Deck 15: Preventing Major Disease

Question 1

Among the Pima Indians of Arizona, _____ of adults have type 2 diabetes.

A)one-tenth
B)one-quarter
C)one-third
D)one-half

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Individuals with prediabetes:

A)have well-pronounced symptoms
B)develop type 1 diabetes
C)can develop long-term damage to heart and circulatory system
D)tend to be more physically active than the general population

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Metabolic syndrome:

A)was formerly known as type 2 diabetes
B)remains extremely uncommon in the U.S., especially among younger people
C)is a cluster of symptoms that increase risk of diabetes, stroke, and heart disease
D)is currently the disease of most concern in the U.S.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

In the U.S., diabetes

A)is the leading cause of death in adults.
B)is more common in Southern states known as the "diabetes belt."
C)rates have been steadily decreasing thanks to prevention efforts.
D)affects nearly 30% of adults.

Question 5

Individuals with diabetes should eat a diet high in

A)complex carbohydrates.
B)fat.
C)sodium.
D)low-fiber foods.

Question 6

Insulin acts in the body by:

A)letting glucose into cells
B)breaking down glucose
C)shunting glucose into the liver for metabolism
D)speeding up homeostasis

Question 7

What does your text state with regard to the impact of physical fitness on health risk?

A)For men, fitness may be LESS important than overweight or obesity.
B)For men, fitness may be MORE important than overweight or obesity.
C)For women, fitness may be LESS important than overweight or obesity.
D)For women, fitness may be MORE important than overweight or obesity.

Question 8

Systolic blood pressure is the pressure when the:

A)heart contracts
B)heart is between contractions
C)individual stands up rapidly
D)individual is sitting

Question 9

In a longitudinal study of individuals who reached age 55 with an optimal cardiometabolic risk profile, men had a risk of heart disease or heart attack of 3.6%, compared to ____ percent for the general population.

A)7.5
B)17.5
C)27.5
D)37.5

Question 10

What is the number one cause of blindness and kidney failure in the United States?

A)stroke
B)heart attack
C)hypertension
D)diabetes

Question 11

One in ____ young people in the U.S.has a high body mass index.

A)3
B)5
C)10
D)15

Question 12

About ____ percent of young people in the United States eat an "ideal" diet.

A)1
B)5
C)10
D)15

Question 13

Which statement best represents the relationship between diabetes and family history of diabetes?

A)Family history plays a role in type 1 but not type 2 diabetes.
B)Family history plays a role in type 2 but not type 1 diabetes.
C)Family history is related to type 2 diabetes in the U.S.but not elsewhere in the world.
D)Family history and environment interact in both type 1 and 2 diabetes.

Question 14

Metabolic syndrome affects _____ Americans.

A)1 in 20
B)1 in 10
C)1 in 4
D)1 in 2

Question 15

High-density lipoproteins:

A)have the highest proportion of fat
B)are good for the heart
C)are bad for the heart
D)are composed of triglycerides

Question 16

Which of the following parameters describes what is considered a healthy blood pressure reading?

A)systolic below 115, diastolic below 75
B)systolic 120-139, diastolic 80-89
C)systolic 140-159, diastolic 90-99
D)systolic above 160, diastolic above 100

Question 17

Americans get an average of ____ percent of their dietary cholesterol from meat and ____ from egg yolks.

A)16; 9
B)26; 19
C)36; 29
D)46; 39

Question 18

African Americans are ____ as likely as whites to develop hypertension.

A)half
B)twice
C)five times
D)ten times

Question 19

The term ____ refers to the heart and to the biochemical processes involved in the body's functioning.

A)cardiometabolic
B)cardiovascular
C)holistic
D)homeostatic

Question 20

Which statement accurately describes the problem of "carrying" excess weight?

A)A waist measurement of more than 35 inches increases health risk in males.
B)Visceral fat poses fewer health risks than subcutaneous fat.
C)"Apple-shaped" women are at increased health risk but "apple-shaped" men are not.
D)A "pot belly" raises health risks even when a person has a healthy weight.

Question 21

In evaluating the risk for heart disease in men, which of the following would be a desirable feature?

A)Total cholesterol above 240 mg/dL
B)LDL levels below 100 mg/dL
C)HDL levels below 40 mg/dL
D)LDL levels above 160 mg/dL

Question 22

Angina pectoris is best defined as a:

A)temporary drop in the oxygen supply to the heart that causes pain
B)hardening of the arteries typically resulting in shortness of breath
C)death of cardiac cells with no symptoms
D)spasm of the heart causes dizziness and nausea

Question 23

A ____ is a "little stroke."

A)transient ischemic attack
B)sarcoma
C)diastole
D)myocardial infection

Question 24

Which of the following is true of cancer and infectious agents?

A)Infectious agents cause nearly all of the cancers in developing nations.
B)Infectious agents cause less than 1% of cancers worldwide.
C)Infectious agents alone are typically not sufficient to cause cancer.
D)Infectious agents have been linked to cancers of reproductive organs but not to other cancers.

Question 25

The pulmonary arteries pump blood to the:

A)lungs
B)heart
C)brain
D)veins

Question 26

The term myocardial infarction describes a(n):

A)infection of the pericardium
B)heart attack
C)spasm of the heart
D)stiffening of the heart

Question 27

A woman's best tool for early detection of breast cancer is an exam called a

A)Pap smear
B)mammogram
C)mastectomy
D)breast self-exam

Question 28

Cancer that has spread is most accurately described as having _____.

A)invaded.
B)metastasized.
C)died.
D)infiltrated.

Question 29

The most common type of cancer in men is:

A)lung
B)prostate
C)colon
D)kidney

Question 30

About _____ of people with hypertension have it adequately controlled.

A)one-tenth
B)one-quarter
C)one-third
D)one-half

Question 31

When university athletes were screened with electrocardiograms, _____ percent were found to have abnormalities.

A)less than 1
B)1 to 7
C)11 to 17
D)21 to 37

Question 32

For victims of cardiac arrest, immediate use of which of the following techniques would keep the heart pumping until help arrives?

A)balloon angioplasty
B)cardiopulmonary resuscitation
C)bypass breathing
D)atrial fibrillation

Question 33

____ refers to any of a number of chronic diseases characterized by degeneration of the arteries and hardening and thickening of arterial walls.

A)Atherosclerosis
B)Arteriosclerosis
C)Myosclerosis
D)Hepatosclerosis

Question 34

What is the most common type of cancer in women?

A)lung
B)colon
C)breast
D)bladder

Question 35

The leading cause of cancer death in men and women is:

A)colon cancer
B)pancreatic cancer
C)leukemia
D)lung cancer

Question 36

The heart muscle is called the:

A)myocardium
B)endocardium
C)pericardium
D)cardiac layer

Question 37

Daily low-dose aspirin has been recommended as a preventive step for:

A)both men and women, regardless of cardiovascular risk level or age
B)both men and women at high risk of cardiovascular disease
C)women, ages 45 or older
D)men, ages 45 or older

Question 38

Which of the following is true of psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease?

A)Episodic factors like depression may increase the buildup of "unstable" plaque.
B)Chronic factors directly triggers heart attacks in individuals with pre-existing disease.
C)Chronic factors often triggers the breaking off of plaque in high risk individuals.
D)Acute factors often trigger a marked decrease in blood pressure.

Question 39

In the United States, men have a ____ lifetime risk of developing cancer; for women, the risk is ____.

A)1 in 10; 1 in 5
B)1 in 5; 1 in 10
C)1 in 3; 1 in 2
D)1 in 2; 1 in 3

Question 40

When the blood supply to a portion of the brain is blocked, a ____ may occur.

A)stroke
B)blackout
C)heart attack
D)seizure

Question 41

In the ABCDs of skin cancer, "C" refers to:

A)color
B)crusty
C)callous
D)capillary

Question 42

Epilepsy is:

A)usually fatal
B)characterized by seizures
C)increasingly common and severe
D)rarely manageable with medications

Question 43

___________________ disease accounts for one of three deaths in the United States.

Question 44

The ____________________ is a smooth membrane lining the inside of the heart.

Question 45

Asthma is most characterized by:

A)a sneezing, runny nose
B)an autoimmune response of the lungs
C)constriction of the breathing passages
D)allergy-like symptoms

Question 46

_____ is believed to set the stage for the development of gastric ulcers.

A)HPV
B)Helicobacter pylori
C)HIV
D)Epstein-Barr virus

Question 47

The procedure used to widen a clogged artery through insertion of a catheter with a tiny balloon is called ____________________.

Question 48

A tumor that is not malignant is ____________________.

Question 49

A malignant tumor may also be called a(n) ____________________ tumor.

Question 50

Total cholesterol levels should be below ____________________ mg/dL for men.

Question 51

The deadliest form of skin cancer is malignant ____________________.

Question 52

Following a meal containing fats, the bloodstream will contain ample amounts of ____________________.

Question 53

Testicular cancer is most common between ages _____.

A)5 and 17
B)18 and 35
C)36 and 65
D)66 and 85

Question 54

A disease in which the body does not produce or respond properly to insulin is ____________________.

Question 55

____________________ are drugs that work in the liver to block the production of cholesterol.

Question 56

Atherosclerosis is characterized by fatty deposits referred to as ____________________.

Question 57

A(n) ____________________ is a blood clot in an artery in the brain.

Question 58

The sac that surrounds the heart is the ____________________.

Question 59

A person with a blood pressure reading of 120/80 would be considered to have ____________________.

Question 60

____________________ is a fatty substance found in certain foods and also manufactured by the body.

Question 61

____________________ therapy is treatment with high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer.

Question 62

When a man suspects prostate cancer, he may get a(n) ____________________ screening test.

Question 63

Testicular cancer occurs most commonly among men ages _________ to _________.

Question 64

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
cardiac muscle layer

Question 65

Explain the difference between the two types of strokes and identify five risk factors for stroke.

Question 66

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
chest pain

Question 67

Describe four controllable and four uncontrollable risk factors that affect your cardiometabolic health.

Question 68

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
bleeding

Question 69

Identify the different components of blood cholesterol that would be measured on a blood test, and the healthy levels of each.

Question 70

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
deposits of fat

Question 71

Identify five symptoms of a heart attack.

Question 72

A type of treatment for breast cancer that involves surgical removal of the entire breast is called a(n) ____________________.

Question 73

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
wandering blood clot

Question 74

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
type of blood cell

Question 75

Open sores in the lining of the stomach are known as ____________________.

Question 76

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
blood cholesterol that is protective

Question 77

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
heart attack

Question 78

Describe what characterizes cancer and four major categories of cancer.List the seven warning signs of cancer.

Question 79

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
blood cholesterol that increases heart disease risk

Question 80

Match the items below with the most appropriate description.
a.plaque
f.metabolic syndrome
b.HDL
g.MI
c.myocardium
h.platelet
d.embolus
i.hemorrhage
e.LDL
j.angina pectoris
disorder of the body's metabolism