Deck 4: Personal Stress Management

Question 1

Paula's three year-old daughter was diagnosed with cancer and is undergoing treatment. After the initial shock wore off, Paula became determined to keep life as normal as possible for herself and her daughter.What phase of stress does this illustrate?

A)adaptive
B)alarm
C)resistance
D)exhaustion

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The body attempts to restore homeostasis during the ____.

A)alarm reaction
B)fight-or-flight response
C)adaptive response
D)resistance phase

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Christopher is working his way through college and barely making it financially.He has, however, retained his status in the honors program and seems reasonably contented and healthy.Which element below is likely to contribute to Christopher's ability to cope with workplace, academic, and financial stress?

A)good self-esteem
B)psychiatric medication
C)having a few beers after work
D)being too tired to care

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Dara explains to her friend that she is under tremendous stress because she has been unable to find a new job after being laid off.She vividly describes her initial sense of terror as she realized the implications of her job loss, her long period of searching for a new job and trying to remain optimistic, and how now, several months later, she falls apart with the slightest stress.What stress model is Dara describing?

A)adaptive response system
B)cognitive-transactional model
C)alarm reaction
D)general adaptation syndrome

Question 5

Homeostasis refers to keeping our bodies in a(n) ____.

A)unstable physiological state
B)stable and consistent physiological state
C)constant state of exhaustion
D)constant state of alertness

Question 6

Ginny has been under severe stress for a prolonged period of time when she is diagnosed with metabolic syndrome and told that she is at high risk for diabetes.What hormone may be responsible?

A)androgen
B)dopamine
C)progestin
D)cortisol

Question 7

Stress can shorten your life when it alters DNA by ____.

A)shortening telomeres
B)scrambling the genetic code
C)causing mutations
D)widespread destruction

Question 8

Burton is under extreme stress and has just been diagnosed with an ulcer.How are ulcers and stress related?

A)They are not.Burton's diagnosis is a coincidence.
B)Stress causes erosion of the lining of the stomach.
C)Stress increases susceptibility to Helicobater pylori infection.
D)Stress increases activity of the digestive system.

Question 9

Ingrid's motto seems to be, "always be prepared," and she has great confidence in her ability to cope. As a result, when she faces stress, she typically believes she can cope with the stress without harm to herself. What stress model does this exemplify?

A)general adaptation
B)cognitive transactional
C)diathesis stress
D)life events

Question 10

Cristof just heard on the TV that a major winter storm is moving in and is likely to cause serious disruptions and substantial danger.Cristof's pulse and blood pressure have increased and he is feeling stress.What phase of stress is he most likely experiencing?

A)adaptive
B)alarm
C)resistance
D)exhaustion

Question 11

Harrison lists the stressors he has experienced in the past year: roommate problems, having to move to a new apartment, academic problems, the break-up of a long-term romantic relationship, and so on. What approach to stress is Harrison illustrating?

A)general adaptation
B)cognitive transactional
C)diathesis stress
D)life events

Question 12

The body undergoes many physiological changes that occur during the fight-or-flight response.What is one of these?

A)The heart pumps less blood.
B)Breathing slows.
C)The brain becomes extra alert.
D)The digestive system speeds up.

Question 13

Stress is a(n) ____.

A)adaptive response to the body
B)resistant force on the body
C)nonspecific response on the body to any demand that is made
D)homeostasis response

Question 14

Caroline is terrified of public speaking, but must give a brief report in front of the class.In this situation, giving the public talk is a(n) ____.

A)chronic stressor
B)brief naturalistic stressor
C)stressful event sequence
D)distant stressor

Question 15

Which of the following is considered a stress hormone?

A)TSH
B)testosterone
C)cortisol
D)progestin

Question 16

Distress refers to the ____.

A)negative effects of stress
B)alarm reactions of the body
C)happy events in our life
D)adaptation of harmful events

Question 17

Lillian, raised by a single mother who suffered from terrible depression and was often hospitalized, has, herself, often struggled.After a semester filled with academic and interpersonal problems, Lillian is diagnosed with major depression.What model of stress does this best illustrate?

A)general adaptation
B)cognitive transactional
C)diathesis stress
D)life events

Question 18

Which phrase best describes eustress?

A)chronic stress
B)positive stress
C)a nonspecific response
D)negative stress

Question 19

New parents Frida and Justen are completely exhausted after the first night home with their newborn twins.While the babies are napping the next day, Frida and Justen remain wide awake and overwhelmed, yet strangely thrilled and happier at the same time.This best illustrates ____.

A)chronic stress
B)distant stress
C)acute stress
D)eustress

Question 20

Prolonged stress can ____.

A)cause brain cells to multiply
B)reduce the effectiveness of cancer treatment
C)lead to lower blood pressure
D)cause telomeres to lengthen

Question 21

After a major trauma, most people ____.

A)recover fully
B)require the assistance of psychotherapists to recover
C)will suffer from PTSD for 5-10 years
D)develop a mild form of schizophrenia

Question 22

The process of psychosocial change by which an ethnic minority changes as a consequence of contact with the ethnic majority is called ____.

A)integration
B)revisionism
C)acculturation
D)passing

Question 23

Fawn eats when she is stressed and knows she will be really stressed during exam week. Which food would be healthiest for her to stock up on?

A)cola
B)chocolate
C)whole-grain crackers
D)ice cream

Question 24

Recent changes in the economy has created an epidemic of financial stress. According to the American Psychological Association, what proportion of Americans describe their stress level as extreme?

A)about one in ten
B)one-quarter
C)one-third
D)two-thirds

Question 25

Which statement accurately describes the treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder?

A)Only medication is effective.
B)No treatment is best; it will resolve naturally.
C)Debriefing is the most effective approach.
D)No single approach works for all.

Question 26

Who among the following is most likely to experience test-related stress?

A)Laurice, a perfectionist who has never gotten a grade below an A minus
B)Harrison, who is facing academic suspension but feels he is likely to do poorly on his exams
C)Sharan, who is an average student but wants to do better
D)Andreas, who is a good student and wants to do well academically while having a good time at college

Question 27

When you use a relaxation technique that involves creating mental pictures that calm you down and focus your mind, you are using ____.

A)visualization
B)mindfulness
C)meditation
D)biofeedback

Question 28

A psychological response to an out-of-the-ordinary stressor is one definition for ____.

A)psychosis
B)an adjustment disorder
C)distress
D)posttraumatic stress disorder

Question 29

Which statement best describes the practice of yoga?

A)Yoga is less effective than aerobic exercise in producing feelings of well-being.
B)Yoga is regularly practiced by more than 25 million Americans.
C)While enjoyable, yoga has no reliable impact on physical or psychological health.
D)Yoga may reduce compounds associated with inflammation.

Question 30

If your college is similar to those included in the recent American College Health Association's assessment of stress, ____.

A)female students are nearly twice as likely as male students to report their stress is less than average.
B)more than half of students, overall, report average levels of stress.
C)male students are nearly twice as likely as female students to report higher than average levels of stress.
D)nearly one in 10 students, overall, feel they are under tremendous stress.

Question 31

Brittanie, who has herself occasionally cheated on tests and not felt badly about it, joins in harshly condemning a group of students who have been caught cheating. What defense mechanism does this illustrate?

A)denial
B)repression
C)rationalization
D)reaction formation

Question 32

Ilene just failed a test and when she gets home, snaps at her roommate for failing to put her dirty dishes in the sink. What defense mechanism does this illustrate?

A)projection
B)denial
C)rationalization
D)displacement

Question 33

Biofeedback typically employs which of the following techniques?

A)visualization of pleasant images to counteract negative emotions
B)destressing exercises with significant physical movement
C)meditation and yoga technique with little physical movement
D)electronic monitoring device to gain control over muscle tension and heart rate

Question 34

What proportion of Iraq and Afghanistan combat veterans develop post-traumatic stress disorder?

A)less than one-tenth
B)one-quarter to one-third
C)one-third to one-half
D)one-half to two-thirds

Question 35

A common response to a trauma is ____.

A)faster decision-making
B)apathy and emotional numbing
C)an increase in the amount one sleeps
D)refocusing on work

Question 36

Studies of college students with learning disabilities have found that, in comparison to students without learning disabilities, those with disabilities ____.

A)report more stress
B)are more resilient
C)have a lower need for achievement
D)show less initiative

Question 37

A modern form of an ancient Asian technique called mindfulness focuses on ____.

A)visualizing positive thoughts
B)maintaining an awareness of the present moment
C)meditating on prayers or chants
D)incorporating biofeedback

Question 38

According to the American College Health Association, what percentage of students report experiencing overwhelming anger in the past 12 months?

A)16%
B)26%
C)36%
D)46%

Question 39

You want to apply a relaxation technique that works by intentionally increasing and then decreasing tension in the muscle.What technique would you use?

A)biofeedback
B)guided imagery
C)progressive relaxation
D)meditation

Question 40

Daniel's sophomore year seems to be especially stressful. If he is like most college students, what is more likely to be causing his stress?

A)academics
B)health
C)social relationships
D)family relationships

Question 41

After his daughter Polly was kidnapped and murdered, Marc Klaas became an advocate for missing and endangered children.What does this illustrate?

A)repression
B)resilience
C)regression
D)reaction formation

Question 42

Mentally picturing a calm image of a lake is an example of ____________________.

Question 43

A defense mechanism that people use when they refuse to accept a painful reality is ____________________.

Question 44

____________________ stressors are serious challenges such as meeting a project deadline.

Question 45

_________________ encounter more problems with social adjustment and are less likely to share their experiences with family and friends, resulting in lessened social support.

Question 46

Violent, aggressive driving is called ____________________.

Question 47

Terrorism is considered to be a(n) ____________________ stressor.

Question 48

____________________ stressors include anxiety-provoking situations such as public speaking.

Question 49

To overcome procrastination, which of the following might be useful?

A)Develop ground rules for meeting your own needs.
B)Do what you like most first.
C)Tackle the whole task rather than breaking it down.
D)Forget schedules and calendars.

Question 50

Odell has just been diagnosed with cancer. Which response to the diagnosis reflects a high degree of self-efficacy?

A)having a "so what" attitude
B)believing that, with the help of doctors, he can beat the cancer
C)refusing to believe the diagnosis is fatal
D)believing that the will of a higher power will be done no matter what

Question 51

People who deal well with adversity often have had previous experiences coping with adversity that has toughened them.What is this called?

A)stress inoculation
B)self-efficacy
C)exhaustion
D)practice-effects

Question 52

Under immediate stress, the adrenal glands produce ____________________.

Question 53

Writing your feelings down is a way of working through stress, called ____________________.

Question 54

The ____________________ model explains behaviors as a result of both biological factors and nurturing factors.

Question 55

Adopting attitudes and behaviors that are the opposite of what you feel is called ____________________.

Question 56

Which statement is true of procrastination?

A)Procrastination has no benefits.
B)Students who procrastinate have fewer health problems.
C)In the short-term, procrastination results in low stress periods.
D)Younger students are more likely to procrastinate than older students.

Question 57

____________________ stress is an individual's view of how challenging life is.

Question 58

____________________ is a state of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion brought on by constant emotional pressure.

Question 59

When stressors are ongoing with no clear endpoint, they are considered to be ____________________.

Question 60

____________________ stressors are traumatic experiences that occurred long ago.

Question 61

Explain the biological theory of stress as developed by Hans Selye.

Question 62

Surviving and thriving in the face of serious trauma or adversity is known as ____________________.

Question 63

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Putting feelings into words

Question 64

A severe out-of-the-ordinary stressor such as military combat and war can lead to ____________________.

Question 65

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Experiencing the physical and mental sensations of the present moment

Question 66

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
One of the stress hormones

Question 67

Explain the ways you could cope with having witnessed an act of violence.

Question 68

Living a better, more spiritual life involves good ____________________ coping.

Question 69

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Keeping threatening feelings from becoming conscious

Question 70

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
The body's natural state of balance

Question 71

Suppose a close friend has just experienced a severely stressful natural disaster such as a massive tornado, hurricane, flood, or earthquake. Your friend is extremely upset and asks for your help. Identify three methods for coping with stress and explain them to your friend.

Question 72

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Refusal to accept a painful reality

Question 73

____________________ is the union of the mind, body, and spirit.

Question 74

Describe the relationship between stress, high blood pressure, and heart disease.

Question 75

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Redirection of feelings

Question 76

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Mental processes that help us cope with stress

Question 77

Practicing better time management can help to eliminate ____________________ in your life and reduce stress.

Question 78

Define stress and stressors.Give examples of an event that would cause eustress and distress.

Question 79

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Attribution of unacceptable feelings or impulses to someone else

Question 80

Match the items:
a.mindfulness
f.journaling
b.cortisol
g.repression
c.defense mechanisms
h.displacement
d.projection
i.guided imagery
e.homeostasis
j.denial
Creating mental pictures