Deck 3: Common Concerns

Question 1

During her annual gynecologic checkup, a 17-year-old woman states that recently she has been experiencing cramping and pain during her menstrual periods. The nurse would document this complaint as:

A) Amenorrhea.
B) Dysmenorrhea.
C) Dyspareunia.
D) Premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

Answer 1

Dysmenorrhea.

Question 2

One of the alterations in cyclic bleeding that occurs between periods is called:

A) Oligomenorrhea.
B) Menorrhagia.
C) Leiomyoma.
D) Metrorrhagia.

Answer 2

Metrorrhagia.

Question 3

On vaginal examination of a 30-year-old woman, the nurse documents the following findings: profuse, thin, grayish white vaginal discharge with a "fishy" odor; complaint of pruritus. On the basis of these findings, the nurse suspects that this woman has:

A) Bacterial vaginosis (BV).
B) Candidiasis.
C) Trichomoniasis.
D) Gonorrhea.

Answer 3

Bacterial vaginosis (BV).

Question 4

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that HPV be treated with patient-applied:

A) Miconazole ointment.
B) Topical Podofilox 0.5% solution or gel.
C) Penicillin given intramuscularly for two doses.
D) Metronidazole by mouth.

Question 5

With regard to endometriosis, nurses should be aware that:

A) It is characterized by the presence and growth of endometrial tissue inside the uterus.
B) It is found more often in African-American women than in Caucasian or Asian women.
C) It may worsen with repeated cycles or remain asymptomatic and disappear after menopause.
D) It is unlikely to affect sexual intercourse or fertility.

Question 6

The nurse who is teaching a group of women about breast cancer would tell the women that:

A) Risk factors identify more than 50% of women who will develop breast cancer.
B) Nearly 90% of lumps found by women are malignant.
C) One in ten women in the United States will develop breast cancer in her lifetime.
D) The exact cause of breast cancer is unknown.

Question 7

To detect the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), most laboratory tests focus on:

A) HIV virus.
B) HIV antibodies.
C) CD₄ counts.
D) CD₈ counts.

Question 8

With regard to dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), the nurse should be aware that:

A) It is most commonly caused by anovulation.
B) It most often occurs in middle age.
C) The diagnosis of DUB should be the first considered for abnormal menstrual bleeding.
D) The most effective medical treatment involves steroids.

Question 9

While interviewing a 31-year-old woman before her routine gynecologic examination, the nurse collects data about the woman's recent menstrual cycles. The nurse should collect additional information in regard to which statement?

A) The woman says her menstrual flow lasts 5 to 6 days.
B) She describes her flow as very heavy.
C) She reports that she has had a small amount of spotting midway between her periods for the past 2 months.
D) She says the length of her menstrual cycle varies from 26 to 29 days.

Question 10

A woman complains of severe abdominal and pelvic pain around the time of menstruation that has gotten worse over the last 5 years. She also complains of pain during intercourse and has tried unsuccessfully to get pregnant for the past 18 months. These symptoms are most likely related to:

A) Endometriosis.
B) PMS.
C) Primary dysmenorrhea.
D) Secondary dysmenorrhea.

Question 11

The two primary areas of risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are:

A) Sexual orientation and socioeconomic status.
B) Age and educational level.
C) Large number of sexual partners and race.
D) Risky sexual behaviors and inadequate preventive health behaviors.

Question 12

When a nurse is counseling a woman for primary dysmenorrhea, which nonpharmacologic intervention would most likely be recommended?

A) Increasing the intake of red meat and simple carbohydrates
B) Reducing the intake of diuretic foods such as peaches and asparagus
C) Temporarily substituting physical activity for a sedentary lifestyle
D) Using a heating pad on the abdomen to relieve cramping

Question 13

When evaluating a woman for sexually transmitted infections (STIs), the nurse should be aware that the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection is:

A) Gonorrhea.
B) Syphilis.
C) Chlamydia.
D) Candidiasis.

Question 14

Which viral sexually transmitted infection is characterized by a primary infection followed by recurrent episodes?

A) Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-2
B) Human papillomavirus (HPV)
C) Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
D) Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Question 15

The nurse should know that once human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enters the body, seroconversion to HIV positivity usually occurs within:

A) 6 to 10 days.
B) 2 to 4 weeks.
C) 6 to 12 weeks.
D) 6 months.

Question 16

A 36-year-old woman has been diagnosed as having uterine fibroids. When planning care for this patient, the nurse should know that:

A) Fibroids are malignant tumors of the uterus that require radiation or chemotherapy.
B) Fibroids will increase in size during the perimenopausal period.
C) Menorrhagia is a common finding.
D) The woman is unlikely to become pregnant as long as the fibroids are in her uterus.

Question 17

An essential component of counseling women regarding safe sex practices includes discussion regarding avoiding the exchange of body fluids. The physical barrier promoted for the prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is the condom. Nurses can help motivate patients to use condoms by initiating a discussion related to a number of aspects of condom use. The most important of these is:

A) Strategies to enhance condom use.
B) Choice of colors and special features.
C) Leaving the decision up to the male partner.
D) Places to safely carry condoms.

Question 18

A nurse practitioner performs a clinical breast examination on a woman diagnosed with fibroadenoma. The nurse knows that fibroadenoma is characterized by:

A) Inflammation of the milk ducts and glands behind the nipples.
B) Thick, sticky discharge from the nipple of the affected breast.
C) Lumpiness in both breasts that develops 1 week before menstruation.
D) A single lump in one breast that can be expected to shrink as the woman ages.

Question 19

When assessing the patient for amenorrhea, the nurse should be aware that this may be caused by all conditions except:

A) Anatomic abnormalities.
B) Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
C) Lack of exercise.
D) Hysterectomy.

Question 20

A woman has a thick, white, lumpy, cottage cheese-like discharge, with patches on her labia and in her vagina. She complains of intense pruritus. The nurse practitioner would order which preparation for treatment?

A) Fluconazole
B) Tetracycline
C) Clindamycin
D) Acyclovir

Question 21

There is little consensus on the management of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). However, nurses can advise women on several self-help modalities that often result in symptom improvement. The nurse knows that health teaching has been effective when the woman reports that she has adopted a number of lifestyle changes, including (choose all that apply):

A) Regular exercise.
B) Improved nutrition.
C) A daily glass of wine.
D) Smoking cessation.
E) Oil of evening primrose.

Question 22

Nafarelin (200 mcg bid per nasal spray) currently is used as a treatment for mild-to-severe endometriosis. The nurse should tell the woman taking this medication that the drug:

A) Stimulates the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), thereby stimulating ovarian activity.
B) Should be sprayed into one nostril every other day.
C) Should be injected into subcutaneous tissue BID.
D) Can cause her to experience some hot flashes and vaginal dryness.

Question 23

What important, immediate postoperative care practice should the nurse remember when caring for a woman who has had a mastectomy?

A) The blood pressure (BP) cuff should not be applied to the affected arm.
B) Venipuncture for blood work should be performed on the affected arm.
C) The affected arm should be used for intravenous (IV) therapy.
D) The affected arm should be held down close to the woman's side.

Question 24

A woman has a breast mass that is not well-delineated and is nonpalpable, immobile, and nontender. This is most likely:

A) Fibroadenoma.
B) Lipoma.
C) Intraductal papilloma.
D) Mammary duct ectasia.

Question 25

Any episode of vaginal bleeding that occurs at a time other than during menses is referred to as _______________.

Question 26

Management of primary dysmenorrhea often requires a multifaceted approach. The nurse who provides care for a patient with this condition should be aware that the optimal pharmacologic therapy for pain relief is:

A) Acetaminophen.
B) Oral contraceptives (OCPs).
C) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
D) Aspirin.

Question 27

The nurse providing education regarding breast care should explain to the woman that fibrocystic changes in breasts are:

A) A disease of the milk ducts and glands in the breasts.
B) A premalignant disorder characterized by lumps found in the breast tissue.
C) Lumpiness with pain and tenderness found in varying degrees in the breast tissue of healthy women during menstrual cycles.
D) Lumpiness accompanied by tenderness after menses.

Question 28

A 25-year-old single female comes to the gynecologist's office for a follow-up visit related to her abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) test. The test revealed that the woman has human papillomavirus (HPV). The woman asks, "What is that? Can you get rid of it?" Your best response is:

A) "It's just a little lump on your cervix. We can freeze it off."
B) "HPV stands for 'human papillomavirus.' It is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that may lead to cervical cancer."
C) "HPV is a type of early human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). You will die from this."
D) "You probably caught this from your current boyfriend. He should get tested for this."

Question 29

Which diagnostic test is used to confirm a suspected diagnosis of breast cancer?

A) Mammogram
B) Ultrasound
C) Fine-needle aspiration (FNA)
D) CA 15-3

Question 30

Which statement about the various forms of hepatitis is accurate?

A) A vaccine exists for hepatitis C but not for hepatitis B.
B) Hepatitis A is acquired by eating contaminated food or drinking polluted water.
C) Hepatitis B is less contagious than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
D) The incidence of hepatitis C is decreasing.