Deck 11: Managing Knowledge

Question 1

Fuzzy logic can describe a particular phenomenon or process linguistically and then represent that description in a small number of flexible rules.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Expert systems are typically used in business in discrete,highly structured decision-making situations.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Expert systems capture the knowledge of skilled employees in the form of a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Because neural network applications cannot always explain why they arrive at a particular solution,they are not well suited for use in the medical profession.

Question 5

Knowledge is universally applicable and easily moved.

Question 6

Intelligent agents can discover underlying patterns,categories,and behaviors in large data sets.

Question 7

Case-based reasoning is not well-suited for diagnostic systems in medicine.

Question 8

VRML requires the use of a powerful server as well as large amounts of bandwidth.

Question 9

Knowledge residing in the minds of employees that has not been documented is called explicit knowledge.

Question 10

CAD is a type of intelligent technique.

Question 11

Knowledge workers include all of a company's workers who are tasked with managing or creating knowledge,from top-level scientists to clerical and data workers.

Question 12

Expert systems are the primary tools used for knowledge discovery.

Question 13

Semistructured information is all the knowledge in a firm that resides in the heads of experienced employees.

Question 14

Structured knowledge is explicit knowledge that exists in informal documents.

Question 15

Expert systems work by applying a set of AND/OR rules against a knowledge base,both of which are extracted from human experts.

Question 16

Fuzzy logic systems "learn" patterns from large quantities of data by sifting through data,searching for relationships,building models,and correcting over and over again the model's own mistakes.

Question 17

Knowledge can reside in e-mail,voice mail,graphics,and unstructured documents as well as structured documents.

Question 18

Enterprise content management systems are designed to manage structured information,while other systems,such as KWS,are designed to manage semi-structured and unstructured information.

Question 19

3D printing today is used to create small objects such as hip replacements.

Question 20

For a firm,organizational resources are needed to transform data into knowledge.

Question 21

For knowledge resources outside the firm,social bookmarking makes it easier to search for and share information by allowing users to save their bookmarks to Web pages on a public Web site and tag these bookmarks with keywords.

Question 22

Expertise and experience of organizational members that has not been formally documented best describes

A) wisdom.
B) information.
C) data.
D) tacit knowledge.

Question 23

Knowledge workers usually have high levels of education and memberships in professional organizations and are often asked to exercise independent judgment as a routine aspect of their work.

Question 24

Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems are general-purpose firm-wide efforts to collect,store,distribute,and apply digital content and knowledge.

Question 25

Knowledge is a tangible asset.

Question 26

Knowledge network systems address the problem that arises when the appropriate knowledge is not in the form of a digital document but instead resides in the memory of individual experts in the firm.

Question 27

Which of the following is not one of the main four dimensions of knowledge described in the chapter?

A) Knowledge is a firm asset.
B) Knowledge has different forms.
C) Knowledge has no locations.
D) Knowledge is situational.

Question 28

The flow of events or transactions captured by an organization's system describes

A) information.
B) data.
C) wisdom.
D) knowledge.

Question 29

Knowing how to do things effectively and efficiently in ways that other organizations can duplicate is a primary source of profit and competitive advantage that cannot be purchased easily by competitors in the marketplace.

Question 30

Which of the following statements is not an accurate description of the importance of knowledge to a firm?

A) Knowledge experiences network effects as more people share it.
B) Knowledge should be seen as an intangible key asset.
C) Knowledge enables firms to become more efficient in their use of scarce resources.
D) Knowledge is unconditional.

Question 31

___________________________________ is a set of specifications for interactive,3-D modelling on the World Wide Web that can organize multiple media types,including animation,images,and audio to put users in a simulated real-world environment.

A) Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML
B) Augmented reality (AR)
C) Virtual Reality
D) 3-D Reality

Question 32

Changing organizational behavior by sensing and responding to new experience and knowledge is called

A) change management.
B) knowledge networking.
C) the knowledge value chain.
D) organizational learning.

Question 33

A learning management system (LMS)provides tools for the management,delivery,tracking,and assessment of various types of employee learning and training.

Question 34

Knowledge does not involve knowing how to follow procedures.

Question 35

What is meant by the statement "knowledge is sticky"?

A) Knowledge is hard to move.
B) Knowledge is universally applicable.
C) Knowledge works only in certain situations.
D) Knowledge is intangible.

Question 36

A related technology for enhancing visualization,_________________ provides a live direct or indirect view of a physical real-world environment whose elements are augmented by virtual computer-generated imagery.

A) Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML
B) Augmented reality (AR)
C) Virtual Reality
D) 3-D Reality

Question 37

Knowledge work systems require strong links to external knowledge bases in addition to specialized hardware and software.

Question 38

Process management refers to the set of business processes developed in an organization to create,store,transfer,and apply knowledge.

Question 39

Knowledge can only be explicit (codified).

Question 40

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between collaboration and knowledge management?

A) Without knowledge, collaboration is difficult.
B) Knowledge doesn't exist without collaboration.
C) Knowledge is useful only when shared with others.
D) As knowledge increases, so does collaboration.

Question 41

Which of the following systems digitizes,indexes,and tags documents according to a coherent framework?

A) wikis
B) CAD
C) document management
D) LMS

Question 42

Which of the following would not be classified as a knowledge work system?

A) computer-aided design system
B) 3D visualization system
C) investment workstations
D) expert system

Question 43

Which of the following is not a Web 2.0 tool firms are using to foster collaboration?

A) blogs
B) intranets
C) wikis
D) social bookmarking

Question 44

CAD workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are high-end PCs used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.

Question 45

Investment workstations

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) are used in the financial sector to analyze trading situations instantaneously and facilitate portfolio management.

Question 46

In order,which are the value-adding steps in the knowledge business value chain?

A) acquire, store, disseminate, apply, feedback
B) data and information acquisition, acquire, store, disseminate, apply
C) acquire, disseminate, apply, feedback, management and organizational activities
D) data and information acquisition, store, disseminate, feedback, apply

Question 47

Virtual reality systems

A) provide engineers, designers, and factory managers with precise control over industrial design and manufacturing.
B) provide an important source of expertise for organizations.
C) allow groups to work together on documents.
D) provide architects, engineers, and medical workers with precise, photorealistic simulations of objects.

Question 48

In content management,once a taxonomy is developed,documents must then be ________ with the proper classification.

A) tagged
B) linked
C) tupled
D) referenced

Question 49

Specialized systems built for engineers,scientists,and other knowledge workers charged with discovering and creating new knowledge for a company are called

A) KWS.
B) LMS.
C) wikis.
D) CAD systems.

Question 50

Which of the following are the three major types of knowledge management systems?

A) management information systems, decision support systems, and transaction processing systems
B) enterprise systems, customer support systems, and supply chain management systems
C) database management systems, expert systems, and knowledge work systems
D) enterprise-wide knowledge management systems, knowledge work systems, and intelligent techniques

Question 51

Tools for the management,delivery,tracking,and assessment of various types of employee learning best describes a(n)

A) investment workstation.
B) organizational learning system.
C) employee enrichment system.
D) learning management system.

Question 52

Which of the following statements about 3D printing is not true?

A) It creates solid objects.
B) It is also called additive manufacturing.
C) It is only usable to make prototypes.
D) It creates objects layer by layer.

Question 53

Informal social networks of professionals and employees within and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests are called communities of

A) practice.
B) professionals.
C) interest.
D) knowledge.

Question 54

________ often are designed and optimized for the specific tasks to be performed.

A) Graphics programs
B) Knowledge workstations
C) Virtual simulators
D) CAD stations

Question 55

Apple's Siri application is an example of

A) neural networks.
B) CBR.
C) artificial intelligence.
D) intelligent agents.

Question 56

The set of business processes,culture,and behavior required to obtain value from investments in information systems is one type of

A) knowledge culture.
B) knowledge discovery.
C) organizational and management capital.
D) organizational routine.

Question 57

Which of the following is not a typical component or capability of an enterprise-wide knowledge management system?

A) collaboration tools
B) KWS
C) document management
D) LMS

Question 58

Most knowledge workers require specialized knowledge work systems,but they also rely on

A) office systems.
B) schools and universities.
C) imaging systems.
D) data transferring systems.

Question 59

You are advising a multimedia company on the best type of knowledge management system to help them archive digital video and sound clips.Which of the following will suit their needs?

A) enterprise content management system
B) digital asset management system
C) knowledge network system
D) VRML system

Question 60

Which of the following would not be considered semistructured knowledge?

A) request for proposals
B) voice-mail
C) videos
D) e-mail

Question 61

Expert systems

A) solve problems too difficult for human experts.
B) are based on DO WHILE rules.
C) work in very limited domains.
D) share characteristics with mainframe computing.

Question 62

Virtually all expert systems deal with problems of

A) policy development.
B) classification.
C) logic and control.
D) high complexity.

Question 63

Technology that consists of computer-based systems that attempt to emulate human behavior is called

A) fuzzy logic.
B) neural networks.
C) AI technology.
D) genetic algorithms.

Question 64

Genetic algorithms

A) develop solutions to particular problems using fitness, crossover, and mutation.
B) represent knowledge as groups of characteristics.
C) do not work for most problems.
D) are based on logic.

Question 65

Software programs that work without direct human intervention to carry out specific tasks for individual users,business processes,or software applications,are called

A) intelligent agents.
B) intelligent techniques.
C) business intelligence.
D) AI hybrid systems.

Question 66

Which of the following does not describe the dimensions of knowledge in a firm?

A) It is contextual and applicable only in relevant situations.
B) It is intangible.
C) It is subject to the laws of diminishing returns.
D) It is a cognitive event involving mental models.

Question 67

Your company wants to develop intelligent techniques to create a "smart" oven that can perfectly cook basic foodstuffs,such as roasts and bread,using sensors and minimal input from the user.The system would know the difference between rare,medium rare,medium,and well done roasts.The category of intelligent technique that would describe this system is

A) expert system.
B) neural network.
C) case-based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.

Question 68

Backward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

Question 69

You are an automotive engineer working on an application that will automatically parallel park a car.The intelligent technique you may find most useful is

A) case-based reasoning.
B) artificial intelligence.
C) fuzzy logic.
D) expert system.

Question 70

Which of the following describes a difference between neural networks and genetic algorithms?

A) Genetic algorithms are designed to process large amounts of information.
B) Genetic algorithms are a type of knowledge discovery, while neural networks are an intelligent technique.
C) Neural networks are programmed to "learn."
D) all of the above

Question 71

Which of the following techniques is used for knowledge discovery?

A) expert system
B) transaction processing systems
C) case-based reasoning
D) data mining

Question 72

In this technique,descriptions of past experiences of human specialists are stored in a database for later retrieval when the user encounters a situation with similar characteristics.

A) CBR
B) fuzzy logic
C) data mining
D) LMS

Question 73

What type of intelligent technique helped Procter & Gamble determine the most efficient methods for their trucks to deliver goods?

A) fuzzy logic
B) intelligent agents
C) genetic algorithms
D) none of the above

Question 74

Forward chaining is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with information entered by the user.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with a hypothesis.

Question 75

Which of the following is a type of intelligent technique?

A) knowledge networks
B) case-based reasoning
C) computer-aided design
D) VRML

Question 76

Hardware and software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain best describes

A) a neural network.
B) an expert system.
C) case-based reasoning.
D) fuzzy logic.

Question 77

Expert systems are expensive and time consuming to maintain because

A) their rule base is so complex.
B) they rely on equipment that becomes outdated.
C) their rules must be reprogrammed every time there is a change in the environment, which in turn may change the applicable rules.
D) only the person who created the system knows exactly how it works, and may not be available when changes are needed.

Question 78

An inference engine is

A) a strategy for searching the rule base in case-based reasoning.
B) the programming environment of an expert system.
C) a method of organizing expert system knowledge into chunks.
D) a strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system by forward chaining or backward chaining.

Question 79

Which of the following systems is not used to capture tacit knowledge?

A) expert system
B) case-based reasoning
C) fuzzy logic
D) neural network

Question 80

Fuzzy logic is a type of

A) data mining.
B) neural network.
C) intelligent technique.
D) business intelligence.