Deck 11: An Age of Modernity Anxiety and Imperialism 1894-1914

Question 1

How did the "new imperialism" differ from previous periods of European overseas expansion?

Answer 1

Answers will vary.

Question 2

What assumptions did Freud make about the workings of the human mind?

Answer 2

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Whose quantum theory raised fundamental questions about the subatomic realm of the atom?

A)Tesla
B)Einstein
C)Planck
D)Curie
E)Carver

Answer 3

Planck

Question 4

How did the place of Jews in European society change over the course of the nineteenth century?

Question 5

What did nineteenth-century women's rights activists hope to achieve?

Question 6

About what did Max Planck's quantum theory of energy raise fundamental questions?

A)The structure of stars
B)Acceptance of medieval theories of chemical reaction
C)The subatomic realm of the atom and the basic building blocks of the material world
D)The safe transmission of electrical energy for powering modern economies
E)The electro-dynamics of moving bodies

Question 7

How did the "new physics" challenge the established certainties of classical physics?

Question 8

What are the defining characteristics of modernism?

Question 9

What was the process that drove unwanted thoughts into the unconscious in Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?

A)Self-gratification
B)Neural dysfunction
C)Animal drives
D)Repression
E)Id erasure

Question 10

Compare and contrast political developments in Britain and France in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. How would you explain the differences you note?

Question 11

What led to the conflict between modernization and traditionalism in William's Germany?

Question 12

What is the superego, according to Freud's theory of psychoanalysis?

A)The center of moral conscience
B)The center of rational calculation
C)The center of animal drives
D)The center of creative imagination
E)The center of troubles

Question 13

In what two areas of science did Marie Curie win Nobel prizes?

A)Cellular biology and chemistry
B)Physics and cellular biology
C)Physics and chemistry
D)Geology and physics
E)Chemistry and astronomy

Question 14

According to Nietzsche, ____ was/were decadent and incapable of cultural creativity.

A)women
B)African societies
C)socialist political parties
D)China
E)Western bourgeois society

Question 15

What led to the scramble for Africa? How did the colonization of Africa affect relations between the European powers?

Question 16

Why did international rivalries intensify in Europe in the decade leading up to World War I

Question 17

Einstein concluded that matter was

A)not really real.
B)just another form of energy.
C)fundamentally different than energy.
D)indestructible.
E)a form of time.

Question 18

What did Friedrich von Bernhardi see as essential for human progress?

A)War
B)Tolerance
C)Equality
D)Slavery
E)Peace

Question 19

Compare and contrast the responses of China and Japan to European and American imperialism?

Question 20

Marie and Paul Curie discovered

A)platinum.
B)radium.
C)xenon.
D)krypton.
E)helium.

Question 21

Artists embracing ____ used geometric designs as visual stimuli to re-create reality in the viewer's mind.

A)Surrealism
B)Cubism
C)Impressionism
D)Neo-Romanticism
E)Post-Impressionism

Question 22

What was the first professional occupation opened up to women?

A)Efficiency expert
B)Lawyer
C)Business management
D)Engineering
E)Teaching

Question 23

By the late nineteenth century, the worst treatment of Jews occurred in which area?

A)Italy
B)Germany
C)France
D)Western Europe
E)Eastern Europe

Question 24

What was a chief belief of Symbolists?

A)The supremacy of science over religion
B)The fundamental rationality of existence
C)The inability to obtain objective knowledge of the world
D)The functionality of art
E)The futility of art

Question 25

Who won the Noble Peace Prize in 1905?

A)Amalie Sieveking
B)Emmeline Pankhurst
C)Bertha von Suttner
D)Maria Montessori
E)Clara Barton

Question 26

What was the greatest difference between naturalism and realism in literature?

A)Realism dealt more with themes like human suffering.
B)Naturalism was more popular than realism.
C)Naturalism was generally more pessimistic than realism.
D)Realism was simply a continuation of naturalism.
E)Realism was more generally pessimistic than naturalism.

Question 27

Why does Maria Montessori exemplify the "new woman" of modern times?

A)She became a leading advocate of the vote for women.
B)She entered Italian politics as a liberal.
C)She created the International Women's League for Peace and Freedom.
D)She obtained a professional degree and applied her expertise to new fields of inquiry like early childhood development.
E)She was the first professional woman who received equal pay for equal work.

Question 28

Social Darwinists argued that

A)each human being was absolutely unique.
B)much more should be done to help the poor.
C)interracial marriage was essential to human progress.
D)race was a human construct, not a biological reality.
E)human societies were organisms that changed over time.

Question 29

Florence Nightingale gained fame for her work during

A)the Danish War.
B)the Franco-Prussian War.
C)the Revolutions of 1848.
D)he Crimean War.
E)the Civil War.

Question 30

Theodor Herzl wanted to establish a Jewish state in

A)eastern Poland.
B)South America.
C)Palestine.
D)western Germany.
E)Canada.

Question 31

What happened at the premier of Igor Stravinsky's Rite of Spring?

A)It drew great public acclaim as a modern masterwork.
B)It inspired many authors to write poems using the music.
C)It caused a riot by the audience because of its sharp dissonance and blatant sensuality.
D)It restored audiences' faith in music as a rational and soothing art.
E)It was ignored when first performed and only became recognized as a classic several decades later.

Question 32

With what artistic movement was Camille Pissarro associated?

A)Expressionism
B)Romanticism
C)Post-Impressionism
D)Impressionism
E)Dadaism

Question 33

What did Émile Zola say to explain his use of naturalism in his novels and his depiction of characters?

A)"I have never given up on nature and the uplifting lessons it can teach us."
B)"I have simply done on living bodies the work of analysis which surgeons perform on corpses."
C)"People are naturally bad and all my fictions are truths."
D)"My stories tell of a new Enlightenment."
E)"All life is a wasteland."

Question 34

What did Theodor Herzl, the leader of the Zionist movement, seek?

A)He advocated the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine.
B)He advocated the development of separate Jewish communities European cities.
C)He argued that Jewish assimilation into western European society would only be complete when Jews renounced their religious beliefs.
D)He argued that living conditions for Jews were better in eastern Europe than in western Europe.
E)He demanded that war be declared against the Ottoman Empire.

Question 35

What did Houston Stewart Chamberlain argue in his 1899-publication Foundations of the Nineteenth Century?

A)Germany would lead the world in high-tech manufacturing.
B)Germany would lead the Aryan race to the conquest of Europe.
C)Germany would be the European leader in music and the arts.
D)Germany would generate the next great world religion.
E)Germany would fail if they did not accept Jews as the originators of Western civilization.

Question 36

Who gained fame for her actions during the American Civil War?

A)Clara Barton
B)Florence Nightingale
C)Amalie Sieveking
D)Emmeline Pankhurst
E)Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Question 37

Which artistic style was a reaction against Realism?

A)Naturalism
B)Cubism
C)Post-Impressionism
D)Symbolism
E)Romanticism

Question 38

Who was one of the originators of abstract painting?

A)Camille Pissarro
B)Pablo Picasso
C)Vincent van Gogh
D)Wassily Kandinsky
E)Berthe Morisot

Question 39

The ____ often portrayed characters caught in the grip of forces beyond their control.

A)Naturalists
B)Symbolists
C)Cubists
D)Impressionists
E)Post-Impressionists

Question 40

Who wrote the best example of naturalistic literature?

A)Victor Hugo
B)Charles Dickens
C)Albert Camus
D)Émile Zola
E)Gustave Flaubert

Question 41

The Triple Alliance before 1914 included which of the following countries?

A)England, Germany, and Italy
B)Russia, England, and France
C)Italy, Turkey, and England
D)Germany, Austria, and the Ottoman Empire
E)Germany, Austria, and Italy

Question 42

Which organization was responsible for subjugating much of India?

A)The British East India Company
B)The British West India Company
C)The British Royal Marines
D)The British Royal Infantry
E)The British Royal Africa Company

Question 43

In the First Balkans War, the Balkan League defeated

A)the Ottoman Empire.
B)Russia.
C)Austria.
D)Italy.
E)Serbia.

Question 44

Where did the British fight in the Boer War?

A)Australia
B)China
C)Zimbabwe
D)Botswana
E)South Africa

Question 45

Late nineteenth-century imperialism was closely tied to

A)trade unionism.
B)communism.
C)liberalism.
D)nationalism.
E)socialism.

Question 46

By 1914, ____ had become the strongest military and industrial power on the continent.

A)Russia
B)Austria
C)the Netherlands
D)Germany
E)France

Question 47

Which Progressive-era law went into effect during Woodrow Wilson's presidency?

A)Graduated federal income tax
B)Pure Food and Drug Act
C)Interstate Commerce Act
D)Meat Inspection Act
E)Social Security Act

Question 48

Bismarck feared an anti-German alliance between

A)Britain and Austria.
B)Russia and France.
C)Austria and Italy.
D)The United States and Britain.
E)Austria and Spain.

Question 49

German polices after 1890

A)made the Americas a new imperialist battle ground.
B)created friendship between Germany and England.
C)brought Russia and Germany closer together.
D)drew France and Britain closer together.
E)eased tensions in the Balkans.?roug

Question 50

Who said, "All this colonial business is a sham, but we need it for the elections"?

A)David Lloyd George
B)Cecil Rhodes
C)Otto von Bismarck
D)Leopold II
E)Henry Stanley

Question 51

The British industrialization of India

A)brought little improvement for most Indians.
B)created a large and growing middle class.
C)was directed by Indian technocrats.
D)never really materialized.
E)eliminated malnutrition in India.

Question 52

By 1900, ____ percent of Americans lived in cities.

A)20
B)40
C)60
D)80
E)90

Question 53

Which institution's power was radically curtailed by David Lloyd George in order to implement the Liberal Party's social reform program?

A)The military
B)The Bank of England
C)The monarchy
D)The House of Commons
E)The House of Lords

Question 54

To what did Russia's disastrous defeat in the Russo-Japanese War indirectly lead?

A)The dismissal of Count Witte
B)The loss of all of Siberia to Japan
C)The enlargement of the Duma
D)An unsuccessful coup by the Tsar
E)The Revolution of 1905

Question 55

What did the Pan-German League advocate?

A)German withdrawal from world affairs and concentration on internal political reforms
B)The development of a global German colonial empire
C)German leadership in the development of international pacifist organizations
D)Strict limitations on development of German industry
E)A German takeover of western Poland

Question 56

Mutsuhito was

A)the first Japanese person to visit the United States.
B)an author, painter, and poet.
C)a peasant farmer who led the Meiji forces.
D)a political radical.
E)the first Meiji emperor.

Question 57

What was one of the notable achievements of the British Liberals under David Lloyd George?

A)Unilateral British disarmament and world peace proposals
B)Creation of an system of unemployment insurance
C)Nationalization of all private industry in Britain
D)Reductions in the size of the British colonial empire
E)Dramatic across-the-board tax cuts

Question 58

What did Britain's Fabian Socialists seek?

A)They demanded the immediate nationalization of all British industry and transportation facilities.
B)They urged the Proletariat to begin a revolt against the government.
C)They wanted to participate in the political process.
D)They favored evolution toward a socialist state by democratic means.
E)They practiced civil disobedience against the power of Parliament.

Question 59

Which countries were part of the Triple Entente before 1914?

A)Great Britain, France, and Russia
B)Austria, Germany, and the Ottoman Empire
C)Turkey, Russia, and Germany
D)France, Spain, and Great Britain
E)Great Britain, France, and Italy

Question 60

Which event best exemplified renewed anti-Semitism in France in the late nineteenth century?

A)The Boulanger coup
B)The Sorel uprising
C)The Dreyfus affair
D)the Zola capitulation
E)The fall of the Third Republic

Question 61

By 1820, Europeans controlled 90 percent of Africa.

Question 62

Zola compared the work of the artist to that of a biologist.

Question 63

The continent of Africa was largely spared from the imperial ambitions of the European nations during the period after 1880, as the West focused instead upon the societies and states of Asia.

Question 64

Alfred Dreyfus sold army secrets to German and Austrian intelligence agents.

Question 65

Which revolutionary leader helped to overthrow the Manchu dynasty of China in 1912?

A)Mao Tse-tung
B)Chou En-lai
C)Sun Yat-sen
D)Chiang Kai-shek
E)Mutsushito

Question 66

Freud believed that the human mind was ruled by rational thought and conscious decisions.

Question 67

The worst treatment of Jews at the turn of the century occurred in eastern Europe.

Question 68

Amalie Sieveking was a pioneer in the field of nursing.

Question 69

The goal of the "Boxers" was to bring European-style democracy to China.

Question 70

Max Planck argued that a heated body radiates energy in a steady stream.

Question 71

By the early twentieth century, British liberalism had abandoned laissez-faire in favor of governmental activism and social reform.