Deck 21: The Search for Stability in East Asia, 1300-1800

Question 1

How did Go-Daigo differ from his predecessors?

A) He wanted to rule through the daimyo.
B) He wished to rule in his own right.
C) He appointed a shogun.
D) He never became emperor.

Answer 1

He wished to rule in his own right.

Question 2

Which dynasty stabilized Japan?

A) the Tokugawa
B) the Ming
C) the Yuan
D) the Yi

Answer 2

the Tokugawa

Question 3

Which of these was carried out by Hideyoshi to consolidate control over the daimyo?

A) the codification of imperial law
B) an inventory of lands for tax purposes
C) rearming peasants to keep the daimyo in check
D) encouraging the daimyo to adopt Christianity

Answer 3

an inventory of lands for tax purposes

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the role of the shogun?

A) He served as the emperor's minister.
B) He was a military leader under the emperor.
C) He ruled in Japan in the name of the emperor.
D) He ruled in the absence of the emperor.

Question 5

Which of these explain Jesuit success in finding Japanese converts?

A) When the imperial family converted, many others followed.
B) The Jesuits closely resembled Shinto priests.
C) The Jesuits won favor by adopting Japanese culture.
D) The Chinese had previously converted in large numbers.

Question 6

Why were the house daimyo likely to be loyal to the Tokugawa?

A) They were members of his family.
B) They owed their position to the shogun.
C) They were kept weak and dependent.
D) Their estates were too far from Edo for the shogun to threaten.

Question 7

Which statement best describes the overall situation facing Hideyoshi in the late 1500s?

A) Japan's emperor was unable to crush the daimyo in the Era of Warring States.
B) The Japanese had experienced years of internal conflict combined with unprecedented influence by foreigners.
C) The samurai had become less influential, leading to a decline in military prowess.
D) Japan had finally achieved unification and was experiencing great success from the connections with other societies.

Question 8

Who exercised real power in Japan in the 1600s?

A) the shogun
B) the daimyo
C) the samurai
D) the emperor

Question 9

Who united Japan?

A) Hideyoshi
B) Oba Nobunga
C) the Hojo
D) Yamamoto

Question 10

Oda Nobunaga began but did not complete the process of

A) restoring the authority of the emperor.
B) unifying Japan.
C) destroying the daimyo class.
D) establishing the shogunate.

Question 11

Which country's navy was equipped with iron plated "turtle ships"?

A) Japan
B) China
C) Korea
D) Spain

Question 12

Go-Daigo did all of the following EXCEPT

A) refuse to step down as the Hojo regents asked.
B) rebel against the Hojo regents.
C) appoint Ashikaga Takauji as shogun.
D) set up a mountain headquarters in the south.

Question 13

What was the center of power in Japan under the shoguns?

A) Kyoto
B) Edo
C) Osaka
D) Nagasaki

Question 14

Which of the following was the result of Japan's invasion of Korea in the 1590s?

A) Korea became a tributary of Japan.
B) Japan became the dominant nation in East Asia.
C) Korea renewed ties to China.
D) China was forced to pay tribute to Japan.

Question 15

Who was responsible for bringing firearms to Japan?

A) the Chinese
B) the Mongols
C) the Portuguese
D) the British

Question 16

Why did some samurai and daimyo ally with Emperor Go-Daigo in the 1330s?

A) to place their own shogun in power
B) to support the emperor against the Hojo regents
C) to establish a council-style government
D) to reassert their power as imperial regents

Question 17

Yi Song-gye did all of the following EXCEPT

A) restore Korea's ties with China.
B) renew friendly relations with Japan.
C) pay tribute to China's imperial authorities.
D) establish a new regime called the Yi dynasty.

Question 18

Which dynasty ruled Korea from 1392 to 1910?

A) Chosŏn
B) Minamoto
C) Tokugawa
D) Koryŏ

Question 19

Which of these ended with the Chosŏn dynasty?

A) Ming rule in Korea
B) the period of Mongol rule in Korea
C) friendly relations between China and Korea
D) the period of hostility between Korea and Japan

Question 20

Which of these describe Japan's Age of Warring States?

A) two rival emperors fighting for the throne
B) daimyo battling each other under a puppet emperor
C) a strong emperor bringing the daimyo to heel
D) a period of constant fighting between Japan and Korea

Question 21

Who moved the Chinese capital back to Beijing?

A) Zheng He
B) Hongwu
C) Yongle
D) Li Zicheng

Question 22

Who were the "ocean devils"?

A) Spanish mariners
B) Japanese mariners
C) Portuguese mariners
D) Korean mariners

Question 23

Why did the Tokugawa grow hostile towards Christianity?

A) Christianity was a threat to Shinto.
B) Christians had been involved in attempts to restore the emperor.
C) Christianity was seen as a conduit for foreign influence.
D) Christianity conflicted with Buddhism.

Question 24

What was the goal of Hongwu as emperor of China?

A) continuation of Yuan traditions
B) restoration of Tang and Song culture
C) reconciliation of Mongol and Han culture
D) eradication of all Confucian influence

Question 25

Which of these resulted from the attack on the Mongols at Datong?

A) increasing threats from Japan
B) a long decline in Ming power began
C) the Mongols no longer threated China
D) the Ming extended their rule to Korea

Question 26

Which of these describe the rule of Yongle?

A) expansionist
B) reactionary
C) isolationist
D) indecisive

Question 27

The Ming rulers' power was undermined by the growing influence of court

A) eunuchs.
B) Mandarins.
C) Confucians.
D) samurai.

Question 28

Which Chinese dynasty revived China's pride and independence?

A) Ming
B) Yuan
C) Yongle
D) Qing

Question 29

Which of these describe changes in the Japanese agriculture under the Tokugawa?

A) less oppressive
B) increasing commercialization
C) expansion of serfdom
D) fragmentation of holdings

Question 30

As warfare became rare in Japan, the samurai in effect became

A) civil servants.
B) dilettantes.
C) priests.
D) farmers.

Question 31

The city of Edo is today known as

A) Beijing.
B) Tokyo.
C) Nagasaki.
D) Seoul.

Question 32

Who were the geisha in Japan?

A) samurai wives
B) singers, dancers, and courtesans
C) concubines of the emperor
D) women of the daimyo class

Question 33

With which Europeans did Japan continue to maintain connections during its age of isolation?

A) British
B) Italians
C) Spanish
D) Dutch

Question 34

Which of the following best describes Tokugawa ideology?

A) In order to compete globally, Japan must forge connections with other cultures.
B) Japan had allowed China to gain too much influence in East Asia.
C) The West had too much influence in Japan.
D) Christianity should be the official religion of Japan.

Question 35

Concise, seventeen-syllable poems became a stylish rage in Japan. They were known as

A) haiku.
B) jujitsu.
C) kabuki.
D) Hongwu.

Question 36

The Chinese government curtailed sea voyages in the 1400s because

A) they needed to focus their resources on the army.
B) they saw little benefit from connections with inferior foreigners.
C) the cost of piracy was too great.
D) Japan controlled the seas.

Question 37

Which of these was referred to as the "floating world"?

A) urban nightlife
B) commercial life
C) life on canal boats
D) financial dealings

Question 38

Which of the following most accurately describes Ming China?

A) China experienced its first defeat at the hands of the Japanese.
B) China relied on western guidancet to become a global power.
C) China turned inward, focusing on Chinese customs and culture, rejecting foreign influence.
D) China lost much of its wealth and influence in Asia

Question 39

Tokugawa Japan's most important commercial center was

A) Tokyo.
B) Canton.
C) Nagasaki.
D) Osaka.

Question 40

China's Confucian scholar-bureaucrats were known by westerners as

A) eunuchs.
B) mandarins.
C) Confucians.
D) samurai.

Question 41

With which traditions did the Jesuits attempt to blend Christianity?

A) Confucian
B) Shinto
C) Buddhist
D) Daoist

Question 42

Which port served as a central outlet between China and the West?

A) Guangzhou
B) Macao
C) Manila
D) Beijing

Question 43

Who normalized relations between Russia and China?

A) Hongwu
B) Yongle
C) Nguyen
D) Kangxi

Question 44

Which dynasty was established by the Manchus?

A) Ming
B) Qing
C) Lu
D) Tang

Question 45

Which of the following does NOT accurately describe Li Zicheng?

A) He was a commoner who founded a new Chinese dynasty.
B) He was a fired postal worker.
C) He was a bandit who stole from the rich and gave to the poor.
D) He was a member of his uncle's robber band.

Question 46

In what way did the Qing dynasty resemble the Yuan?

A) Neither was ever accepted by southern Chinese.
B) Both were founded by non-Chinese peoples.
C) Both ruled for only a few decades.
D) Both worked to rebuild the Great Wall.

Question 47

Some Catholics were upset by the actions of the Jesuits because they were

A) raping and pillaging in the villages of China.
B) working for financial gain.
C) participating in Chinese religious rituals.
D) swearing loyalty to the emperor.

Question 48

Hideyoshi united Japan and began a conquest of Korea.

Question 49

What strategy was used by Jesuits such as Matteo Ricci in an attempt to make a good impression on the Chinese?

A) preaching that the Japanese were foreign devils
B) adopting Chinese customs
C) bringing money and medicine to the poor villages
D) teaching Western languages to Chinese children

Question 50

The Tokugawa ruled by keeping giving extensive power to the daimyo

Question 51

Which Chinese leader has been compared with Genghis Khan?

A) Nurhachi
B) Kangxi
C) Li Zicheng
D) Hongwu

Question 52

The Confucian virtue of "ren" was equated with Christianity's emphasis on

A) piety.
B) chastity.
C) honesty.
D) compassion.

Question 53

The pirate regime founded by Zheng Chenggong controlled

A) Canton.
B) Vietnam.
C) Taiwan.
D) Macao.

Question 54

Which of these was the focus of Wang Yangming's work?

A) military technology
B) Confucian thought
C) financial reform
D) reconciling Christianity and Daoism

Question 55

Which of the following was NOT a major seaport?

A) Guangzhou
B) Macao
C) Manila
D) Beijing

Question 56

As a result of the Manchu decline, who gained a foothold in Vietnam?

A) France
B) Portugal
C) Japan
D) England

Question 57

During the period of Tokugawa isolation, the Portuguese at Osaka were Japan's only contact with the west.

Question 58

Which book is widely regarded as China's greatest novel?

A) All Men are Brothers
B) Romance of the Three Kingdoms
C) The Dream of the Red Chamber
D) The Water Margin

Question 59

Which Chinese leader finally subjugated the Mongols?

A) Yongzheng
B) Hongwu
C) Kangxi
D) Qianlong

Question 60

Korea's "turtle ships" defeated the Japanese navy.

Question 61

How did the Manchus first become involved in Chinese government?

Question 62

What were some of the new food crops introduced to China from the Americas?

Question 63

The Ming dynasty sought to restore Chinese power and culture.

Question 64

Which man carried on the work of Nurhachi after his death?

Question 65

Which man rebuilt the Great Wall of China?

Question 66

What does "Hongwu" mean?

Question 67

Who moved the Chinese capital to Beijing?

Question 68

The British gained a strong presence in Vietnam.

Question 69

Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming dynasty.

Question 70

Hongwu attempted to create a new Chinese cultural synthesis.

Question 71

Evaluate the major factors that contributed to the stagnation of the Ming dynasty.

Question 72

Why did Qianlong formally retire early?

Question 73

Discuss gender roles in Japan.

Question 74

Discuss the unification of Japan.

Question 75

Why were the Portuguese mariners viewed unfavorably by the Chinese?

Question 76

Zheng He was a former court eunuch and talented mariner.

Question 77

The White Lotus Society promised the return of Christ.

Question 78

Which dynasty was established by the Manchus?

Question 79

What was the White Lotus Society?

Question 80

Discuss the division of power in the Tokugawa shogunate.