Deck 3: Workforce Diversity, Equal Employment Opportunity, and Affirmative Action

Question 1

It is estimated that ________ of Fortune 500 firms ban discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation.

A) 50%
B) 86%
C) 36%
D) 25%

Answer 1

B
Explanation: B) An estimated 86 percent of Fortune 500 firms now ban discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, up from 61 percent in 2002.

Question 2

President Obama decided that the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act that bars federal recognition of same sex marriages ________.

A) was constitutional
B) was immune from constitutional questions
C) was unconstitutional
D) was neutral from a constitutional point of view

Answer 2

C
Explanation: C) President Obama decided that the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act that bars federal recognition of same sex marriages was unconstitutional and told the Justice Department to stop defending the law in court, bringing harsh criticism from many congressional members.

Question 3

In today's workplace, the definition of diversity is ________.

A) focused on affirmative action
B) constantly changing and expanding
C) understood by everyone in the workplace
D) all about equal employment opportunity

Answer 3

B
Explanation: B) Diversity is more than equal employment and affirmative action; the actual definition is constantly changing and expanding.

Question 4

According to ________, "Diversity is about our relatedness, our connectedness, our interactions, where the lines cross."

A) Barack Obama
B) Harris Sussman
C) R. Roosevelt Thomas, Jr.
D) Kathy Hannan

Question 5

Which term refers to ensuring that factors are in place to encourage the continued development of a productive and diverse workforce by melding actual and perceived differences among workers?

A) EEOC management
B) affirmative management
C) diversity management
D) adverse impact management

Question 6

When Walgreens opened a state-of-the-art distribution center in Windsor, Connecticut, the firm had a goal of filling at least one-third of all jobs with ________.

A) minority women
B) individuals with disabilities
C) workers over the age of 55
D) young workers with limited skills

Question 7

Managers at Quick Communications have noticed that the firm frequently loses talented female employees after they have children. Which of the following would most likely help the firm retain these female employees?

A) offering job rotation opportunities
B) expanding healthcare benefits
C) offering flexible schedules
D) emphasizing diversity

Question 8

Tanya and Jack are married and have two children. Tanya works as a nurse at a local hospital, and Jack is an accountant. Which term best describes Tanya and Jack?

A) dual-career family
B) multi-career couple
C) baby boomer couple
D) diverse family

Question 9

Women-owned businesses account for nearly ________ of all enterprises in the market today.

A) one-quarter
B) one-half
C) one-third
D) two-thirds

Question 10

In order to achieve diversity in the workplace, management must ________.

A) foster a culture that values individuals and their wide array of needs and contributions
B) walk a fine line between political correctness and protectionism
C) focus on laws, court decisions, and executive orders
D) cultivate the bureaucracy and preserve the status quo

Question 11

What is the LEAST likely reason that the trend in layoffs involves retaining older workers rather than younger workers?

A) Older workers are less expensive for firms to employ.
B) Federal laws protect older workers from discrimination.
C) Older workers serve as role models for younger workers.
D) The customer service skills of older workers are desired by firms.

Question 12

Polls in the USA show that the public is evenly divided on ________.

A) equal rights for gay people
B) same-sex marriage
C) equal opportunity for gays in the workplace
D) overturning "don't ask, don't tell"

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an employer de-skilling a job to make it possible for lower-skilled workers to enter the workforce?

A) Burger King paying above the minimum wage
B) Walmart offering succession training programs
C) McDonald's using pictures on cash register keys
D) Target hiring seasonal employees at its warehouses

Question 14

What term refers to any perceived difference among people, such as age, profession, lifestyle, or position?

A) diversity
B) culture
C) climate
D) environment

Question 15

In 2012, President Obama repealed the ________ barring the military from allowing gays to serve openly.

A) "live and let live" rule
B) "know nothing, speak nothing" rule
C) "don't ask, don't tell" rule
D) "can do, no can do" rule

Question 16

According to Professor Ella Bell, what term refers to the stress of coping with membership in two cultures simultaneously?

A) minority stress
B) cultural stress
C) role reversal
D) bicultural stress

Question 17

The concept of ________ as a legitimate workplace diversity issue has gained increasing recognition.

A) multigenerational diversity
B) race and ethnicity
C) sexual orientation
D) disability

Question 18

According to diversity experts, diversity management requires employers to do all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A) develop patience
B) keep an open mind
C) maintain a quota system
D) cultivate cultural awareness

Question 19

In the aftermath of the 2008-2010 recession, many Baby Boomers are delaying retirement. According to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, ________ will be working in 2022.

A) 3.2 million workers 65 and over
B) 20.5 million workers 65 and over
C) 13.2 million workers 65 and over
D) 7.3 million workers 65 and over

Question 20

Creating a supportive work environment in which all people can be effective is a characteristic of ________.

A) EEOC guidelines
B) affirmative action
C) diversity management
D) adverse impact management

Question 21

You are an HR manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday, you heard one of your recruiters ask an applicant the following question: "What is your religion?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based upon?

A) No, it is an acceptable question.
B) Yes, Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
C) Yes, Griggs v Duke Power Company
D) Yes, Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 22

You are a human resource manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday you heard one of your recruiters ask an applicant the following question: "How old are you?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based on?

A) No, it is an acceptable question.
B) Yes, Age Discrimination in Employment Act
C) Yes, Civil Rights Act of 1991
D) Yes, American with Disabilities Act

Question 23

Which federal legislation is based on the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution?

A) Equal Pay Act of 1963
B) Civil Rights Act of 1866
C) Rehabilitation Act of 1973
D) Age Discrimination Act of 1967

Question 24

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act applies to employers with ________ or more employees.

A) 15
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75

Question 25

In the landmark decision involving ________, the Supreme Court unanimously decided that an employee who was linked to a coworker who made a discrimination charge should also be protected from workplace retaliation.

A) Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway Co. v White
B) Ledbetter v Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Inc.
C) Thompson v North American Stainless L.P.U.S.
D) Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation

Question 26

According to Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, employers may not discriminate based on ________.

A) age
B) religion
C) disability
D) pregnancy

Question 27

What Supreme Court case ruled that there is an implied right to sue on a retaliation basis under the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

A) Grutter v Bollinger
B) CBOCS West Inc. v Humphries
C) O'Connor v Consolidated Coin Caterers Corporation
D) Wards Cove Packing Company, Inc. v Atonio

Question 28

What is the most significant regulation issued by EEOC?

A) Federal Guidelines on Discrimination
B) Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures
C) Adverse Impact Selection Guidelines and Procedures
D) Universal Guidelines on Selection and Discrimination

Question 29

Comparable worth is best defined as ________.

A) performance assessment
B) equal responsibility
C) pay equity
D) merit pay

Question 30

Which act prohibits an employer from paying an employee of one gender less money than an employee of the opposite gender where the jobs require equal skills, effort, and responsibility and are performed under similar working conditions?

A) Walsh-Healey Act
B) Davis-Bacon Act
C) Fair Labor Standards Act
D) Equal Pay Act

Question 31

The Equal Pay Act permits pay distinctions to be made based on certain factors. Which of the following is NOT one of those factors?

A) gender
B) merit system
C) seniority system
D) production quality

Question 32

The Age Discrimination Act is administered by the ________.

A) Department of Justice
B) Department of Labor
C) EEOC
D) OFCCP

Question 33

What is the reason that the Civil Rights Act of 1866 remains a force in equal employment opportunity law?

A) no statute of limitations
B) more coverage than Civil Rights Act of 1964
C) severe penalties for employer discrimination
D) includes age and race discrimination provisions

Question 34

Anita is applying for a job with Greyhound Bus to work as an intercity bus driver. According to a 1974 court ruling regarding Greyhound, Anita must be age ________ or younger.

A) 35
B) 45
C) 55
D) 65

Question 35

The Age Discrimination Act differs from Title VII of the Civil Rights Act in that it ________.

A) provides for a trial by jury
B) does not cover exempt employees
C) is administered by the EEOC
D) does not pertain to employment agencies

Question 36

Which of the following agencies is responsible for enforcing Title VII?

A) Bureau of Labor Statistics
B) Department of Justice
C) EEOC
D) OFCCP

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT True about the Age Discrimination in Employment Act?

A) provides for a trial by jury
B) applies to anyone age 40 or older
C) carries a criminal penalty provision
D) applies to firms with at least 10 employees

Question 38

The burden of proving the necessity for a BFOQ rests entirely on the ________.

A) OFCCP
B) EEOC
C) employer
D) employee

Question 39

Tom is a pilot for Southwest Airlines. According to court rulings, at what age must Tom retire from his job as a commercial pilot?

A) 55
B) 60
C) 65
D) 70

Question 40

What Supreme Court case ruled that discrimination charges must be filed within 180 days of the allegedly discriminatory pay decision?

A) Ledbetter v Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., Inc.
B) Espinoza v Farah Manufacturing Company
C) Weber v Kaiser Aluminum Corporation
D) Albemarle Paper Company v Moody

Question 41

Which law establishes criminal and civil sanctions against employers who hire an individual knowing he or she is an unauthorized alien?

A) Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act
B) Immigration Reform and Control Act
C) Homeland Security Act
D) Rehabilitation Act

Question 42

Holly, an IT specialist at a bank, is eight months pregnant and experiencing some medical complications. As a result, Holly's doctor has ordered Holly to remain home on bed-rest for the last month of her pregnancy. According to the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, Holly is entitled to receive ________.

A) disability benefits
B) flexible benefits
C) scheduling options
D) early retirement

Question 43

In 2008, the Americans with Disabilities Act Amendments Act ________.

A) excluded millions of people from the ADA's protection
B) narrowed the ADA's definition of "disability"
C) left the ADA's definition of "disability" unchanged
D) brought millions more people within the ADA's projection

Question 44

The Rehabilitation Act is administered by the ________.

A) Department of Labor
B) Department of Justice
C) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
D) Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs

Question 45

Kayla, who has dyslexia, is employed by a non-profit organization that has received a $90,000 federal grant. Which law most likely protects Kayla against employer discrimination?

A) Uniformed Services Employment Act of 1994
B) Civil Rights Act of 1991
C) Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
D) Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Question 46

You are a human resource manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday, you heard one of your recruiters ask an applicant the following question: "What previous medical conditions have you experienced?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based on?

A) No, Weber v Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation
B) Yes, Age Discrimination in Employment Act
C) Yes, Civil Rights Act of 1991
D) Yes, American with Disabilities Act

Question 47

All of the following are provisions of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 EXCEPT ________.

A) employers that hire illegal aliens could face criminal charges
B) illegal aliens denied employment visas for at least 180 days
C) illegal aliens denied federally funded welfare benefits
D) employment eligibility must be verified

Question 48

All of the following were changes that resulted from the ADAAA being enacted in 2008 EXCEPT ________.

A) expanding the definition of "disability"
B) eliminating the "substantially limited" requirement
C) minimizing protections for current illegal drug users
D) defining and expanding the term "major life activities"

Question 49

The primary purpose of the Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act is to ________.

A) protect the jobs of National Guard members and Reservists
B) ensure that sufficient benefits are provided to war veterans
C) provide government jobs to National Guard members
D) help Reservists find new jobs after military service

Question 50

Under the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act, anyone unlawfully present in the United States for one year or more is subject to a ________-year bar for admission to the United States.

A) one
B) three
C) five
D) ten

Question 51

The Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits discrimination during ________.

A) recruitment and selection only
B) layoffs and leaves only
C) hiring and firing only
D) all employment practices

Question 52

Under the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act, anyone unlawfully present in the United States for 180 days, but less than one year will be subject to a ________-year ban for admission to the United States.

A) one
B) three
C) five
D) ten

Question 53

The ________ is a requirement designed to ensure that a soldier who is a returning employee is not penalized for the time spent on active duty.

A) protection principle
B) universal principle
C) escalator principle
D) temporary principle

Question 54

The invisible barrier in organizations which prevents many women and minorities from achieving top level management positions is called the ________.

A) glass ceiling
B) marble mantle
C) stone staircase
D) granite hurdle

Question 55

Which case established that firms may not require pre-employment medical examinations before making hiring decisions?

A) Noe v Delta Airlines
B) Premeaux v Continental Airlines
C) Leonel v American Airlines
D) Phelps v Northwest Airlines

Question 56

Which act codified the concepts of business necessity and job related?

A) Immigration Act of 1990
B) Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
C) Civil Rights Act of 1978
D) Civil Rights Act of 1991

Question 57

Under the Rehabilitation Act, if the contract or subcontract exceeds ________, or if the contractor has ________ or more employees, a written affirmative action program must be prepared.

A) $25,000; 25
B) $50,000; 50
C) $100,000; 100
D) $250,000; 250

Question 58

Which law amended the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and provided appropriate remedies for intentional discrimination in the workplace?

A) Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
B) Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
C) Rehabilitation Act of 1973
D) Civil Rights Act of 1991

Question 59

Hannigan Lumber employs 155 workers. One of the firm's former employees used the Civil Rights Act of 1991 to file and win a discrimination lawsuit against Hannigan Lumber. What is the maximum amount of punitive damages that the former employee could receive?

A) $50,000
B) $100,000
C) $200,000
D) $300,000

Question 60

When dealing with the national origin provision of the Civil Rights Act, IRCA reduces coverage from fifteen employees to ________.

A) ten
B) six
C) five
D) four

Question 61

Denise, an accounts manager for a restaurant chain, has filed a discrimination charge with the EEOC. What is the most likely next step in the EEOC process?

A) EEOC conducts an investigation.
B) EEOC attempts a no-fault settlement.
C) EEOC recommends proceeding with litigation.
D) EEOC attempts to reach a conciliation between the parties.

Question 62

When EEOC regulations conflict with state or local civil rights regulations, which will be followed?

A) federal laws
B) state laws
C) local laws
D) the law that favors women and minorities

Question 63

Which of the following cases involved reverse discrimination?

A) University of California Regents v Bakke
B) Espinoza v Farah Manufacturing Company
C) Weber v Kaiser Aluminum Corporation
D) Albemarle Paper Company v Moody

Question 64

In which 2003 Supreme Court decision was it said that in trying to achieve diversity, colleges and universities cannot use point systems that blindly give extra credit to minority applicants?

A) Adarand Constructors v Pena
B) Wards Cove Packing Company, Inc. v Atonio
C) Gratz v Bollinger
D) Grutter v Bollinger

Question 65

According to the Uniform Guidelines, any instrument or procedure used in the selection decision is considered a(n) ________.

A) disparate tool
B) appraisal
C) necessity
D) test

Question 66

In which 2003 decision did the Supreme Court rule that colleges and universities have a "compelling interest" in achieving diverse campuses?

A) Wards Cove Packing Company, Inc. v Atonio
B) Grutter v Bollinger
C) Gratz v Bollinger
D) University of California Regents v Bakke

Question 67

You are a human resource manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday, you heard one of your recruiters ask an applicant the following question: "Have you ever had your wages garnished?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based on?

A) No, Firefighters Local Union 1984 v Carl W. Stotts
B) Yes, Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
C) Yes, Griggs v Duke Power Company
D) Yes, Dothard v Rawlingson

Question 68

You are a human resource manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday you heard one of your recruiters ask a woman applicant the following question: "Do you plan to have any more children?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based on?

A) No, Espinoza v Farah Manufacturing Company
B) Yes, Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
C) No, Griggs v Duke Power Company
D) Yes, Dothard v Rawlingson

Question 69

Lisa believes she has been discriminated against by her employer and intends to file charges with the EEOC. Lisa must file the discrimination charges within ________ days of the alleged act; however, the time is extended to ________ days if a state or local agency becomes involved in the case.

A) 50; 100
B) 100; 200
C) 150; 300
D) 180; 300

Question 70

In which Supreme Court decision was it ruled that the company had discriminated against a woman because she had young children?

A) Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
B) Espinoza v Farah Manufacturing Company
C) Weber v Kaiser Aluminum Corporation
D) Albemarle Paper Company v Moody

Question 71

In Phillips v Martin Marietta, the court ruled that the employer discriminated against a woman when it denied her employment because she ________.

A) had a permanent disability
B) was over 40 years of age
C) had young children
D) was divorced

Question 72

The impact of Dothard v Rawlingson was that ________ must be job related.

A) selection tests
B) performance appraisals
C) weight requirements
D) application forms

Question 73

Which Supreme Court decision established that employers must show that an employment practice is job-related?

A) Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
B) Griggs v Duke Power Company
C) Albemarle Paper v Moody
D) Kaiser Aluminum v Weber

Question 74

Which Supreme Court decision upheld that any test used in the selection process must be validated if it is found its use has had an adverse impact on women and minorities?

A) Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
B) Albemarle Paper Company v Moody
C) Espinoza v Farah Manufacturing Company
D) Weber v Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation

Question 75

The Veterans Opportunity to Work Act (VOW) of 2011 makes it ________.

A) more likely that returning veterans would have to take a cut in pay when they return to their jobs
B) harder for veterans to return to their civilian employment after completing their military service
C) easier for employees who are veterans to pursue hostile work environment claims against employers
D) harder for employees who are veterans to pursue hostile work environment claims against employers

Question 76

Elway Tire Company is a large manufacturing firm based in Texas. The highly diverse workforce at Elway requires the HR managers to ensure that all employment practices comply with local, state, and federal laws. Elway is expanding its operations and needs to hire 100 new technicians. Which of the following questions would most likely be appropriate to ask a female job candidate during an interview?

A) Are you a citizen of the U.S.?
B) How many children do you have?
C) Have you been convicted of a crime?
D) Have you ever had your wages garnished?

Question 77

In which case did the Supreme Court allow seniority and promotion systems to stand, although they unintentionally hurt minority workers?

A) Firefighters Local Union #1984 v Carl W. Stotts
B) Espinoza v Farah Manufacturing Company
C) Weber v Kaiser Aluminum Corporation
D) American Tobacco Company v Patterson

Question 78

You are a human resource manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday you heard one of your recruiters ask a woman applicant the following question: "How would you take care of your children if they were sick?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based on?

A) No, American Tobacco Company v Patterson
B) Yes, Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
C) No, Griggs v Duke Power Company
D) Yes, Dothard v Rawlingson

Question 79

You are a human resource manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday, you heard one of your recruiters ask an applicant the following question: "What is your citizenship?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based on?

A) No, Espinoza v Farah Manufacturing Company
B) Yes, Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
C) Yes, Griggs v Duke Power Company
D) No, Dothard v Rawlingson

Question 80

You are a human resource manager with a large manufacturing firm. Yesterday, you heard one of your recruiters ask a female applicant the following question: "Where does your husband work?" Would this be an employment standard to avoid? If this is an employment standard to avoid, what law or court decision is it based on?

A) No, Firefighters Local Union 1984 v Carl W. Stotts
B) Yes, Phillips v Martin Marietta Corporation
C) No, Griggs v Duke Power Company
D) Yes, Dothard v Rawlingson