Deck 11: Managing Knowledge

Question 1

Changing organizational behavior by sensing and responding to new experience and knowledge is called

A) change management.
B) knowledge networking.
C) the knowledge value chain.
D) organizational learning.
E) knowledge management.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of the importance of knowledge to a firm?

A) Knowledge experiences network effects as more people share it.
B) Knowledge should be seen as an intangible key asset.
C) Knowledge enables firms to become more efficient in their use of scarce resources.
D) Knowledge is unconditional.
E) Much of the firm's value relies on being able to create knowledge.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Specialized systems built for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge for a company are called

A) KWS.
B) LMS.
C) wikis.
D) CAD systems.
E) KMS.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The flow of events or transactions captured by an organization's system describes

A) information.
B) data.
C) wisdom.
D) knowledge.
E) experience.

Question 5

What is the first value-adding step in the knowledge business value chain?

A) acquire
B) data and information acquisition
C) store
D) disseminate
E) apply

Question 6

Both structured and unstructured documents can contain knowledge.

Question 7

Knowledge is universally applicable and easily moved.

Question 8

For a firm, organizational resources are needed to transform data into knowledge.

Question 9

The set of business processes, culture, and behavior required to obtain value from investments in information systems is one type of

A) knowledge culture.
B) knowledge discovery.
C) organizational and management capital.
D) organizational routine.
E) knowledge.

Question 10

Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter?

A) Knowledge is a firm asset.
B) Knowledge has different forms.
C) Knowledge has a location.
D) Knowledge is situational.
E) Knowledge is timeless.

Question 11

Which of the following does not describe the dimensions of knowledge in a firm?

A) It is contextual and applicable only in relevant situations.
B) It is intangible.
C) It is subject to the laws of diminishing returns.
D) It is a cognitive event involving mental models.
E) It is enmeshed in a firm's culture.

Question 12

________ knowledge exists in formal documents, as well as in formal rules that organizations derive by observing experts and their decision-making behaviors.

A) Unstructured
B) Tacit
C) Management
D) Explicit
E) Semi-structured

Question 13

Expertise of organizational members that has not been formally documented best describes

A) wisdom.
B) information.
C) data.
D) experience.
E) tacit knowledge.

Question 14

What is meant by the statement "knowledge is sticky"?

A) Knowledge is hard to move.
B) Knowledge is universally applicable.
C) Knowledge works only in certain situations.
D) Knowledge is intangible.
E) Knowledge is difficult to replace.

Question 15

Which of the following are the three major types of knowledge management systems?

A) management information systems, decision support systems, and transaction processing systems
B) enterprise systems, customer support systems, and supply chain management systems
C) database management systems, expert systems, and knowledge work systems
D) enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, knowledge work systems, and intelligent techniques
E) KMS, LMS, and KWS

Question 16

About ________ percent of the United States GDP is produced by the knowledge and information sectors.

A) 15
B) 25
C) 45
D) 65
E) 85

Question 17

Expertise is thought to be the collective and individual experience of applying knowledge to the solution of problems.

Question 18

The last step in the knowledge management value chain is

A) feedback.
B) acquire.
C) disseminate.
D) store.
E) apply.

Question 19

While systems such as KWS can manage semistructured and unstructured information, enterprise-wide content management systems are designed to manage a firm's structured information.

Question 20

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between collaboration and knowledge management?

A) Without knowledge, collaboration is difficult.
B) Knowledge doesn't exist without collaboration.
C) Knowledge is useful only when shared with others.
D) As knowledge increases, so does collaboration.
E) Knowledge is the end product of collaboration.

Question 21

You are advising a multimedia company on the best type of knowledge management system to help them archive digital video and sound clips. Which of the following will suit their needs?

A) enterprise content management system
B) digital asset management system
C) CAD system
D) VRML system
E) LMS

Question 22

Informal social networks of professionals and employees within and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests are called communities of

A) practice.
B) professionals.
C) interest.
D) knowledge.
E) expertise.

Question 23

What is knowledge management?
What types of knowledge might a company such as a taxi service have, and could a taxi service benefit from knowledge management?

Question 24

Structured knowledge is explicit knowledge that exists in informal documents.

Question 25

In content management, once a taxonomy is developed, documents must then be ________ with the proper classification.

A) tagged
B) linked
C) tupled
D) referenced
E) documented

Question 26

Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge?

A) request for proposals
B) voice-mail
C) videos
D) e-mail
E) memos

Question 27

A MOOC is

A) a type of online course.
B) an intelligent technique.
C) a virtual reality system.
D) a collaboration tool.
E) a type of knowledge work system.

Question 28

What do you see as the challenges in setting up a knowledge management system?

Question 29

Which of the following statements about 3D printing is not true?

A) It creates solid objects.
B) It is also called additive manufacturing.
C) It is only usable to make prototypes.
D) It creates objects layer by layer.
E) It uses specifications in a digital file.

Question 30

________ often are designed and optimized for the specific tasks to be performed.

A) Graphics programs
B) Knowledge workstations
C) Virtual simulators
D) CAD stations
E) LMS

Question 31

Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.

Question 32

A(n) ________ is a scheme for classifying information and knowledge in such a way that it can be easily accessed.

A) KWS
B) KMS
C) taxonomy
D) intelligent technique
E) COP

Question 33

Briefly outline the knowledge management value chain as it might apply to the online catalog system of a public library.

Question 34

Most knowledge workers require specialized knowledge work systems, but they also rely on

A) office systems.
B) schools and universities.
C) imaging systems.
D) data transferring systems.
E) external feeds.

Question 35

Which of the following systems digitizes, indexes, and tags documents according to a coherent framework?

A) wikis
B) CAD
C) document management
D) LMS
E) KMS

Question 36

Identify the three major types of knowledge management systems. Provide two examples of each.

Question 37

Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning best describes a(n)

A) investment workstation.
B) organizational learning system.
C) employee enrichment system.
D) learning management system.
E) employee management system.

Question 38

You have been hired by a small architectural firm interested in implementing a knowledge management system. What features do you think would be of most benefit to them?

Question 39

How can knowledge be gathered from the personal and undocumented expertise of professionals within a firm?
List at least four ways to gather and disseminate such knowledge.

Question 40

Which of the following is not a typical component or capability of an enterprise content management system?

A) LMS
B) social networking tools
C) tagging tools
D) digital asset management
E) KWS

Question 41

Intelligent techniques include CAD and VRML.

Question 42

Discuss the concept of virtual reality, especially with regard to VRML and its applications in the business arena.

Question 43

Apple's Siri application is an example of

A) neural networks.
B) CBR.
C) artificial intelligence.
D) intelligent agents.
E) machine learning.

Question 44

Which of the following techniques is used for knowledge discovery?

A) expert system
B) transaction processing systems
C) case-based reasoning
D) data mining
E) fuzzy logic

Question 45

CAD workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are high-end PCs used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.
E) facilitate employee learning.

Question 46

Knowledge workers include all of a company's workers who are tasked with managing or creating knowledge, from top-level scientists to clerical and data workers.

Question 47

________ seeks to enhance human perception by combining a live direct view of the physical world with computer-generated images.

A) AR
B) VRML
C) CAD
D) KWS
E) LMS

Question 48

Forward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.
E) a programming algorithm used to create a virtual world using VRML.

Question 49

3-D printers can produce fully functioning components, such as working batteries and LEDs.

Question 50

Backward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.
E) a programming algorithm used to create a virtual world using VRML.

Question 51

Why are knowledge workers so important to the digital firm?
What are their functions and which of these do you feel is most critical to the success of the firm?
Why?

Question 52

Identify three important qualities or capabilities of knowledge work systems.

Question 53

An inference engine is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in case-based reasoning.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system by forward chaining or backward chaining.
E) a programming algorithm used to create a virtual world using VRML.

Question 54

Which of the following is a type of intelligent technique?

A) digital asset management
B) case-based reasoning
C) computer-aided design
D) VRML
E) LMS

Question 55

VRML requires the use of a powerful server as well as large amounts of bandwidth.

Question 56

Investment workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are used by senior executives to plan the financial future of firms.
E) are used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations and manage the investment process.

Question 57

Which of the following would not be classified as a knowledge work system?

A) computer-aided design system
B) 3D visualization system
C) investment workstations
D) expert system
E) virtual reality system

Question 58

Which of the following is not used to capture tacit knowledge?

A) expert system
B) case-based reasoning
C) fuzzy logic
D) neural network
E) knowledge base

Question 59

Virtual reality systems

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) provide architects, engineers, and medical workers with precise, photorealistic simulations of objects.
E) enable acquiring, storing, and disseminating knowledge documents in a virtual world.

Question 60

Technology that consists of computer-based systems that attempt to emulate human behavior is called

A) fuzzy logic.
B) neural networks.
C) AI technology.
D) genetic algorithms.
E) learning management systems.

Question 61

Expert systems are expensive and time consuming to maintain because

A) their rule base is so complex.
B) they rely on equipment that becomes outdated.
C) their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules.
D) only the person who created the system knows exactly how it works, and may not be available when changes are needed.
E) it is difficult to program at this level of complexity without introducing software bugs.

Question 62

In this technique, descriptions of past experiences of human specialists are stored in a database for later retrieval when the user encounters a situation with similar characteristics.

A) CBR
B) fuzzy logic
C) data mining
D) LMS
E) expert systems

Question 63

Hardware and software that attempt to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain best describe

A) a neural network.
B) an expert system.
C) case-based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.
E) artificial intelligence.

Question 64

To automate routine tasks to help firms search for and filter information for use in electronic commerce and supply chain management a firm would most likely use

A) CAD systems.
B) virtual reality systems.
C) fuzzy logic systems.
D) intelligent agents.
E) genetic algorithms.

Question 65

The model of human knowledge used by expert systems is referred to as

A) the knowledge base.
B) CBR.
C) a neural network.
D) AI.
E) an inference engine.

Question 66

________ is the study of how computer programs can improve their performance without explicit programming.

A) Neural networks
B) COP
C) Genetic algorithms
D) Machine learning
E) Intelligent techniques

Question 67

What type of intelligent technique helped Procter & Gamble determine the most efficient methods for their trucks to deliver goods?

A) fuzzy logic
B) intelligent agents
C) genetic algorithms
D) neural networks
E) CBR

Question 68

The terms used in a fuzzy logic system to describe imprecise states or conditions are referred to as

A) neural networks.
B) membership functions.
C) inference engines.
D) taxonomies.
E) tags.

Question 69

A(n) ________ is a type of intelligent technique that finds patterns and relationships in massive data sets too large for a human to analyze.

A) inference engine
B) CAD
C) expert system
D) genetic algorithm
E) neural network

Question 70

Virtually all expert systems deal with problems of

A) policy development.
B) classification.
C) logic and control.
D) high complexity.
E) imprecise rules.

Question 71

Software programs that work without direct human intervention to carry out specific tasks for individual users, business processes, or software applications, are called

A) intelligent agents.
B) intelligent techniques.
C) business intelligence.
D) AI hybrid systems.
E) genetic algorithms.

Question 72

Expert systems are the primary tools used for knowledge discovery.

Question 73

You are an automotive engineer working on an application that will automatically parallel park a car. The intelligent technique you may find most useful is

A) case-based reasoning.
B) artificial intelligence.
C) fuzzy logic.
D) expert system.
E) a neural network.

Question 74

Which of the following describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms?

A) Genetic algorithms are designed to process large amounts of information.
B) Genetic algorithms are a type of knowledge discovery, while neural networks are an intelligent technique.
C) Neural networks are programmed to "learn."
D) Genetic algorithms are designed to work with small amounts of data, while neural networks can handle large quantities of data.
E) Neural networks are a type of machine learning, whereas genetic algorithms are static programs.

Question 75

Expert systems

A) solve problems too difficult for human experts.
B) are based on DO WHILE rules.
C) work in very limited domains.
D) share characteristics with mainframe computing.
E) are used for knowledge discovery.

Question 76

Fuzzy logic is a type of

A) data mining.
B) neural network.
C) intelligent technique.
D) business intelligence.
E) case-based reasoning.

Question 77

Systems that integrate different types of techniques, such as genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic, neural networks, and expert systems, into a single application are called ________ systems.

A) differential intelligence
B) hybrid AI
C) machine learning
D) enterprise learning
E) CAD

Question 78

Your company wants to develop intelligent techniques to create a "smart" oven that can perfectly cook basic foodstuffs, such as roasts and bread, using sensors and minimal input from the user. The system would know the difference between rare, medium rare, medium, and well done roasts. The category of intelligent technique that would describe this system is

A) expert system.
B) neural network.
C) case-based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.
E) genetic algorithm.

Question 79

Which type of intelligent agent models the behavior of consumers, stock markets, and more, by seeing them as autonomous agents that follow relatively simple rules for interaction?

A) agent-based modeling
B) MOOC
C) augmented reality
D) VRML
E) genetic algorithm

Question 80

Genetic algorithms

A) develop solutions to particular problems using fitness, crossover, and mutation.
B) represent knowledge as groups of characteristics.
C) do not work for most problems.
D) are based on logic.
E) seek to emulate a human expert's way of solving problems.