Deck 12: Building Information Systems and Managing Projects

Question 1

User concerns and designer concerns are usually the same at the beginning of the project.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Documentation reveals how well the system has met its original objectives.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Intangible benefits of an information system are those that cannot be easily quantified.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A new information system is not considered in production until conversion is complete.

Question 5

Objects are grouped into hierarchies, and hierarchies into classes.

Question 6

Prototyping is more iterative than the conventional lifecycle.

Question 7

Gantt and PERT charts are two common formal planning tools for project management.

Question 8

More timely information is a tangible benefit of information systems.

Question 9

CASE tools facilitate the creation of clear documentation and the coordination of team development efforts.

Question 10

Failure to address properly the organizational changes surrounding the introduction of a new system can cause the demise of an otherwise good system.

Question 11

Businesses can use component-based development to create their e-commerce applications.

Question 12

A native app is one that is designed to run on a specific platform.

Question 13

In one form of outsourcing, a company hires an external vendor to create the software for its system, but operates the software on its own computers.

Question 14

Successful implementation of an information system requires the participation of end users in the project.

Question 15

End-user-developed systems can be completed more rapidly than those developed through the conventional programming tools.

Question 16

It is important for all systems development activities to be placed in sequential order.

Question 17

One problem with prototyping is that the systems constructed thereby may not be able to handle large quantities of data in a production environment.

Question 18

Scope describes the full length of time required to complete a project.

Question 19

An information systems plan shows how specific information systems fit into a company's overall business plan and business strategy.

Question 20

Object-oriented development is more iterative and incremental than traditional structured development.

Question 21

In a parallel conversion strategy, the new system:

A)is tested by an outsourced company.
B)replaces the old one at an appointed time.
C)and the old are run together.
D)is introduced in stages.

Question 22

In object-oriented development:

A)an object combines data and processes that act on the data into a single object.
B)data is separated into discrete, reusable objects that any processes may act upon.
C)an object comprises a single, reusable program that can be combined with other objects to form a robust application.
D)data categories are described as distinct objects, which can share characteristics with other objects.

Question 23

Which process develops a detailed description of the functions that a new information system must perform?

A)Feasibility study
B)Requirements analysis
C)Systems design
D)Test plan development

Question 24

In the traditional systems development lifecycle, end users:

A)are important and ongoing members of the team from the original analysis phase through maintenance.
B)are important only in the testing phases.
C)have no input.
D)are limited to providing information requirements and reviewing the technical staff's work.

Question 25

Which of the following is not part of the implementation process?

A)Evaluating the system
B)Testing
C)Systems analysis
D)Creating detailed design specifications

Question 26

Acceptance testing:

A)includes all the preparations for the trials.
B)tests the functioning of the system as a whole.
C)tests each program separately.
D)provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.

Question 27

Transferring data from a legacy system to the new system would be defined by which system design specification category?

A)Input
B)Database
C)Manual procedures
D)Conversion

Question 28

In a data flow diagram, external entities are represented by:

A)rounded boxes.
B)square boxes.
C)circles.
D)open rectangles.

Question 29

Developing an information system has been compared to the problem-solving process. Which one of the following problem-solving steps is not a part of systems analysis?

A)Implement the solution
B)Choose the best solution
C)Develop alternative solutions
D)Define and understand the problem

Question 30

The oldest method for building information systems is:

A)component-based development.
B)prototyping.
C)object-oriented development.
D)the systems development lifecycle.

Question 31

Unit testing:

A)includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
B)tests the functioning of the system as a whole.
C)tests each individual program separately.
D)provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.

Question 32

The entire system-building effort is driven by:

A)organizational change.
B)feasibility studies.
C)data.
D)user information requirements.

Question 33

Order the following steps in the systems development lifecycle in the correct sequence.

A)Systems analysis, systems design, programming, testing, conversion, production and maintenance
B)Systems analysis, systems design, programming, conversion, testing, production and maintenance
C)Systems design, systems analysis, programming, conversion, production and maintenance, and testing
D)Systems design, systems analysis, programming, testing, conversion, production and maintenance

Question 34

Systems design:

A)identifies the system's information requirements.
B)specifies how the new system will fulfill the information requirements.
C)identifies alternate solutions for solving the problem.
D)defines the problem and specifies its causes.

Question 35

In a direct cutover conversion strategy, the new system:

A)is tested by an outsourced company.
B)replaces the old one at an appointed time.
C)and the old are run together.
D)is introduced in stages.

Question 36

The Girl Scouts' conversion strategy of first introducing the modules for ordering cookies and then introducing the modules for transmitting orders and instructions to the cookie factory and shipper, is called a(n)________ strategy.

A)phased approach
B)direct cutover
C)indirect cutover
D)incremental conversion

Question 37

System testing:

A)includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.
B)tests the functioning of the system as a whole.
C)tests each program separately.
D)provides the final certification that the system is ready to be used in a production setting.

Question 38

What was the primary problem facing the Girl Scouts regarding their supply chain problems?

A)The ordering process was inefficient for a large volume of orders.
B)There were high error rates in ordering and fulfillment.
C)It required too much time of volunteers.
D)The paper-based system was outdated.

Question 39

Changes in hardware, software, documentation, or production to a production system to correct errors, meet new requirements, or improve processing efficiencies are termed:

A)compliance.
B)production.
C)maintenance.
D)acceptance.

Question 40

Which of the following is not one of the unique considerations in developing applications for a mobile platform?

A)Reduced screen space
B)Keyboard configuration
C)User gestures
D)Bandwidth constraints

Question 41

Object-oriented development could potentially reduce the time and cost of writing software because:

A)object-oriented programming requires less training.
B)iterative prototyping is not required.
C)objects are reusable.
D)a single user interface object can be used for the entire application.

Question 42

Management can control the development of end-user applications in part by:

A)developing a formal development methodology.
B)requiring cost justification for end-user IS projects.
C)establishing standards for project requirements.
D)requiring Gantt charts.

Question 43

You are an IT project manager for an advertising firm. The firm wishes to create an online survey tool that will be used to survey focus group reactions to products in development. The most important consideration for the firm is being able to offer the tool as soon as possible as a new corporate service. However, you know that many of the senior managers that are business owners of this project have difficulty in understanding technical or software development issues, and are likely to change their requirements during the course of development. What development method would be most successful for this project?

A)RAD
B)JAD
C)End-user development
D)Prototyping

Question 44

________ provides software tools to automate development methodologies and reduce the amount of repetitive work in systems development.

A)CASE
B)CAD
C)JAD
D)RAD

Question 45

To show each level of a system's design, its relationship to other levels, and its place in the overall design structure, structured methodologies use:

A)structure charts.
B)Gantt charts and PERT.
C)process specifications diagrams.
D)data flow diagrams.

Question 46

"Hidden costs," such as ________ costs, can easily undercut anticipated benefits from outsourcing.

A)vendor selection
B)hardware
C)software
D)employee salary

Question 47

The process of creating workable information systems in a very short period of time is called:

A)RAD.
B)JAD.
C)prototyping.
D)end-user development.

Question 48

When systems are created rapidly, without a formal development methodology:

A)end users can take over the work of IT specialists.
B)the organization quickly outgrows the new system.
C)hardware, software, and quality standards are less important.
D)testing and documentation may be inadequate.

Question 49

Of the following, which is the most important reason for creating a mobile version of a business's Web site?

A)Mobile devices provide access from anywhere.
B)Mobile devices use touch interfaces.
C)Mobile devices use lower bandwidth.
D)Mobile devices use different platforms.

Question 50

________ refers to the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to achieve specific targets within specified budget and time constraints.

A)Systems analysis
B)Systems design
C)Project management
D)Project implementation

Question 51

This type of systems development is characterized by significantly speeding the generation of information requirements and involving users at an intense level in the systems design.

A)RAD
B)JAD
C)Prototyping
D)End-user development

Question 52

Groups of objects are assembled into software components for common functions, which can be combined into large-scale business applications, in which type of software development?

A)Object-oriented development
B)Component-based development
C)Structured methodologies
D)RAD

Question 53

The primary tool for representing a system's component processes and the flow of data between them is the:

A)data dictionary.
B)process specifications diagram.
C)user documentation.
D)data flow diagram.

Question 54

The term structured, when discussing structured methodologies, refers to the fact that:

A)the finished software is highly documented.
B)the development process is highly documented.
C)the techniques are step by step, with each step building on the previous one.
D)a defined hierarchy of objects and classes are used to structure the programming.

Question 55

If an organization's requirements conflict with the software package chosen and the package cannot be customized, the organization should:

A)change its procedures.
B)outsource the development of the system.
C)redesign the RFP.
D)change the evaluation process.

Question 56

In an object-oriented development framework for a university, how would the classes Degree, Mathematics, and Physics be related?

A)Degree would be a sister class to Mathematics and Physics.
B)Degree is a superclass to Mathematics and Physics.
C)Mathematics and Physics would be ancestors to Degree.
D)Degree would be a subclass to Mathematics and Physics.

Question 57

An entire information system is broken down into its main subsystems by using:

A)high-level data flow diagrams.
B)low-level data flow diagrams.
C)process specifications.
D)structured diagrams.

Question 58

Which of the following is a technique used to create Web sites that will conform to the screen resolution of the user?

A)Native design
B)Responsive design
C)End-user design
D)Multi-platform design

Question 59

Object-oriented modeling is based on the concepts of:

A)objects and relationships.
B)classes and objects.
C)class and inheritance.
D)objects and inheritance.

Question 60

As a technical project manager you have decided to propose implementing a prototyping methodology for a small Web-based design project. What is the order of steps you will follow in this project?

A)Develop the prototype, use the prototype, revise and enhance the prototype.
B)Identify user requirements, develop the prototype, use the prototype, revise and enhance the prototype.
C)Define the requirements, develop solutions, select the best prototype, and implement the prototype.
D)Define the requirements, develop the prototype, revise and enhance the prototype.

Question 61

________ is a method for deciding among alternative systems based on a system of ratings for selected objectives.

A)A scoring model
B)A scorecard
C)Portfolio analysis
D)Risk analysis

Question 62

________ describe the transformation occurring within the lowest level of the data flow diagrams. They express the logic of each process.

A)Process specifications
B)Structure charts
C)DFDs
D)Component procedures

Question 63

Which of the following tools may help identify risk areas associated with employee acceptance of a new information system?

A)Formal planning software
B)Organizational impact analysis
C)System prototype
D)Feasibility study

Question 64

A test plan includes all the preparations for the series of tests to be performed on the system.

Question 65

A systems analysis includes a ________ that is used to determine whether the solution is achievable from a financial, technical, and organizational standpoint.

A)test plan
B)conversion plan
C)feasibility study
D)risk analysis

Question 66

A(n)________ is a detailed list of questions submitted to external vendors to determine how well they meet the organization's specific requirements.

A)RFP
B)RFQ
C)RAD
D)JAD

Question 67

________ are intangible benefits of information systems.

A)Improved asset utilization, increased organizational learning, and improved operations
B)Reduced workforce, lower outside vendor costs, and increased productivity
C)Increased productivity, reduced workforce, and increased job satisfaction
D)Lower operational costs, improved resource control, and more information

Question 68

PaaS are online development environments that enable developers to quickly write customer- or employee-facing Web applications.

Question 69

You would expect to find all of the following in an information systems plan except:

A)key business processes.
B)budget requirements.
C)portfolio analysis.
D)milestones and planning.

Question 70

Users prefer systems that:

A)are oriented to facilitating organizational tasks and solving business problems.
B)work with existing DBMS.
C)are able to provide optimum hardware and software efficiency.
D)are capable of storing much more data than they need.

Question 71

Which process is used to develop risk profiles for a firm's information system projects and assets?

A)Information systems plan
B)Scoring model
C)Portfolio analysis
D)Feasibility study

Question 72

The project risk will rise if the project team and the IS staff lack:

A)RAD experience.
B)web services.
C)the required technical expertise.
D)CASE tools.

Question 73

Which of the following Web development languages is used for mobile applications because it supports cross-platform mobile applications?

A)Java
B)Javascript
C)XML
D)HTML5

Question 74

Ergonomics is the interaction of people and machines in the work environment, including the design of jobs and legal issues.

Question 75

You have been hired by a pharmaceutical company to evaluate its portfolio of systems and IT projects. Which types of projects would be best avoided?

A)Any high-risk projects
B)Any low-benefit projects
C)High-risk, low-benefit projects
D)None - any project might be beneficial

Question 76

________ are tangible benefits of information systems.

A)Improved asset utilization, increased organizational learning, and improved operations
B)Reduced workforce, lower outside vendor costs, and increased productivity
C)Increased productivity, reduced workforce, and increased job satisfaction
D)Lower operational costs, improved resource control, and more information

Question 77

A prototype is the final working version of an information system.

Question 78

A ________ shows each task as a horizontal bar whose length is proportional to the time required to complete it.

A)PERT chart
B)DFD
C)feasibility study
D)Gantt chart

Question 79

A PERT chart:

A)portrays a project as a network diagram consisting of numbered nodes that represent tasks.
B)is used to evaluate project risk and time.
C)displays a horizontal bar for each project task.
D)tracks progress of, and modifications to, project tasks.

Question 80

A reduced workforce is an example of a tangible benefit of an information system.