets.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The horizontal linkage model is increasingly important in high pressure business environments that require rapidly developing and commercializing products and services.

Question 5

In the unfreezing step,participants must be made aware of problems and be willing to change.

Question 6

Confrontation,authoritarianism,and disciplined exploration are characteristics of the creative individuals.

Question 7

Organizational development involves the application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organization's effectiveness and success.

Question 8

Mergers/acquisitions,organizational decline,and conflict management are the three types of current problems that organizational development managers face.

Question 9

Survey feedback enhances the cohesiveness and success of organizational groups and teams.

Question 10

Restraining forces can be thought of as problems or opportunities that provide motivation for change within the organization.

Question 11

An idea incubator is in-house program that provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics.

Question 12

Lack of trust is perhaps the biggest obstacle to organizational change.

Question 13

The communication and education approach for overcoming resistance to change should be used when the change is technical and the users need accurate information and analysis to understand change.

Question 14

The acceptance of mistakes,the freedom to discuss ideas,and the assignment of nonspecialists to problems are characteristics of creative organizations or departments.

Question 15

The disparity between existing and desired performance levels is the need for change.

Question 16

Organizational change refers to the adoption of a new idea or behavior by an organization.

Question 17

A person who sees the need for and champions productive change within the organization is called an idea champion.

Question 18

People change starts with training everyone in the organization.

Question 19

An ambidextrous approach means incorporating structures and processes that are appropriate for both the creative impulse and for the systematic implementation of innovations.

Question 20

The idea in the large-group intervention is to get a sample of people who may have an interest in the organization,gather perspectives from the selected parts of the system,and allow the sample to create a collective future.

Question 21

Ashley has average technical skills but her real strengths lay in visualizing the benefits of other's ideas and in finding financial and political support for these ideas.Ashley is an excellent example of a(n):

A)critic.
B)sponsor.
C)idea champion.
D)inventor.
E)bureaucrat.

Question 22

Artful Innovations Inc.operates with open channels of communication and an established suggestion system that encourages brainstorming and freewheeling discussions.Artful Innovations can best be described as a(n)_____ type of organization.

A)experimental organization
B)cooperative organization
C)entrepreneurial organization
D)disruptive organization
E)creative organization

Question 23

Sandbox Sally's,Inc.is making some changes to the work schedules of its employees.Some of the employees are not happy with the changes.As their manager,Harry tells them that they can accept it or leave.What approach to change implementation is Harry using?

A)Negotiation
B)Top management support
C)Participation
D)Coercion
E)Education

Question 24

Which of the following provides a safe harbor where ideas from employees throughout the company can be developed without interference from company bureaucracy or politics?

A)An idea champion
B)A sponsor
C)A new-venture team
D)An idea incubator
E)An inventor

Question 25

For the compact disc industry,the advent of MP3 technology can best be described as what type of innovation?

A)Disruptive innovation
B)Service innovation
C)Productive innovation
D)Restructuring innovation
E)Reverse innovation

Question 26

When trying to overcome the resistance for change,which approach is best suited when change is technical?

A)Coercion
B)Top management support
C)Negotiation
D)Participation
E)Communication

Question 27

Jurgen is one of several middle managers sent to a training course on leadership skills.Through this effort,the organization is attempting:

A)organization change
B)organization development
C)people change
D)culture change
E)artifact change

Question 28

According to Fast Company,in 2013,_____ was ranked as the World's Most Innovative Company.

A)Nike
B)Pinterest
C)Target
D)Apple
E)Procter & Gamble

Question 29

Which of the following is a characteristic of the large-group intervention model?

A)Results in incremental change
B)Learning for the small group
C)Addresses the entire system
D)Gradual time frame
E)Limited distribution

Question 30

The horizontal linkage model is best applied to a(n):

A)low pressure environment.
B)stable environment.
C)environment that requires speed.
D)customer service environment.
E)manufacturing environment.

Question 31

The _____ approach is the most appropriate when users have the power to resist the proposed change.

A)negotiation
B)top management support
C)participation
D)coercion
E)education

Question 32

_____ is NOT a type of current problem that organizational development can help address.

A)Mergers
B)Acquisitions
C)Diversification
D)Organizational decline
E)Conflict management

Question 33

Cyrus's Resort has proposed some major structural changes within their organization.Some of the employees fear that they will lose power with the changes.They begin voicing resistance to the changes.What barrier to change are they exhibiting?

A)Disagreements about the benefits
B)Self-interests
C)A lack of understanding and trust
D)Uncertainty
E)Goals and rewards

Question 34

High-Low Productions recently appointed 75 employees and external stakeholders to a temporary group that would discuss problems and opportunities,and would gather perspectives on changes that need to take place within the company.High-Low Productions is utilizing which organizational change tool?

A)Organizational development
B)Skunkwork
C)Telecommuting
D)Focus group
E)Large-group intervention

Question 35

After every quarterly board meeting,Bernice's Bracelets,Inc.announces big changes.They usually do not follow through on these changes.What is causing this lack of enthusiasm?

A)Disagreements about the benefits
B)Self-interests
C)A lack of trust
D)Goals and assessments
E)Competitors

Question 36

Successful change requires that organizations be capable of both creating and implementing ideas,which means the organization must learn to be:

A)cordial.
B)rightsized.
C)ambidextrous.
D)compliant.
E)intra-focused.

Question 37

_____ schedule materials to arrive at a company just as they are needed on the production line.

A)Mass customization systems
B)LIFO systems
C)First-in, first-out systems
D)Just-in-time inventory systems
E)Last-in, first-out systems

Question 38

Before implementing new changes in work schedules,Trudy's Trinkets works with the union to ensure a smooth transition.What approach to change is this company using?

A)Negotiation
B)Top management support
C)Participation
D)Coercion
E)Education

Question 39

"The Brain" is a permanent secret group within one of the nation's largest auto manufacturers.Members of this elite group focus intently on developing new and innovative automobile technologies."The Brain" can best be described as what type of group or team?

A)Cross-functional team
B)Fast-cycle team
C)Brainstorming team
D)Skunkwork
E)New-venture team

Question 40

Creative organizations:

A)are characterized by an unusually high number of routine jobs.
B)are loosely structured.
C)have little ambiguity.
D)have too many layers of management.
E)use a centralized decision making approach.

Question 41

The application of behavioral science knowledge to improve an organization's health and effectiveness is known as _____ .

Question 42

A disparity between existing and desired performance levels is known as a(n)_____ .

Question 43

A(n)_____ is a separate small,informal,highly autonomous,and often secretive group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

Question 44

What is organizational change and what are two major areas of change in organizations?

Question 45

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves creating conditions and systems to facilitate internal and external coordination and knowledge sharing is known as _____ .

Question 46

The innovation strategy for changing products and technologies that involves managers putting in place processes and structures to ensure that new ideas are carried forward for acceptance and implementation is known as _____ .

Question 47

An OD specialist who contracts with an organization to facilitate change is called a(n)_____.

Question 48

List the five specific tactics that can be used to overcome employee resistance to change.

Question 49

_____ is lack of information about future events.

Question 50

_____ is the generation of novel ideas that may meet perceived needs or respond to opportunities for the organization.

Question 51

_____ symbolizes to all employees that the change is important for the organization.

Question 52

The _____ role in organizational change involves providing a "reality test."

Question 53

Some companies are practicing _____ innovation by creating innovative,low-cost products for emerging markets and then quickly and inexpensively repackaging them for sale in developed countries.

Question 54

_____ forces are the various barriers to change,such as a lack of resources,resistance from middle managers,or inadequate employee skills.

Question 55

List the four reasons why employees tend to resist change.

Question 56

_____ change is related to the organization's production process,i.e.,how the organization does its work.

Question 57

_____ means extending the search for and commercializing new ideas beyond the boundaries of the organization and even beyond the boundaries of the industry.

Question 58

A type of OD intervention in which questionnaires on organizational climate and other factors are distributed among employees and the results reported back to them by a change agent is called _____ .

Question 59

The second stage in Lewin's change model,_____ ,occurs when individuals experiment with new behavior and learn new skills to be used in the workplace.

Question 60

A type of OD intervention that enhances the cohesiveness of departments by helping members learn to function as a team is called _____.

Question 61

Describe the five characteristics of creative people and organizations.

Question 62

Describe the tactics for overcoming resistance to change.

Question 63

Explain the concept of force-field analysis.

Question 64

Explain the horizontal linkage model.

Question 65

Name and briefly describe the four roles in championing an idea for organizational change.