Deck 17: Quantitative Module

Question 1

The "floating assembly line" in Venice operated ________.

A)centuries before the Industrial Revolution
B)during the Industrial Revolution
C)shortly after the Industrial Revolution
D)long after the Industrial Revolution

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in controlling costs is best shown by which of the following?

A)inventory systems
B)warehouses for materials
C)wine breaks for employees
D)an accounting system

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Convincing the ministers who controlled money and resources in ancient Egypt that building a pyramid was worth the effort is evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)leading

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in job satisfaction is best shown by which of the following?

A)inventory systems
B)warehouses for materials
C)wine breaks for employees
D)an accounting system

Question 5

The Industrial Revolution is largely credited with ushering in the birth of ________.

A)the corporation
B)fair pay for workers
C)craftsmanship
D)fair treatment for workers

Question 6

Getting 100,000 workers to work together to build an enormous pyramid is evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)budgeting

Question 7

Henry Ford's statement that "History is more or less bunk" is best refuted by which of the following statements?

A)History has been shown to be 100 percent accurate.
B)History can put current activities in perspective.
C)Historical facts are seldom proven to be wrong.
D)People who write history always have an agenda.

Question 8

The shipbuilding facility in fifteenth-century Venice resembled ________.

A)an auto assembly line
B)how Silicon Valley workers design new software
C)how handmade sweaters are knitted
D)how a chef makes a superb pasta dish

Question 9

Proof that the pyramids were well-managed projects can be seen in the fact that they ________.

A)are famous the world over
B)are unique
C)have lasted thousands of years
D)were built in a desert land

Question 10

What we call job specialization today was termed this in the eighteenth century.

A)hierarchy
B)job sharing
C)division of work
D)division of labor

Question 11

________ was a strong proponent of division of labor.

A)Max Weber
B)Frederick W. Taylor
C)Adam Smith
D)Henry Gantt

Question 12

Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in keeping track of materials is best shown by which of the following?

A)an accounting system
B)an assembly line
C)an inventory system
D)wine breaks for employees

Question 13

The most important pre-twentieth century development in management was the ________.

A)Industrial Revolution
B)personal computer
C)building of the Brooklyn Bridge
D)American Revolution

Question 14

The Industrial Revolution made ________ necessary for manufacturing organization's success for the first time in history.

A)decentralization
B)customer satisfaction
C)product demand
D)management

Question 15

Industrial Revolution factories needed accurate demand forecasts to avoid making ________ products.

A)too few
B)too many
C)too many or too few
D)too large or too small

Question 16

The best evidence that managers must have guided the construction of the Egyptian pyramids is ________.

A)how long ago they were built
B)the fact that they were built by hand
C)their sheer size
D)their majestic beauty

Question 17

How many workers were involved in building a single Egyptian pyramid?

A)millions
B)tens of millions
C)about 50,000
D)about 100,000

Question 18

The size and scope of Industrial Revolution factories made such things as ________ necessary for companies.

A)materials
B)hierarchical organization
C)supplies
D)revenues and costs

Question 19

Making sure that a pyramid is built on time and according to plan is evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)leading

Question 20

Successfully designing a 450-foot-tall pyramid is primarily evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)leading

Question 21

Frederick W.Taylor is most closely associated with which of the following?

A)general administrative theory
B)time-and-motion studies
C)idealistic workplace
D)scientific management

Question 22

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were best known in management circles for ________.

A)time-and-motion studies
B)industrial psychology
C)the Fourteen Principles of Management
D)scientific management

Question 23

Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how extensively employees participate in decision making in an organization.

A)division of labor
B)centralization
C)order
D)equity

Question 24

Fayol's principle of ________ states that an employee in an organization should answer to only one superior.

A)authority
B)unity of command
C)equity
D)centralization

Question 25

Max Weber felt this was an ideal form of organization.

A)a democracy
B)a work group
C)a bureaucracy
D)a meritocracy

Question 26

________ is the originator of the Principles of Management.

A)Henri Fayol
B)Max Weber
C)Hugo Munsterberg
D)Henry Gantt

Question 27

According to Henri Fayol, the principle of ________ requires employees to respect the rules of their organization.

A)equity
B)remuneration
C)discipline
D)order

Question 28

Cheaper by the Dozen is a book about this topic.

A)efficiency in bulk buying
B)life in a large family
C)the rise of Japanese manufacturing
D)the theory of pricing

Question 29

Henry Gantt developed graphical methods to help managers with ________ problems.

A)discipline
B)scheduling
C)leadership
D)decision-making

Question 30

Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations was first published in the same ________ as the Declaration of Independence.

A)city
B)year
C)publishing house
D)country

Question 31

Job specialization entails breaking down a complex job into ________.

A)five key components
B)broad general categories
C)simple, narrow repetitive tasks
D)nonrepeating tasks

Question 32

Fayol's principle of ________ states that employees in an organization should be fairly compensated for their labor.

A)remuneration
B)discipline
C)authority
D)unity of command

Question 33

Real world studies have shown that division of labor ________.

A)results in dramatic, permanent productivity increases
B)has drawbacks
C)has no drawbacks
D)works only in very small organizations

Question 34

What inspired Robert Owen to devote efforts into creating a safer workplace?

A)possible profit from factories
B)articles in the newspaper
C)deplorable factory conditions
D)greedy factory owners

Question 35

Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how to build harmony and unity in an organization.

A)centralization
B)equity
C)order
D)esprit de corps

Question 36

Robert Owen tried to develop ________ to improve the workplace conditions in factories.

A)managerial scheduling methods
B)what he termed the idealistic workplace
C)general administrative theory
D)industrial psychology

Question 37

Early proponents of division of labor made claims that it could dramatically ________.

A)improve employee morale
B)increase sales
C)increase quality
D)increase productivity

Question 38

Max Weber helped ________.

A)develop the idea of the idealistic workplace
B)develop general administrative theory
C)develop scientific management
D)carry out time-and-motion studies

Question 39

Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how extensively employees participate in decision making.

A)discipline
B)remuneration
C)initiative
D)authority

Question 40

According to Henri Fayol, the principle of ________ gives managers the right to give orders.

A)discipline
B)centralization
C)order
D)authority

Question 41

Organizational behavior (OB)uses ________ experiments to find out how and why people behave in certain ways.

A)nontheoretical
B)animal
C)laboratory
D)empirical

Question 42

A problem with the theories of both Maslow and McGregor is that they ________.

A)made no intuitive sense
B)focused exclusively on fear as a motivating factor
C)were never questioned by researchers
D)were never supported by empirical research

Question 43

Maslow felt that once a need was satisfied, it ________.

A)made people very happy
B)motivated people strongly to maintain the need
C)made people lazy
D)stopped being a motivating factor for people

Question 44

Which of the following is most closely associated with making the workplace more humane?

A)the classical approaches
B)the human relations movement
C)the Hawthorne studies
D)the general administrative theory

Question 45

Mary Parker Follett's work was devoted to identifying differences in the way individuals behaved when they were ________.

A)under stress
B)discriminated against
C)lacking in resources
D)in groups

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT a topic that is addressed by organizational behavior research?

A)motivation
B)managing conflict
C)demand forecasts
D)establishing trust

Question 47

This was one of the conclusions of the Hawthorne studies engineers.

A)Group pressure can affect individual productivity.
B)Group pressure has no effect on individual productivity.
C)Light levels can affect individual productivity.
D)Noise levels can affect individual productivity.

Question 48

A good model for Mary Parker Follett's view of a successful organization might be ________.

A)a movie theater audience
B)a state legislature
C)a beehive
D)a college classroom

Question 49

The Hawthorne studies engineers found that brighter light levels in the factory ________ productivity.

A)dramatically increased
B)had no consistent effect on
C)decreased
D)slightly increased

Question 50

Hugo Munsterberg suggested that psychological tests could be helpful in ________ for an organization.

A)finding customers
B)selecting employees
C)firing employees
D)selecting advertisements

Question 51

The organizers of the Hawthorne studies expected worker productivity to be proportional to ________ in the factory.

A)light intensity levels
B)pay rates
C)temperature levels
D)noise levels

Question 52

A manager might turn to organizational behavior research when he or she has problems ________.

A)controlling costs
B)with budgets
C)with scheduling
D)building employee trust

Question 53

Prior to the Hawthorne studies, managers paid little attention to the role of ________ in making decisions.

A)productivity
B)human behavior
C)efficiency
D)cost control

Question 54

________ felt that managers could learn how to motivate workers better by studying basic human behavior.

A)Mary Parker Follett
B)Hugo Munsterberg
C)Robert Owen
D)Douglas McGregor

Question 55

A conclusion that engineers from the Hawthorne studies made was that people behave ________ when they are being observed.

A)differently
B)consistently
C)naturally
D)comfortably

Question 56

From the Hawthorne studies' results, you might predict that the performance of a poor performing individual might ________ when he or she joins a high performing group.

A)increase
B)decrease
C)not change
D)become erratic

Question 57

Robert Owen, Mary Parker Follett, and Hugo Munsterberg wrote extensively about how important ________ to an organization's success.

A)people are
B)top-level managers are
C)resources are
D)financial backing is

Question 58

Which person was best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y?

A)Douglas McGregor
B)Abraham Maslow
C)Robert Owen
D)Elton Mayo

Question 59

Which person was best known for developing the hierarchy of needs theory?

A)Elton Mayo
B)Abraham Maslow
C)Hugo Munsterberg
D)Douglas McGregor

Question 60

Mary Parker Follett felt that an organization functioned best when employees had a strong sense of this.

A)individual independence
B)group ethic
C)autonomy
D)self-confidence

Question 61

The "Whiz Kids" applied statistical methods to management at ________.

A)the Western Electric Company
B)the Ford Motor Company
C)IBM
D)the Sony Corporation

Question 62

Which of the following is most closely associated with the work of W.Edwards Deming?

A)total quality management
B)the Hawthorne studies
C)the general administrative theory
D)the human relations movement

Question 63

These organizations were the first to employ the ideas of quality experts such as W.Edwards Deming and Joseph M.Duran.

A)Japanese companies
B)Chinese companies
C)American companies
D)Canadian companies

Question 64

A contingency variable is a factor that can ________.

A)make an organization successful
B)destroy an organization
C)influence choice of managerial style
D)improve organizational morale

Question 65

One of the key components of total quality management (TQM)is a focus on ________ improvement.

A)gradual
B)dramatic
C)continual
D)meaningful

Question 66

In an open system, a manager is responsible for managing ________.

A)just the internal company itself and not the external environment
B)just the external environment
C)both the internal and the external environment
D)the inputs but not the outputs

Question 67

Which of the following is a contingency variable?

A)how successful an organization is
B)how large an organization is
C)how well known an organization is
D)how well managed an organization is

Question 68

Material inputs in an open system organization include ________.

A)capital
B)human resources
C)raw materials
D)information

Question 69

A system is defined as a set of interrelated and interdependent parts that function ________.

A)as separate entities
B)together as a unified whole
C)in competition with one another
D)without any link to the outside world

Question 70

The quantitative approach to management was largely used to improve ________.

A)productivity
B)efficiency
C)decision making
D)planning

Question 71

The idea of an organization being an open system was borrowed from this discipline.

A)mathematics
B)the physical sciences
C)game theory
D)psychology

Question 72

A typical organization can be characterized as ________.

A)a one-way system
B)a closed system
C)an open system
D)a virtual system

Question 73

Material outputs in an open system organization include ________.

A)services
B)products
C)raw materials
D)information

Question 74

Managers began to look at how systems theory related to organizations in this decade.

A)1940s
B)1950s
C)1960s
D)1980s

Question 75

Contingency approaches to management contend that ________.

A)situations determine managerial approach
B)all organizations should be managed in the same way
C)managers determine managerial approach
D)no two organizations should be managed the same way

Question 76

Which of the following is NOT a contingency variable?

A)routineness of tasks performed
B)organizational size
C)environmental uncertainty
D)organizational history

Question 77

Many techniques in the quantitative approach to management were borrowed from ________.

A)computer models
B)the physical sciences
C)the military
D)biological science

Question 78

Which of the following is NOT included as part of the quantitative approach to management?

A)statistics
B)optimization models
C)organizational behavior
D)computer simulations

Question 79

The only item that serves as both an input and an output in an open system organization is ________.

A)capital
B)information
C)technology
D)products

Question 80

Which of the following is a key element of total quality management (TQM)?

A)responding to customer needs
B)responding to employee needs
C)anticipating moves of competitors
D)anticipating employee needs