Deck 25: Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas Shigelloides, and Chromobacterium Violaceum

Question 1

Transmission of Plesiomonas shigelloides to humans is by

A)exposure of disrupted skin and mucosal surfaces to contaminated animal hides.
B)ingestion of contaminated seafood or water.
C)inhalation of contaminated air.
D)close contact with carriers of the organism.

Answer 1

B
None of these organisms are considered part of the normal human flora, so no carriers are known to exist. Transmission to humans is by ingestion of contaminated water or seafood or by exposure of disrupted skin and mucosal surfaces to contaminated water.

Question 2

Transmission of Vibrio spp.to humans is by

A)exposure of disrupted skin and mucosal surfaces to contaminated animal hides.
B)ingestion of contaminated seafood or water.
C)inhalation of contaminated air.
D)close contact with carriers of the organism.

Answer 2

B
None of these organisms are considered part of the normal human flora, so no carriers are known to exist. Transmission to humans is by ingestion of contaminated water or seafood or by exposure of disrupted skin and mucosal surfaces to contaminated water.

Question 3

The primary habitat for Plesiomonas shigelloides and Chromobacterium violaceum is

A)fresh water.
B)the upper respiratory tract of various mammals.
C)brackish or marine water.
D)the soil and water environment.

Answer 3

A
The epidemiology of Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas shigelloides, and Chromobacterium violaceum are similar in many aspects. The primary habitat for most of these organisms is water, generally brackish or marine water for Vibrio spp. and fresh water for Aeromonas spp., P. shigelloides, and C. violaceum. None of these organisms are considered part of the normal human flora.

Question 4

Plesiomonas spp.can be described as

A)oxidase-negative, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
B)oxidase-positive, glucose-oxidizing, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
C)oxidase-positive, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
D)oxidase-positive, non-glucose-utilizing, gram-negative bacilli that do not grow on MacConkey agar.

Question 5

Profuse watery diarrhea ("rice water stools"), leading to dramatic fluid loss, severe dehydration, and hypotension that frequently leads to death, is the hallmark of which toxin activity?

A)Cholera toxin (CT)
B)Enteric endotoxin
C)Shiga toxin
D)Toxin A

Question 6

The primary habitat for Aeromonas spp.is

A)fresh water.
B)the upper respiratory tract of various mammals.
C)brackish or marine water.
D)the soil and water environment.

Question 7

Stool specimens suspected of containing which enteric pathogen should be collected and transported only in Cary-Blair medium because buffered glycerol saline is toxic for this bacterium?

A)Vibrio
B)Salmonella
C)Shigella
D)Plesiomonas

Question 8

Transmission of and Chromobacterium violaceum to humans is by

A)exposure of disrupted skin and mucosal surfaces to contaminated animal hides.
B)ingestion of contaminated seafood or water.
C)inhalation of contaminated air.
D)close contact with carriers of the organism.

Question 9

Aeromonas, Vibrio, and Plesiomonas are all

A)oxidase-negative, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
B)oxidase-positive, glucose-oxidizing, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
C)oxidase-positive, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
D)oxidase-positive, non-glucose-utilizing, gram-negative bacilli that do not grow on MacConkey agar.

Question 10

The selective medium thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose (TCBS) agar is especially formulated for isolating what pathogen from stool cultures?

A)Vibrio
B)Salmonella
C)Shigella
D)Plesiomonas

Question 11

The primary habitat for Chromobacterium violaceum is

A)fresh water.
B)the upper respiratory tract of various mammals.
C)brackish or marine water.
D)the soil and water environment.

Question 12

The primary habitat for Vibrio spp is

A)fresh water.
B)the upper respiratory tract of various mammals.
C)brackish or marine water.
D)the soil and water environment.

Question 13

Aeromonas spp.can be described as

A)oxidase-negative, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
B)oxidase-positive, glucose-oxidizing, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
C)oxidase-positive, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
D)oxidase-positive, non-glucose- utilizing, gram-negative bacilli that do not grow on MacConkey agar.

Question 14

Transmission of Aeromonas spp.to humans is by

A)exposure of disrupted skin and mucosal surfaces to contaminated animal hides.
B)ingestion of contaminated seafood or water.
C)inhalation of contaminated air.
D)close contact with carriers of the organism.

Question 15

Which statement best describes the habitats of Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., Plesiomonas shigelloides, and Chromobacterium violaceum?

A)The habitats are limited to the upper respiratory tract of various mammals.
B)The habitats vary from the soil and water environment to the upper respiratory tract of various mammals.
C)The habitats are limited to the soil and water environment.
D)The habitats are limited mostly to water sources.

Question 16

Vibrio spp.can be described as

A)oxidase-negative, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
B)oxidase-positive, glucose-oxidizing, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
C)oxidase-positive, glucose-fermenting, gram-negative bacilli that grow on MacConkey agar.
D)oxidase-positive, non-glucose-utilizing, gram-negative bacilli that do not grow on MacConkey agar.

Question 17

Profuse watery diarrhea ("rice water stools"), leading to dramatic fluid loss, severe dehydration, and hypotension that frequently leads to death, is the hallmark of infection with which bacterial species?

A)Aeromonas hydrophila
B)Vibrio cholerae
C)Vibrio vulnificus
D)Plesiomonas shigelloides