Deck 15: The Digestive System

Question 1

A PillCam traveling from the pharynx to the stomach will first pass through the ________.

A)small intestine
B)stomach
C)anus
D)esophagus

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A passageway shared by the digestive and respiratory systems is the ________.

A)larynx
B)pharynx
C)sinuses
D)esophagus

Answer 2

B

Question 3

This digestive organ absorbs water from indigestible food residue,stores feces,and eliminates feces from the body.

A)small intestine
B)stomach
C)rectum
D)large intestine

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is a J-shaped muscular sac that serves in the temporary storage of masticated food while digestive enzymes and HCl are released to digest proteins?

A)large intestines
B)colon
C)stomach
D)esophagus

Question 5

Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin by the presence of what other substance?

A)intrinsic factor
B)vitamin B₁₂
C)mucus
D)HCl

Question 6

Erosion of the gastrointestinal tract that results in a sore is called a ________.

A)pore
B)chancre
C)diverticulum
D)peptic ulcer

Question 7

These sharply pointed teeth on the sides of the mouth tear food.

A)incisors
B)canines
C)premolars
D)molars

Question 8

A hormone released in the small intestine that stimulates the pancreas to release digestive enzymes and the gallbladder to release bile is known as ________.

A)gastrin
B)secretin
C)cholecystokinin
D)VIP

Question 9

This enzyme will break down starch into smaller subunits.

A)carboxypeptidase
B)lipase
C)amylase
D)renin

Question 10

This pancreatic enzyme breaks triglycerides into glycerol and fatty acids.

A)maltase
B)trypsin
C)carboxypeptidase
D)lipase

Question 11

This additive to municipal water supplies will reduce the rate of tooth decay.

A)chloride
B)peroxide
C)fluoride
D)aldehyde

Question 12

Chyme travels from the stomach to which specific structure?

A)pancreas
B)jejunum
C)duodenum
D)large intestine

Question 13

Lacteals characteristically transport ________.

A)triglycerides
B)monosaccharides
C)ions
D)amino acids

Question 14

Infection with Helicobacter pylori can cause ________.

A)gallstones
B)constipation
C)tooth decay
D)peptic ulcers

Question 15

The innermost lining of the gastrointestinal tract is the ________.

A)serosa
B)muscularis
C)submucosa
D)mucosa

Question 16

If a gallstone were to block the bile duct,which type of food would become more difficult to digest?

A)protein
B)sugar
C)fat
D)starch

Question 17

Which of these events occurs normally in swallowing?

A)The larynx rises.
B)The epiglottis rises.
C)The bolus rises.
D)The esophagus closes.

Question 18

The stomach begins chemical digestion of which of these substances?

A)fats
B)proteins
C)sugars
D)carbohydrates

Question 19

Eating large amounts of acidic fruits such as limes and grapefruit may have this impact on the body.

A)ulcers
B)scurvy
C)cessation of peristalsis
D)enamel damage

Question 20

Which is a common ailment characterized by a burning sensation caused by gastric juices backing up into the esophagus?

A)heartburn
B)acidosis
C)porosis
D)gastritic stress

Question 21

Food traveling through the pharynx would next go to the ________.

Question 22

________ is a hormone secreted by the cells in the stomach lining that functions to increase gastric juice release.

Question 23

One symptom of yellow fever is that the whites of the eyes and the skin gain a yellowish tint.Given just this information,the cells of which organ are most likely being destroyed?

A)eyes
B)liver
C)stomach
D)pancreas

Question 24

Most nutrient absorption occurs in the ________,a major organ of the digestive system.

Question 25

If you took a new,strong antibiotic,which vitamin would you most likely need that you didn't need before?

A)vitamin A
B)vitamin K
C)vitamin C
D)vitamin E

Question 26

If a person were unable to produce much of this substance,the gastric juices might destroy the stomach lining.

A)chyme
B)HCl
C)mucus
D)pepsin

Question 27

A later stage of gum inflammation in which bacteria grow in pockets between the gums and the teeth and in which teeth may become loose is called ________.

Question 28

________,produced by the liver,is a mixture of water,ions,cholesterol,pigments,and salts that help in the digestion of lipids.

Question 29

A 60-year-old having frequent constipation runs a greater risk of this condition.

A)diverticulosis
B)peptic ulcer
C)diarrhea
D)appendicitis

Question 30

Stratified squamous epithelium is tissue that can take a lot of physical wear and tear,but compared with some other tissues,it does not absorb water-soluble materials well.Which of the following is least likely to be lined by stratified squamous epithelium?

A)mouth
B)esophagus
C)small intestine
D)anus

Question 31

________,a hormone secreted by the small intestine,stimulates the release of sodium bicarbonate to help neutralize the pH of the small intestine.

Question 32

Boris has many tattoos and has recently started having a yellowish tinge to his skin.What should he be tested for before he donates blood?

A)diverticulosis
B)cirrhosis
C)hepatitis C
D)Helicobacter pylori

Question 33

If a person were born with the inability to produce pepsin,how would this affect his or her digestion?

A)He or she could not break down lactose.
B)He or she would digest proteins with difficulty.
C)He or she would fail to metabolize glucose.
D)He or she would no longer be able to absorb DNA.

Question 34

The ________ contains beneficial bacteria that synthesize vitamin K and some of the B vitamins.

Question 35

Carlotta developed indigestion and pain under her navel over the weekend.As the workweek progressed,the pain worsened and moved to a point in the lower right abdomen and she started to vomit and experience nausea and fever.You suspect that she is suffering from ________.

A)peptic ulcer
B)heartburn
C)colorectal cancer
D)appendicitis

Question 36

Food is sent along the GI tract by means of a wave-like process called ________.

Question 37

Cleft palate is a hereditary condition in which the roof of the mouth does not completely fuse before birth.What things likely will be more difficult with cleft palate?

A)eating and speaking
B)breathing
C)salivating
D)looking over the shoulder

Question 38

Triglycerides initially travel in the blood stream away from the small intestine in ________ of the lymphatic system.

Question 39

The destruction of this organ would mean that you would no longer be able to absorb vitamin B₁₂ through the digestive system.

A)liver
B)salivary glands
C)large intestine
D)stomach

Question 40

Each time Cyrus drinks milk,he develops gas,bloating,and abdominal discomfort.He probably has ________.

Question 41

The dentist covers the tooth layer,known as the ________,with a protective sealant to keep bacteria in the mouth from damaging it.

Question 42

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
Severe pain in the lower right abdomen along with fever and nausea is often a sign of an infection in this structure.

Question 43

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
Samantha drank a lot of alcohol over many years and now suffers from this fatty degeneration of the liver.

Question 44

Emery believes mucus is unhealthy,so he is always spitting it out.Explain to Emery why mucus produced by the GI tract is beneficial.

Question 45

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
The region of the large intestine that when stretched stimulates the defecation reflex and allows for the passage of feces.

Question 46

The ________ is connected to the GI tract and has no digestive function,but may have a role in the defense of the body against disease.

Question 47

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
The pancreatic duct and common bile duct join and then empty into this organ.

Question 48

Your friend is trying to tell you that human teeth are not alive.You disagree.Why would you say that a tooth in an adult is alive?

Question 49

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
A person with frequent heartburn is more likely to eventually develop this condition than others.

Question 50

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
An opening at one end of the gastrointestinal tract that functions in mechanical digestion and the breakdown of carbohydrates by secreting amylase.

Question 51

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
When partly digested food enters the duodenum,this organ squirts bile into the small intestine.

Question 52

________ cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer deaths,but early detection by screening for polyps can save many lives.

Question 53

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
This organ in the digestive system functions to store food and break down proteins before transferring chyme to the duodenum.

Question 54

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
A muscular tube that absorbs water and some nutrients and stores waste material.

Question 55

If you had a friend with a peptic ulcer,would you recommend that he or she take aspirin for the pain? Why or why not?

Question 56

The stomach is an extremely hostile place.What protects it from digesting itself?

Question 57

George is experiencing problems with damaged cartilage in his knee and is eating cartilage from the bones of his steak so that his knee will more readily heal.Explain why he is not necessarily going to succeed in speeding up the repair of his knee.

Question 58

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Gallbladder
B)Appendix
C)Stomach
D)Rectum
E)Esophageal cancer
F)Large intestine
G)Mouth
H)Cirrhosis
I)Small intestine
J)Salivary glands
Three pairs of glands that secrete fluids,moisten and lubricate food,and contain digestive enzymes that hydrolyze starches.