Deck 23: Ecology, the Environment, and Us

Question 1

If a plant could not get enough phosphorus then it could not make ________.

A)fat
B)vitamin A
C)ATP
D)proteins

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Living organisms that consume plants,animals,and detritus to maintain their metabolism are referred to as ________.

A)carnivores
B)omnivores
C)parasites
D)producers

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A coyote eats a variety of animals and even consumes a little plant matter,so it would be best characterized as ________.

A)autotrophic
B)photosynthetic
C)a producer
D)a consumer

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Rattlesnakes eat grain-eating rodents,so the snakes would be in which trophic level?

A)producers
B)primary consumers
C)decomposers
D)secondary consumers

Question 5

It is important for cattle to add proteins to their body,so which plant would be best for them to eat?

A)alfalfa
B)oats
C)corn
D)barley

Question 6

Which of the following contains the most species of living things?

A)biosphere
B)niche
C)ecosystem
D)community

Question 7

The volcanic island Selkirk arose from the North Atlantic off Iceland in 1948.The first organisms to start living there are said to be ________.

A)central species
B)climax species
C)pioneer species
D)rogue organisms

Question 8

When measuring the energy transfer between trophic levels,only the energy that makes up the dry weight of the body mass can be measured.This weight is known as ________.

A)muscle
B)caloric intake
C)kilocalories
D)biomass

Question 9

What is mainly responsible for the loss of biodiversity globally?

A)poaching
B)introduced species
C)pet trade
D)habitat destruction

Question 10

An area had no previous community and had no existing soil at first,but then living things started occupying the area.This situation would be called ________.

A)biological magnification
B)primary succession
C)climax community
D)secondary replacement

Question 11

The sequence of changes in the species that make up a community is called ________.

A)ecological succession
B)pioneer progression
C)climax community
D)progressive adaptation

Question 12

A small woods was cleared for a new building but then the builders went bankrupt.Over the ensuing years,plants and animals moved back into the plot in a process called ________.

A)climax community
B)biological magnification
C)secondary succession
D)primary succession

Question 13

The total physical,chemical,and biological requirements of a species are said to be its ________.

A)community
B)population
C)niche
D)biosphere

Question 14

American Bison consume only plants,so we would say they are ________.

A)carnivores
B)herbivores
C)omnivores
D)producers

Question 15

Ammonium is converted to nitrates (NO3-)by this process.

A)nitrification
B)nitrogen fixation
C)nitrofaction
D)calcification

Question 16

Which cycle involves materials moving through a series of transfers,from living to nonliving systems and then back again?

A)biogeochemical
B)geological
C)uranium-lead
D)continental

Question 17

The saguaro is a giant cactus that is found primarily in desert regions of Arizona.This is information about the cacti's ________.

A)habitat
B)niche
C)biosphere
D)succession

Question 18

Alfalfa plants occur symbiotically with bacteria that can convert nitrogen gas to ammonium in a process called ________.

A)nitrogen fixation
B)fertilizers
C)nitrification
D)nitroprocessing

Question 19

A certain species of tiny wasp lays its eggs within the bodies of caterpillars,whereupon the larvae of the wasp consume the 10-gram caterpillar.Assuming that the entire victim was consumed,what would be the total mass of the eventual adult wasps that emerge from the caterpillar?

A)10 grams
B)1 gram
C)100 grams
D)2 grams

Question 20

The interactions and exchange of energy between all feeding levels is known as a ________.

A)food web
B)feeding frenzy
C)trophic level
D)food succession

Question 21

All the potentially interacting species in an ecosystem are said to make up a(n)________.

Question 22

Predict the result when a phosphate-containing chemical is released by a factory into a pond.

A)All living things will always die in such cases.
B)Eutrophication will occur.
C)Climax species will invade.
D)Predatory fish will increase in population faster than other living things.

Question 23

If you were raising frying chickens,how much meat could you produce given a metric ton (1000 kg,or 2200 lbs)of feed?

A)200 kg
B)100 kg
C)800 kg
D)1000 kg

Question 24

The progression of species that would take place in an abandoned field is called ________.

Question 25

Park officials needed to repair the old mill dam in a state park and so had to drain the pond behind,killing all the animals and many of the plants in the water.After the pond reformed and many years passed,a certain species of fish established itself in the pond and remained there for more than 400 years.Which most directly describes the role of that type of fish?

A)climax species
B)pioneer
C)producers
D)invaders

Question 26

The study of the interactions among organisms and between organisms and the environment is called ________.

Question 27

A(n)________ is a diagram in which blocks represent each trophic level.

Question 28

Crop rotation occurs where different types of plants are grown on the land each season.If you had no access to chemical fertilizers,which of the following would be best to include in your rotation cycle?

A)corn
B)tobacco
C)cotton
D)beans

Question 29

A plot of water-soaked soil will have less of the form of nitrogen known as ________ than dry soil.

Question 30

The Humboldt Current,a river of cold water running deep beneath the Pacific Ocean,sweeps eastward toward the South American coast until it hits the coastline where it is forced upward near the surface.Deep sediments come up along with the cold water.Predict what you would find along that coast.

A)tremendous biomass
B)very few sea birds
C)lots of rain
D)limited algae

Question 31

The shaggy-mane mushroom lives beneath broadleaf forest trees and aids in decomposition of forest litter.You have just learned something about what specific type of ecological information concerning this fungus?

A)the biosphere
B)the population dynamics
C)the niche
D)the phosphorus cycle

Question 32

Dieldrin was a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide that was remarkably useful against termites because it did not seem to degrade when applied to wood.What issue would you expect with its use?

A)biological magnification
B)expressive toxicity
C)chlorination
D)decomposition

Question 33

________ describes the number of individuals at each trophic level multiplied by their dry weight.

Question 34

Which of these options would be the most efficient human food source?

A)beef
B)soybeans
C)swordfish
D)chicken

Question 35

The recent increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide has produced ________,according to the textbook and most scientists.

Question 36

The element molybdenum is vital in the process of nitrogen fixation.For which crop would molybdenum be most critical to ensure success?

A)alfalfa
B)wheat
C)cauliflower
D)apples

Question 37

The biosphere consists of many ________,each consisting of the organisms in a specific geographic area and their physical environment.

Question 38

The fly agaric,a giant toadstool,consumes dead organic material so it is said to be a ________.

Question 39

A certain species of flea only drinks the blood of elephants.How would you best describe this flea's trophic level?

A)producer
B)primary consumer
C)secondary consumer
D)decomposer

Question 40

________ is an important component of many biological molecules,including the genetic material DNA and energy transfer molecules such as ATP.

Question 41

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
The study of the relationships between organisms and their environment.

Question 42

The ________ cycle lacks an atmospheric component.

Question 43

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
This form of carbon results from cell respiration.

Question 44

What are the differences between primary and secondary succession?

Question 45

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
Most of the non-cycling carbon is in this form.

Question 46

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
Water evaporation from leaves is called this.

Question 47

A(n)________ includes all the individuals of the same species that can potentially interact.

Question 48

How has human activity added to eutrophication of freshwater lakes?

Question 49

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
These are organisms that consume both live plants and animals to fulfill their metabolic requirements in an ecosystem.

Question 50

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
The animals that eat plants exclusively as their main energy source.

Question 51

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
Diatoms perform photosynthesis,so they fill this role in the community.

Question 52

Two human activities,burning fossil fuels and ________,are important causes of the increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Question 53

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
Yeasts consume garbage and other dead organic matter so they are called this.

Question 54

Why is it wiser to eat a diet with more plants in it than one with more meat?

Question 55

On average,about ________% of the energy in one trophic level is transferred to the next.

Question 56

The process by which light energy is used by plants,algae,and cyanobacteria to form sugar is called ________.

Question 57

Hoda,now pregnant,barbequed a shark that her uncle caught in a bay.Upstream from that bay was an old coal mine that was draining into the local river.What should you warn Hoda about?

Question 58

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
A lion feeds only on mammals,so would be said to be this.

Question 59

Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column.

A)Herbivores
B)Carbon dioxide
C)Producers
D)Carnivore
E)Limestone
F)Ecology
G)Primary consumers
H)Decomposers
I)Transpiration
J)Omnivores
The animals that consume plants,algae,or cyanobacteria for their metabolic requirements.

Question 60

The sedimentary rock known as ________ stores carbon deposited by the shells of ocean animals.

Question 61

Why is the total biomass of secondary consumers normally less than that of primary consumers?

Question 62

A visitor to a tropical American forest will probably never get to see a jaguar,the largest native cat species in the Americas,but will see many plant-eating monkeys.Use your knowledge of energy pyramids to explain the rarity of the predatory cats.

Question 63

PCBs were frequently used in electrical transformers.A young man digs in an abandoned industrial site,finding old transformers,and sells the copper wire from them to a scrap yard.What health problems might the young man have in the future?

Question 64

A backhoe operator is helping to clear land that will be used for a poultry farm when the equipment opens up a hidden chamber in which old electrical transformers have been buried.The operator knows that transformers contain PCBs.Why should this person warn the owners of the land?

Question 65

A developer plans to chop down several healthy trees on her property,burn them,and put a huge concrete pad in their place.Why are these activities environmentally unwise?

Question 66

What are the benefits of maintaining biodiversity?