Deck 10: Urinary System

Question 1

Surgical incision of the kidney to remove a stone from the renal pelvis is:

A) lithotripsy
B) lithotrite
C) pyelolithotomy
D) ureterolithectomy

Answer 1

pyelolithotomy

Question 2

The term renal pertains to:

A) the bladder
B) the kidney
C) urine
D) urination

Answer 2

the kidney

Question 3

A major waste product found in the urine of a normal individual is:

A) blood
B) protein
C) sugar
D) urea

Answer 3

urea

Question 4

Cystoscopy is:

A) an instrument to view inside the bladder
B) cutting into a cyst
C) visual examination of the urinary bladder
D) excision of a cyst

Question 5

Enlargement of one or both kidneys is called:

A) diuresis
B) nephromegaly
C) nephropexy
D) nephroptosis

Question 6

Downward displacement of the kidney is:

A) nephrolith
B) nephropexy
C) nephroptosis
D) nephrostomy

Question 7

Excretion is the:

A) elimination of body wastes
B) same as dialysis
C) same as exhalation
D) same as urination

Question 8

A condition in which there are degenerative but not inflammatory changes in the kidneys is called:

A) catheterization
B) nephritis
C) nephrosis
D) percutaneous nephrostomy

Question 9

The term for painful, burning urination is:

A) diuresis
B) dysuria
C) nephrolithiasis
D) voiding

Question 10

The name of the functional unit of the kidney is:

A) glomerulus
B) nephron
C) tubule
D) ureter

Question 11

A procedure in which a fiberoptic instrument is used for direct visualization of the kidney is:

A) nephroscopy
B) nephrosonography
C) peritoneal dialysis
D) urography

Question 12

An agent that causes increased urination is a:

A) dialysis
B) diuresis
C) diuretic
D) glomerulus

Question 13

Blood in the urine is called:

A) albuminuria
B) hematuria
C) ketonuria
D) uremia

Question 14

A hereditary disorder characterized by hundreds of fluid-filled cysts throughout both kidneys is:

A) glomerulonephritis
B) nephrosis
C) polycystic kidney disease
D) polyuria

Question 15

A condition marked by the presence of kidney stones is:

A) nephritis
B) nephrolithiasis
C) nephromalacia
D) nephroptosis

Question 16

A surgical procedure that is used to correct nephroptosis is called:

A) nephrocentesis
B) nephropexy
C) nephrostomy
D) nephrotomy

Question 17

Enlargement of both kidneys is called:

A) bilateral nephromalacia
B) bilateral nephromegaly
C) unilateral nephromalacia
D) unilateral nephromegaly

Question 18

A term that means increasing urination is:

A) dialysis
B) diuretic
C) polycystic
D) urinalysis

Question 19

A toxic condition of the body that is associated with failure of the kidneys to function properly is:

A) hematuria
B) incontinence
C) pyuria
D) uremia

Question 20

Diffusing blood through a membrane to remove wastes and maintain the proper balance is called:

A) dieresis
B) hematuria
C) hemodialysis
D) uremia

Question 21

Cystitis is:

A) inflammation of the bladder
B) not a urinary tract infection
C) the most serious type of urinary tract infection
D) the same as a kidney infection

Question 22

A term that means destructive to kidney tissue is:

A) historrhexis
B) nephromalacia
C) nephrosclerotic
D) nephrotoxic

Question 23

Creation of a new opening into the renal pelvis, usually done to drain urine from the kidney, is called:

A) cystostomy
B) nephrostomy
C) pyeloplasty
D) pyelotomy

Question 24

Urinary retention is:

A) complete failure of the kidney
B) inability to empty the bladder
C) inability to hold urine in the bladder
D) partial functioning of the kidney

Question 25

Pus in the urine is called:

A) albuminuria
B) hematuria
C) pyuria
D) uremia

Question 26

An instrument that is used to crush bladder stones is a:

A) cystolithotripsy
B) lithotripe
C) lithotripsy
D) lithotrite

Question 27

Surgical crushing of a stone is called:

A) lithotripter
B) lithotomy
C) lithotripsy
D) nephrolithotomy

Question 28

Absence of urination or production of less than 100 mL of urine per day is:

A) anuria
B) hematuria
C) hypoxia
D) uremia

Question 29

A term for excessive secretion and discharge of urine is:

A) polyuria
B) pyuria
C) renal failure
D) urination

Question 30

Removal of tissue from the bladder by using a needle inserted through the skin overlying the bladder is called a:

A) cystourethrogram
B) cystorrhaphy
C) cystotomy
D) percutaneous bladder biopsy

Question 31

A substance in the blood that provides a rough estimate of kidney function is the:

A) blood sugar
B) blood urea nitrogen
C) red blood cells
D) white blood cells

Question 32

A record of the bladder and urethra obtained by filling the bladder with contrast material and taking radiographs while the patient is expelling urine is a:

A) cystic sonogram
B) cystic tomogram
C) percutaneous biopsy
D) voiding cystourethrogram

Question 33

Urinary incontinence is:

A) complete failure of the kidney to perform its function
B) the inability to empty the bladder
C) the inability to hold urine in the bladder
D) only partial functioning of the kidney

Question 34

An increased concentration of a particular type of protein in the urine is:

A) albuminuria
B) glycosuria
C) hematuria
D) pyuria

Question 35

A term that means pertaining to the urethra is:

A) ureteral
B) urethreal
C) urethral
D) urethrism

Question 36

The term for a tumor found on mucosal surfaces such as the inner lining of the bladder is:

A) albumin
B) calculus
C) glomerulus
D) polyp

Question 37

Sugar in the urine is termed:

A) glycosuria
B) hematuria
C) proteinuria
D) pyuria

Question 38

A general term for a test performed in the laboratory on urine is:

A) dialysis
B) diuresis
C) urinalysis
D) urology

Question 39

A diminished capacity to form and pass urine (less than 500 mL per day) is called:

A) anuria
B) dysuria
C) oliguria
D) polyuria

Question 40

Surgical repair of one of the tubes that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder is:

A) ureteropexy
B) urethropexy
C) ureteroplasty
D) urethroplasty

Question 41

A 63-year-old woman with bladder cancer has her bladder removed. What is the name of this surgical procedure?

A) cholecystectomy
B) cystectomy
C) nephrectomy
D) urethrectomy

Question 42

The instrument used in cystoscopy is a:

A) cystogram
B) cystograph
C) cystoscope
D) cystotome

Question 43

An x-ray series using contrast medium injected into a vein provides information about the structure and function of the kidney, ureters, and bladder. This test is referred to as:

A) intravenous urography
B) nephrotomography
C) retrograde urography
D) voiding cystourethrography

Question 44

Passage of a tubular, flexible instrument into a body channel or cavity for introduction or withdrawal of fluid is called:

A) catheterization
B) cystostomy
C) lithotripsy
D) tracheotomy

Question 45

Softening of the kidney is called:

A) nephromalacia
B) nephrosclerosis
C) nephrorrhexis
D) nephrosis

Question 46

A type of nephritis in which the glomeruli of the kidney are inflamed is called:

A) glomerulonephritis
B) nephrolithiasis
C) nephrosis
D) polycystic kidney disease

Question 47

The part of the nephron that filters the blood is the:

A) collecting duct
B) glomerulus
C) loop of Henle
D) tubule

Question 48

The presence of protein in the urine is termed:

A) proteinemia
B) proteinuria
C) urinalysis
D) urology

Question 49

An x-ray film of the kidneys and ureters produced after injection of radiopaque material into a vein is called an intravenous:

A) urogram
B) venogram
C) urethrogram
D) urethrograph

Question 50

A 24-year-old man has urinary stones in the renal pelvis. The term that refers to these stones is:

A) cholelithiasis
B) cystolithiasis
C) ureterolithiasis
D) urolithiasis

Question 51

A patient who is undergoing renal lithotripsy using shock waves may be undergoing which procedure?

A) extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)
B) glomerulonephral shock wave lithotripsy (GSWL)
C) nephral shock wave lithotripsy (NSWL)
D) transurethral shock wave lithotripsy (TSWL)

Question 52

The kidneys of a 62-year-old man no longer function properly. Which of the following terms is a special procedure whereby a solution is introduced into the abdominal cavity, and then removed, to help with the filtration process?

A) diuresis
B) hemodialysis
C) percutaneous nephrostomy
D) peritoneal dialysis

Question 53

A 32-year-old woman has kidney stones. Which is the proper term for a kidney stone?

A) cystolith
B) nephrolith
C) lithotripsy
D) lithtrite

Question 54

A 72-year-old man suffers urethral obstruction and requires surgical creation of a new opening into the bladder for drainage. What is the term for this surgical procedure?

A) cholecystostomy
B) cystostomy
C) nephrostomy
D) urethrostomy

Question 55

A nephrologist uses which instrument for surgical crushing of kidney stones?

A) hematuria
B) hemodialysis
C) lithotripsy
D) lithotrite

Question 56

Using ultrasound to study the kidney is called:

A) nephrosonography
B) nephrotomography
C) nephrotripsy
D) pyelography

Question 57

Incision of the kidney to remove a calculus is called a:

A) nephrectomy
B) nephrolithotomy
C) nephrotomy
D) nephrotripsy

Question 58

Red blood cell production is possible due to the release of which hormone by the kidney?

A) erythropoietin
B) proteinuria
C) pyuria
D) urea

Question 59

A physician is concerned with the functioning of a patient's kidneys. She orders a sectional radiographic examination of the kidneys using contrast dyes. An image that results is referred to as a:

A) cholecystogram
B) cystogram
C) nephrotomogram
D) renal arteriogram

Question 60

A bladder hernia that protrudes into the vagina is a:

A) bladder polyp
B) cystocele
C) pyelolith
D) vaginal fissure

Question 61

Which of the following involves radiologic examination of the renal pelvis and ureter after injection of a contrast medium into the renal pelvis and is an alternative to intravenous urography?

A) intravenous urography
B) retrograde urography
C) suprapubic radiography
D) transurethral radiography

Question 62

Inflammation of the renal pelvis is referred to as _____.

Question 63

A physician who specializes in the urinary tract is referred to as a(n):

A) cystologist
B) nephrologist
C) urethrologist
D) urologist

Question 64

The radiological examination that is used to assess the arterial blood supply to the kidneys is referred to as:

A) cystic arteriography
B) cystic urography
C) renal arteriography
D) renal urography

Question 65

Four methods are used for urinary diversion. Three are forms of catheterization: urethral, ureteral, and suprapubic catheterization. What is the fourth method of urinary diversion?

A) nephrectomy
B) percutaneous nephrostomy
C) percutaneous renal biopsy
D) transurethral resection

Question 66

_____ is defined as inflammation of the kidney.

Question 67

A fiberoptic instrument for viewing the kidney is called a(n) _____.

Question 68

Which system eliminates waste products that accumulate as a result of cellular metabolism?

A) cystic
B) diuretic
C) renal
D) urinary

Question 69

A surgical incision of the kidney is called:

A) cystotomy
B) nephrotomy
C) pyelotomy
D) renotomy

Question 70

Removal of impurities from the blood is referred to as:

A) diuresis
B) hemodialysis
C) peritoneal dialysis
D) renal insufficiency

Question 71

The formation of an opening into the kidney is referred to as a(n) _____ or a(n) _____.

Question 72

A 73-year-old man underwent which procedure to remove part of his prostate due to benign prostatic hyperplasia?

A) laparoscopic pyelectomy
B) percutaneous nephrectomy
C) retrograde resection
D) transurethral resection

Question 73

X-ray series following injection of a contrast medium into the renal arteries provide radiologists with valuable information about arterial blood supply to the kidneys. An image that results from this procedure is known as a:

A) cystogram
B) nephrotomogram
C) pyelogram
D) renal arteriogram

Question 74

Ketones in the urine is known as _____.

Question 75

The act of voiding is referred to as _____.

Question 76

Filtering blood to maintain proper balance is called _____ or _____.

Question 77

An instrument used in catheterization is called a(n) _____.

Question 78

A patient with a spinal cord injury had a(n) _____ catheter placed in the bladder through a small incision or puncture of the abdominal wall approximately 1 inch above the symphysis pubis.

A) Foley
B) suprapubic
C) ureteral
D) urethral

Question 79

_____ means pertaining to the bladder.

Question 80

The surgical fixation of the kidney is called _____.