Deck 1: Humans in the World of Biology

Question 1

Humans belong to which of the following domains?

A)Bacteria
B)Archaea
C)Eukarya
D)Vertebrates

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Living organisms are different from inanimate objects because they ________.

A)respond to environmental stimuli
B)evolve
C)maintain homeostasis
D)contain DNA
E)All of the above are true.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which statement is incorrect?

A)Only living things contain nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
B)Only living things are composed of cells.
C)Only living things can grow.
D)Only living things maintain homeostasis.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea that lack a nucleus and internal compartments are considered which of the following?

A)eukaryotic
B)molds
C)protists
D)prokaryotic

Question 5

The term ________ variable describes when two variables are involved and neither variable can be isolated as having an effect in an experiment.

A)blind
B)statistical
C)multiple
D)confounding

Question 6

Which process used to solve problems in science involves the accumulation of facts through observation until the evidence leads to a general statement about nature?

A)deductive reasoning
B)hypothesis
C)inductive reasoning
D)theory

Question 7

A population differs from an ecosystem because ________.

A)a population consists of all living organisms in the area, whereas an ecosystem consists of all living and nonliving aspects of an area
B)a population consists of all living organisms in an area, whereas an ecosystem consists of only one species
C)an ecosystem includes a community, whereas a population does not
D)an ecosystem and a population are identical; they are two terms for the same concept

Question 8

Which of the following types of organisms are not composed of eukaryotic cells?

A)fungi
B)bacteria
C)plants
D)animals
E)protists

Question 9

You are classifying an organism and trying to determine to which domain it belongs.The organism is unicellular and was isolated from a very unusual environment.This organism probably belongs in which domain?

A)Eukarya
B)Archaea
C)Bacteria
D)Prokarya

Question 10

A statement such as "If human body temperature increases to a certain level,then critical proteins will be denatured" would most likely be associated with ________.

A)inductive reasoning
B)deductive reasoning
C)a hypothesis
D)a conclusion

Question 11

During phase I clinical trials,a new drug is tested ________.

A)in an animal model
B)on fewer than 100 human volunteers
C)on a few hundred human volunteers
D)on thousands of human volunteers

Question 12

Researchers testing new drugs usually give the drug to one group of people and give placebos,"sugar pills," to another group.The group receiving the placebo ________.

A)is needed so that the test will be repeated enough times
B)is the control group
C)constitutes the experimental group
D)is a backup in case some of the people getting the drug drop out of the test

Question 13

"An athlete who uses dietary supplements will perform better than one who doesn't." This statement would be an example of which of the following?

A)theory
B)hypothesis
C)skeptic
D)haphazard statement

Question 14

Which of the following levels of organization would a single-celled organism be excluded from?

A)cellular
B)molecular
C)tissue
D)population

Question 15

Cells that possess a nucleus and are complex due to a membrane system that establishes internal compartments belong in which of the following groups?

A)eukaryotic
B)virus
C)Archaea
D)bacteria

Question 16

In a double-blind experiment ________.

A)participants are randomly assigned to a control or experimental group
B)the participants are unaware of whether they are in the experimental or control groups due to the use of placebos
C)the researchers are unaware of which participants are in the experimental and control groups
D)All of the above are true.

Question 17

The pH of soda is fairly acidic.Even after you drink several sodas,the pH of your blood will not fluctuate much.This is an example of your body's ability to ________.

A)adapt
B)maintain homeostasis
C)respond to stimuli
D)perform metabolism
E)All of the above are true.

Question 18

A scientist discovers an unidentified organism composed of multiple cells.Of the choices listed,the most likely classification would be ________.

A)Archaea
B)bacteria
C)fungi
D)Any of the above could be correct.

Question 19

Living organisms are members of all of the levels listed; however,rocks are components of ________.

A)the community
B)an organism
C)the population
D)the ecosystem

Question 20

Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living things?

A)They are composed of multiple cells.
B)They respond to stimuli.
C)They contain carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
D)They have adaptive traits.

Question 21

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
________ reasoning involves gathering of facts that lead toward a logical generalized statement or conclusion.

Question 22

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
A nondrug substance made to look like a real drug.

Question 23

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
A(n)________ is a substance that appears to be identical to a drug being tested but has no known effect on the condition being studied.

Question 24

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
The collection of all chemical reactions that occur in a cell.

Question 25

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
________ are traits that enable an organism to survive and reproduce in its natural environment.

Question 26

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
A(n)________ is all of the species in an ecosystem that can interact in a geographic area.

Question 27

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
Specific areas in which certain living organisms interact with their environment.

Question 28

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
An educated guess or a testable statement used to answer a question about observations is referred to as a(n)________.

Question 29

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
The smallest functional unit of life is known as a(n)________.

Question 30

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
A(n)________ involves drug testing on humans.

Question 31

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
These examine patterns within populations to find a correlation between a variable and its suspected effects.

Question 32

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
A(n)________ group is treated like an experimental group except for the one variable being tested.

Question 33

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
A(n)________ is a group of similar cells that perform the same function.

Question 34

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
A document that lists all potential negative effects of participation in a study.

Question 35

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
An explanation for a particular scientific phenomenon that is well supported.

Question 36

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
A testable explanation for an observation.

Question 37

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
A community and its physical environment are often referred to as a(n)________.

Question 38

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
All individuals of a species that can interbreed in an area are called a(n)________.

Question 39

Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
________ is the ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.

Question 40

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
The process of evaluating evidence and its source carefully before drawing conclusions.

Question 41

It is notoriously difficult to perform unbiased studies when human subjects are used.When governmental agencies such as the U.S.Food and Drug Administration are trying to determine the validity of scientific claims,they very closely examine the methods used in the experiments.Name two things that would be important in evaluating how the studies were performed.

Question 42

A particular virus consists of only DNA and proteins.Viruses attach to the surface of a host cell and inject the viral DNA into the host.The host cell then copies the viral DNA and makes new viruses.Eventually,the host cell is killed,and the new viruses are released.These new viruses search for new hosts to continue the cycle.Use at least three characteristics of life to justify whether a virus is a living thing.

Question 43

Lately,there have been many claims concerning the health benefits of green tea.Suppose you read a claim that says drinking green tea causes weight loss.The information provided states that participants were weighed at the beginning of the study,participants were then asked to drink 2 cups of green tea every day for 6 weeks,and finally participants were weighed at the end of the study.Participants who drank the tea for 6 weeks seemed to have lost some weight by the end of the study,so the researchers concluded that green tea is helpful for weight loss.This study has some obvious holes in it.Explain three things that could be done to improve the design of this study.Do not assume any information other that what has been provided.

Question 44

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
A genetic trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

Question 45

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Adaptive trait
B)Ecosystem
C)Metabolism
D)Informed consent agreement
E)Hypothesis
F)Homeostasis
G)Theory
H)Critical thinking
I)Placebo
J)Epidemiologic studies
The ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.

Question 46

List and briefly explain the organization of life beginning at the molecular level and continuing through the biosphere.

Question 47

Explain how the destruction of the original tropical forests will affect the development of new medicines.

Question 48

How can you test the following statement using the scientific methodology? "Exam performance improves as the amount of sleep obtained the night before an exam increases."