Deck 12: The Making of Europe

Question 1

According to Einhard's biography, all of the following were the objects of Charlemagne's charity except

A)Flanders.
B)Egypt.
C)Carthage.
D)Jerusalem.
E)Syria.

Answer 1

Flanders.

Question 2

The Holy Office, or Inquisition, was the court established by the church to uncover heresy and punish religious heretics.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The Church's primary instrument of conversion was the monastic movement.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The representative of the Merovingian dynasty who founded a Frankish kingdom was

A)Louis the Pious.
B)Charles the Hammer.
C)Charlemagne.
D)Frederick Barbarosa.
E)Clovis.

Question 5

Charlemagne's oversight representatives, the "messengers of the lord king," were the

A)mark graf.
B)chandiar.
C)missi dominici.
D)scriptoria.
E)flamboria.

Question 6

In an effort to avoid the potential mayhem of the Germanic system of personal revenge for the punishment of crimes, an alternative system arose that made use of a fine called

A)wergeld.
B)wingard.
C)wodoms.
D)wargast.
E)arbeiter.

Question 7

The demense was the land on the manor retained by the lord and worked by peasants and serfs.

Question 8

Which of the following was accomplished by medieval Christian monasteries?

A)They launched an early "feminist" movement.
B)They served as centers of learning.
C)They played a major military role for their religion.
D)They enforced the tenets of the Scriptures, often by force.
E)They were under the rule of the princeps.

Question 9

The incursions of the Scandinavian Vikings into other parts of Europe

A)were the most threatening of the fifteenth century invaders to the peace of Europe.
B)were successful because their ships had a shallow draft, allowing them to sail far up rivers.
C)had little impact on the history of England and France.
D)were defeated at the Battle of Lechfeld.
E)led to Scandinavian control of Greece.

Question 10

The early medieval church in the West

A)was headed by two rivals, the Archbishop of Milan and the Patriarch of Jerusalem.
B)developed a more organized monastic structure under Saint Benedict.
C)was for a long time ruled by the Patriarch of Constantinople.
D)was under the sole control of the Patriarch of Jerusalem.
E)was dominated for several centuries by Arian Christians.

Question 11

The shift from a two-field to a three-field system contributed to the increase in food production in the Middle Ages.

Question 12

Barrel vaulting and massive pillars were characteristic of the Gothic style.

Question 13

Chivalry was a genre ​of romantic literature.

Question 14

The Frankish king Clovis followed Arian Christianity.​

Question 15

The increase of food production in the Middle Ages was in part due to switching to a three field agricultural system.​

Question 16

As a result of the crusades, the West established a permanent presence in the Middle East.

Question 17

The piece of land that provided the feudal vassal's economic support was the

A)fief.
B)tallage.
C)homage.
D)vassalage.
E)right.

Question 18

The appearance of the violent and destructive Mongol Empire ended all trade between the West and China.

Question 19

Who were the Asian people, defeated at the Battle of Lechfeld, who became Christians and went on to establish the kingdom of Hungary?

A)the Mongols
B)the Magyars
C)the Vikings
D)the Slavs
E)the Golden Horde

Question 20

In 800, Charlemagne was crowned

A)King of the Franks.
B)Bishop of Rome.
C)Ruler of the Germans.
D)Roman Emperor.
E)Emperor of the East.

Question 21

Which of the following was not characteristic of Romanesque architecture?

A)barrel vaults
B)flying buttresses
C)massive pillars and walls
D)dark on the inside
E)gave the impression of a fortress

Question 22

All of the following were true about the development of Russia except

A)Kievan Russia collapsed in the mid-twelfth century.
B)Byzantine Christianity provided a major foundation for early Russian unity.
C)Magyar dominance created a Western-oriented bent in Russia development.
D)Mongols recognized of the hegemony of Alexander Nevsky.
E)The descendants of Alexander Nevsky eventually became the rulers of all Russia.

Question 23

France's first parliament, begun under Philip IV, was the

A)Chambre des Comptes.
B)Parlement.
C)Diet of Paris.
D)Reichstagen.
E)Estates-General.

Question 24

All of the following are correct regarding the development of fief-holding except it

A)was a response by local leaders who gathered military retainers to protect themselves, as the remnants of the imperial government could not adequately defend the state.
B)led to the creation of a large number of knights who literally owed their livings to the lord who granted them a fief.
C)led to a five-hundred-year period when warfare was dominated by heavily armed cavalry.
D)reflected the high value of land during the centuries during which it was established.
E)was a result of the Church's attempt to give serfs and peasants more social mobility.

Question 25

Alexander Nevsky, prince of Novgorad, defeated the

A)Russians.
B)Byzantines.
C)Germans.
D)Mongols.
E)Poles

Question 26

Aristocratic medieval women

A)in unusual circumstances, could play a major role, as did Eleanor of Aquitaine.
B)were totally independent of their men.
C)never assumed managerial responsibilities in spite of their husband's frequent absences.
D)were always dominant in their marriages.
E)frequently led troops into battle in the absence of their husbands.

Question 27

The English king most responsible for establishing the "common law" was

A)William of Normandy.
B)Philip Augustus.
C)Frederick II.
D)Henry II.
E)John.

Question 28

The Slavs

A)divided into seven specific groups during the Middle Ages.
B)became Roman Catholic, with the exception of the Russians, Turks and Magyars.
C)were divided into two religious groups, with most southern and eastern Slavs becoming Orthodox and most northern and western Slavs becoming Roman Catholic.
D)converted to Islam after the First Crusade.
E)briefly occupied northern Italy.

Question 29

Philip 2 Augustus of France accomplished all of the following except

A)he waged war successfully against the kings of England.
B)he became the Holy Roman Emperor.
C)he regained the provinces of Anjou, Normandy, and Aquitaine from the Plantagenets.
D)he established a royal bureaucracy.
E)he enlarged the power of the French monarchy.

Question 30

All of the following were true of the medieval peasants' life except

A)their housing was quite basic.
B)they were members of agricultural craft guilds.
C)peasant women had a challenging role.
D)their diet was simple but adequate when food was available.
E)they owed labor services to the lord of the manor.

Question 31

The traditional liberal arts included all of the following except

A)rhetoric.
B)biology.
C)music.
D)astronomy.
E)geometry.

Question 32

Which of the following revolutionized warfare in the early Middle Ages?

A)gunpowder
B)the stirrup
C)the emergence of a money economy
D)the longbow
E)the Black Death

Question 33

All of the following are true about scholasticism except

A)it is a term used to depict the philosophical and theological system of medieval universities.
B)it attempted to prove the unity of faith and reason.
C)it was preoccupied with establishing the concurrence between Christian and Aristotelian thought.
D)the author of the Summa Theologica was Abelard dun Scotus.
E)theology was considered to be the "queen of the sciences."

Question 34

The Dominican friars

A)were established in the ninth century.
B)were first led by the highly intellectual Dominic de Guzmán.
C)lived among the people and helped the poor.
D)became key factors in combating heresy under the leadership of the Holy Roman Emperor.
E)were led by Francis of Assisi.

Question 35

The missionary brothers who converted the Slavic peoples of Moravia to the Orthodox Christianity of the Byzantine Empire were

A)Francis and Wilbur.
B)Vladimir and Alexander.
C)Ivan and Peter.
D)Bernard and Boris.
E)Cyril and Methodius.

Question 36

The victor at the Battle of Hastings was

A)Harold Godwinson.
B)William of Normandy.
C)Edward the Confessor.
D)Henry II.
E)Vladimir the Northman.

Question 37

High Middle Ages agriculture included all except

A)extensive swamp draining and land clearance.
B)increased output by increasing the amount of land used for farming.
C)improved methods through the use of iron tools.
D)adopting the three-field system.
E)the use of slave labor.

Question 38

The principality of Kiev was founded by

A)Central Asian Mongols.
B)Scandinavian Vikings.
C)Byzantines from Constantinople.
D)the Germanic Holy Roman Emperors.
E)Hungarian Magyars.

Question 39

By the end of the thirteenth century, the institutionalization of the English Parliament

A)provided the foundation for the absolute rule of the monarch.
B)enabled the barons and church lords to establish themselves in the House of Commons.
C)was a system of power sharing between the monarch and groups within the society.
D)enabled the knights and burgesses to establish themselves in the House of Lords.
E)had failed because of the impact of the Black Death.

Question 40

The medieval religious order which was noted for its commitment to living among the common people and ministering to the poor was the

A)Cistercians.
B)Dominicans.
C)Jesuits.
D)Benedictines.
E)Franciscans.

Question 41

​In what area did communes first appear?

A)​Within boroughs in England.
B)​Northern Italy.
C)​Spain.
D)​Russia.
E)​Flanders.

Question 42

The first Gothic church was constructed near

A)London
B)Rome.
C)Paris.
D)Venice.
E)Constantinople.

Question 43

The leader of the "peasants' crusade" was

A)Gregory the Great.
B)Richard the Homeless.
C)Peter the Hermit.
D)Charles the Hammer.
E)Saladin the Wise.

Question 44

The jurisdiction of a Ch ristian bishop was called a(n)

A)ecclesia
B)diocese
C)latifundia
D)demesne
E)abbey

Question 45

Which of the following is true of Arian Christianity?

A)It distinguished Eastern Orthodoxy from Western Catholicism.
B)It blended the ideas of Manachaeism and Judaism.
C)They believed that Jesus was human and not truly God.
D)They believed that Jesus was made of "the same substance" as God.
E)They prohibited the use of icons or images for worship.

Question 46

The cleric who called for the Second Crusade in the 1140s was

A)St.Bernard of Clairvaux.
B)Pope Urban II.
C)Pope Innocent III.
D)Peter the Hermit.
E)Cyril.

Question 47

All of the following were factors in nearly doubling Europe's population by the High Middle Ages EXCEPT:

A)A cessation of Viking invasions.
B)increased agricultural output due to the three field rotation system.
C)use of wind- and watermills.
D)expansion of arable land.
E)importation of rice from Asia as a staple crop.

Question 48

All of the following were motives for the Crusades except

A)the desire for military adventure.
B)religious fervor.
C)the aim to increase religious toleration between Muslims and Christians.
D)the desire to gain riches and land.
E)to allow the pope to assume the leadership in liberating the Holy Land.

Question 49

Which of the following was not characteristic of Gothic architecture?

A)stained glass windows
B)ribbed vaults and pointed arches
C)flying buttresses
D)thick walls
E)extensive use of colored light

Question 50

What form recorded the events of the Battle of Hastings in​ 1066?

A)​ An Ecclesiastic History of the English Peoples by the Venerable Bede
B)​The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.
C)​The Bayeaux Tapestry
D)​The Domesday Book of William the Conqueror
E)​The ​Pax Mongolica​

Question 51

Participants in the Third Crusade included all of the following except

A)Richard the Lionhearted.
B)Belisarius.
C)Saladin.
D)Frederick Barbarosa.
E)Philip II Augustus.

Question 52

The basis of feudalism in Europe was

A)the sacred oath of loyalty.
B)one of the sacraments in the Catholic church.
C)a means for apportioning land allocations among nobility without sons
D)a contract sworn between a lord and his vassal.
E)the recognition of clergy as superior in status than a secular authority.

Question 53

The Fourth Crusade resulted in the

A)capture of Jerusalem.
B)fall of Constantinople.
C)conquest of Alexandria.
D)sack of Istanbul.
E)occupation of Egypt.

Question 54

What factor most contributed to the Vikings becoming part of European civilization?​

A)​Sharing their ship technology.
B)​Conversion to Christianity.
C)Fighting against the Mongols.
D)​Being conquered by Charlemagne.
E)​Expelling the Moors from Spain.

Question 55

The staple of the medieval diet was​

A)​potatoes.
B)​eggs.
C)​fish.
D)​bread.
E)​pasta.

Question 56

The land retained by lord which was worked by serfs was called

A)demesne
B)manor
C)fief
D)latifundia
E)comatitenses

Question 57

The pope who gave his blessing and authorized the First Crusade was

A)Urban II.
B)Gregory VII.
C)Gregory the Great.
D)Innocent III.
E)Edward the Confessor.

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about Charlemagne?

A)He attended a university in Rome.
B)He conquored much of Western and Central Europe in the Carolingian Empire.
C)He established the missi dominici
D)He utilized local nobility as agents of the king in his administration.
E)He was coronated as Emperor of the Romans.

Question 59

The Viking discoverer of Greenland was

A)Vladimir the Bold.
B)Erik the Red.
C)Leif Erikson.
D)Wilbur the Just.
E)Ivar the Boneless.

Question 60

All of the following facilitated the gradual rival of trade in Europe EXCEPT

A)the disintegration of the Carolingian Empire.
B)​development of mercantile fleets
C)​emergence of specialized craftspeople and artisans.
D)​the growth of towns.
E)​development of a money economy with gold and silver.

Question 61

Identify the following terms.
chivalry

Question 62

Identify the following terms.
manors and manorial system

Question 63

The main issue of conflict between Pope Gregory V2 and Emperor Henry IV was

A)refusal to provide tithes to the church.
B)the argument of whose authority was superior.
C)lay investiture.
D)support of the Franciscan order.
E)refusing to accept younger sons of nobility into clerical orders.

Question 64

Identify the following terms.
the "New Agriculture"

Question 65

Identify the following terms.
Vikings and Magyars

Question 66

Identify the following terms.
abbots

Question 67

Identify the following terms.
lords and vassals

Question 68

Identify the following terms.
missi dominici

Question 69

What distinction was signified by t​he Magna Carta?

A)​England became a constitutional monarchy.
B)​Formal recognition of the mutual rights and obligations between the king and his vassals.
C)​Empowerment of a representative parliament.
D)​Complete autonomy of the Privy Council.
E)​An abiding peace with France and the descendants of Eleanor of Aquitaine

Question 70

Identify the following terms.
the ordeal

Question 71

Identify the following terms.
coronation of Charlemagne

Question 72

Identify the following terms.
monasticism

Question 73

Identify the following terms.
wergeld

Question 74

Identify the following terms.
feudalism

Question 75

Identify the following terms.
fiefs

Question 76

Identify the following terms.
St. Benedict and. St. Hilda of Whitby

Question 77

Identify the following terms.
Clovis and the Merovigians

Question 78

The first university was developed in what city?​

A)​Bologna
B)​Florence
C)​Paris
D)Cambridge
E)​Cordoba

Question 79

Identify the following terms.
Einhard

Question 80

​The first Saxon king in Germany to resume using the title Emperor of the Romans was

A)​Frederick Barbarossa.
B)​Henry IV
C)​Otto I
D)​Luitprand the Wise
E)​Lothar IV