Deck 5: It Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies

Question 1

The collection of Web services that are used to build a firm's software systems constitutes what is known as a service-oriented architecture.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

SANs create large central pools of storage that can be rapidly accessed and shared by multiple servers.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Hypertext markup language specifies how text,graphics,video,and sound are placed on a Web page document.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Some companies still run traditional mainframe systems or use mainframe computers as massive servers supporting large Web sites and corporate enterprise applications.

Question 5

Web services can exchange information between two different systems regardless of the operating system or programming languages on which the systems are based.

Question 6

In N-tier computing,significant parts of Web site content,logic,and processing are performed by different servers.

Question 7

Enterprise integration requires software that can link disparate applications and enable data to flow freely among different parts of the business.

Question 8

An application server may reside on the same computer as a Web server or on its own dedicated computer.

Question 9

Autonomic computing is implemented primarily with enterprise or ISP servers.

Question 10

In green computing,reducing computer power consumption is a top priority.

Question 11

Scalability refers to the ability of a computer,product,or system to expand to serve a large number of users without breaking down.

Question 12

Application server software is responsible for locating and managing stored Web pages.

Question 13

A primary example of centralized processing is client/server computing.

Question 14

Java software is designed to run on any computing device,regardless of the specific microprocessor or operating system it uses.

Question 15

Today most business firms have discontinued operating their legacy systems,replacing these with inexpensive Web services and hosted software.

Question 16

IT infrastructure consists of just those physical computing devices required to operate the enterprise.

Question 17

TCO refers to the original cost of purchased technology: both hardware and software.

Question 18

Whereas XML is limited to describing how data should be presented in the form of Web pages,HTML can perform presentation,communication,and data storage tasks.

Question 19

The operating system is used to manage the computer's activities.

Question 20

The decision to outsource software development is also referred to as the rent-versus-buy decision.

Question 21

Which of the following factors provides an understanding of why computing resources today are ever more available than in previous decades?

A) network economics
B) law of mass digital storage and Moore's law
C) declining communications costs, universal standards, and the Internet
D) all of the above

Question 22

Law of Mass Digital Storage states that the amount of digital information is roughly doubling every year

Question 23

Unix is a network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers.

Question 24

Place the following eras of IT infrastructure evolution in order,from earliest to most recent: 1.Cloud Computing Era; 2.Client/Server; 3.Enterprise Era; 4.Personal Computer; and 5.Mainframe and Minicomputer.

A) 4, 5, 3, 2, 1
B) 5, 4, 2, 3, 1
C) 4, 5, 2, 3, 1
D) 5, 4, 2, 1, 3

Question 25

A client computer networked to a server computer,with processing split between the two types of machines,is called a(n)

A) service-oriented architecture.
B) on-demand architecture.
C) multi-tiered client/server architecture.
D) two-tiered client/server architecture.

Question 26

In a multi-tiered network

A) the work of the entire network is centralized.
B) the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.
C) processing is split between clients and servers.
D) processing is handled by multiple, geographically-remote clients.

Question 27

Software that manages the resources of the computer is called

A) operating system software.
B) application software.
C) data management software.
D) network software.

Question 28

Which type of infrastructure services provides voice and video connectivity to employees,customers,and suppliers?

A) networking
B) telephone
C) VOIP
D) telecommunications

Question 29

________ unleash powerful economies of scale and result in declines in manufactured computer products.

A) Internet and Web technologies
B) Technology standards
C) Linux and open-source software
D) Client/server technologies

Question 30

Which of the following is not an IT infrastructure service component?

A) operating system software
B) computing platforms to provide a coherent digital environment
C) physical facility management to manage the facilities housing physical components
D) IT management services to plan and develop the infrastructure and provide project management

Question 31

Interpretations of Moore's law assert that

A) computing power doubles every 18 months.
B) transistors decrease in size 50% every two years.
C) data storage costs decrease by 50% every 18 months.
D) none of the above.

Question 32

The multitasking,multi-user,operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that operates on a wide variety of computing platforms is

A) Unix.
B) Linux.
C) OS X.
D) COBOL.

Question 33

The introduction of the minicomputer

A) allowed computers to be customized to the specific needs of departments or business units.
B) enabled decentralized computing.
C) offered new, powerful machines at lower prices than mainframes.
D) all of the above.

Question 34

Storage area networks (SANs)are computers consisting of only a circuit board with processors,memory,and network connections that are stored in racks.

Question 35

Which of the following is a leading networking hardware provider?

A) Dell
B) Cisco
C) Seagate
D) IBM

Question 36

Specifications that establish the compatibility of products and the ability to communicate in a network are called

A) network standards.
B) telecommunications standards.
C) technology standards.
D) Internet standards.

Question 37

The network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers is

A) TCP/IP.
B) COBOL.
C) Ethernet.
D) ASCII.

Question 38

Mainframe computing refers to a model of computing that provides access to a shared pool of computing resources (computers,storage,applications,and services)over a network,often the Internet.

Question 39

Today's nanotechnology-produced computer transistors are roughly equivalent in size to

A) the width of a fingernail.
B) a human hair.
C) a virus.
D) an atom.

Question 40

Nanotechnology uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices that are thousands of times smaller than current technologies permit.

Question 41

An example of autonomic computing is

A) spyware protection software that runs and updates itself automatically.
B) software programmed to run on any hardware platform.
C) cell phones taking on the functions of handheld computers.
D) programming languages that allow non-programmers to create custom applications.

Question 42

Legacy systems are still used because they

A) can only be run on the older mainframe computers.
B) are too expensive to redesign.
C) integrate well using new Web services technologies.
D) contain valuable data that would be lost during redesign.

Question 43

Which type of computing refers to firms purchasing computing power from remote providers and paying only for the computing power they use?

A) on-demand
B) grid
C) edge
D) autonomic

Question 44

All of the following are current hardware platform trends except

A) green computing.
B) virtualization.
C) cloud computing.
D) Unix.

Question 45

A SAN is a ________ network.

A) server area
B) storage area
C) scalable architecture
D) service-oriented architecture

Question 46

Sets of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using standard Web communication standards and languages are referred to as

A) Web services.
B) EAI software.
C) SOA.
D) SOAP.

Question 47

Which of the following is not one of the current software platform trends?

A) grid computing
B) open-source software
C) HTML5
D) software outsourcing

Question 48

As referred to in the text,legacy systems are

A) traditional mainframe-based business information systems.
B) electronic spreadsheets used on a PC.
C) any pre-1990 Wintel systems.
D) systems found on older ASPs.

Question 49

Linux is

A) primarily concerned with the tasks of end users.
B) designed for specific machines and specific microprocessors.
C) an example of open-source software.
D) especially useful for processing numeric data.

Question 50

Which of the following is not an example of the emerging mobile computing platforms?

A) tablets
B) the Kindle
C) cell phones
D) CRM

Question 51

The business case for using grid computing involves all of the following except

A) cost savings.
B) increased accuracy.
C) speed of computation.
D) agility.

Question 52

Which type of software is created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers and available for free?

A) software packages
B) mashups
C) outsourced
D) open source

Question 53

An industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure,optimize,tune,and heal themselves when broken,and protect themselves from outside intruders and self-destruction is called

A) grid computing.
B) utility computing.
C) virtualization.
D) autonomic computing.

Question 54

Which of the following does grid computing utilize to create enormous supercomputing power?

A) massive unused data centers
B) underutilized mainframe computers
C) networked computers with idle resources
D) networks with low usage

Question 55

The development of TCP/IP occurred during the ________ era.

A) cloud and mobile computing
B) general-purpose mainframe and minicomputer
C) enterprise computing
D) personal computer

Question 56

The process of presenting a set of computing resources (such as computing power or data storage)so that they can all be accessed in ways that are not restricted by physical configuration or geographic location is called

A) cloud computing.
B) autonomic computing.
C) virtualization.
D) multicore processing.

Question 57

A software tool with a graphical user interface for displaying Web pages and for accessing the Web and other Internet resources is called a Web

A) service.
B) client.
C) browser.
D) app.

Question 58

Which of the following statements about Linux is not true?

A) It plays a major role in the back office running local area networks.
B) It is available in free versions downloadable from the Internet.
C) It has garnered 80 percent of the server operating system market.
D) Linux applications are embedded in cell phones, smartphones, netbooks, and other handheld devices.

Question 59

Connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a "virtual supercomputer" is called

A) co-location.
B) edge computing.
C) grid computing.
D) utility computing.

Question 60

Running a Java program on a computer requires

A) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the computer.
B) a Java Virtual Machine to be installed on the server hosting the Java applet.
C) a miniature program to be downloaded to the user's computer.
D) no specialized software, as Java is platform-independent.

Question 61

How would you determine the market demand for your firm's IT services?

A) Perform a TCO analysis.
B) Benchmark your services.
C) Hold focus groups to assess your services.
D) Analyze sales returns on key investments.

Question 62

Which of the following is not one of three variations of Moore's Law,none of which Moore ever stated?

A) the power of microprocessors doubles every 18 months
B) computing power doubles every 18 months
C) computer size decreases every 18 months
D) the price of computing falls by half every 18 months

Question 63

Hardware and software acquisition costs account for about ________ percent of TCO.

A) 20
B) 40
C) 60
D) 80

Question 64

The practice of contracting custom software development to an outside firm is commonly referred to as

A) outsourcing.
B) scaling.
C) service-oriented architecture.
D) application integration.

Question 65

A set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application is called

A) Web services.
B) EAI software.
C) SOA.
D) SOAP.

Question 66

________ are created by combining and customizing components from different online software applications.

A) Apps
B) Mashups
C) SaaS
D) Web services

Question 67

Which of the following is the most popular mobile operating system?

A) Linux
B) Android
C) Chrome OS
D) iOS

Question 68

Which model can be used to analyze the direct and indirect costs to help firms determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations?

A) total cost of ownership
B) return on investment
C) breakeven point
D) cost-benefit analysis

Question 69

Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer,product,or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down?

A) modality
B) scalability
C) expandability
D) disintermediation

Question 70

What is the foundation technology for Web services?

A) XML
B) HTML
C) SOAP
D) UDDI

Question 71

Which of the following is not one of the NIST defined characteristics of cloud computing?

A) ubiquitous network access
B) location-independent resource pooling
C) rapid elasticity
D) non-measured service

Question 72

Which computing standard is significant because it made a network standard for connecting desktop computers into local area networks that enabled the widespread adoption of client/server computing and local area networks and further stimulated the adoption of personal computers.

A) American Standard Code for Information Interchange
B) Common Business Oriented Language
C) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
D) Ethernet

Question 73

Which computing standard is significant because it made; an easy-to-use software language that greatly expanded the ability of programmers to write business-related programs and reduced the cost of software.

A) American Standard Code for Information Interchange
B) Common Business Oriented Language
C) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
D) Ethernet

Question 74

Which computing standard is significant because it made a suite of communications protocols and a common addressing scheme that enables millions of computers to connect together in one giant global network (the Internet).

A) American Standard Code for Information Interchange
B) Common Business Oriented Language
C) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
D) Ethernet

Question 75

Prewritten,commercially available sets of software programs that eliminate the need for a firm to write its own software programs for certain functions,are referred to as

A) software packages.
B) mashups.
C) outsourced software.
D) open-source software.

Question 76

Which computing standard is significant because it made it possible for computer machines from different manufacturers to exchange data; later used as the universal language linking input and output devices such as keyboards and mice to computers.

A) American Standard Code for Information Interchange
B) Common Business Oriented Language
C) Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
D) Ethernet

Question 77

Which of the following is not one of the main six factors to consider when evaluating how much your firm should spend on IT infrastructure?

A) your firm's business strategy
B) the IT investments made by competitor firms
C) market demand for your firm's services
D) your firm's organizational culture

Question 78

A formal contract between customers and their service providers that outlines the specific responsibilities of the service provider and to the customer is called a(n)

A) SOA.
B) SLA.
C) TCO.
D) RFQ.

Question 79

SaaS refers to

A) supplying online access over networks to storage devices and storage area network technology.
B) managing combinations of applications, networks, systems, storage, and security as well as providing Web site and systems performance monitoring to subscribers over the Internet.
C) hosting and managing access to software applications delivered over the Internet to clients on a subscription basis.
D) none of the above.

Question 80

The marketplace for computer hardware

A) has become increasingly concentrated in top firms.
B) has expanded to include a wide variety of start-up and mobile-computing firms.
C) has moved significantly to Asian firms.
D) has been decimated by mobile and cloud computing.