Deck 9: C: Intelligence

Question 1

Regarding the widespread reliance on standardized intelligence tests,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) In response to parental concerns regarding testing, court decisions have led some states to outlaw the use of intelligence tests in public schools.
B) Test scores may be fairer and more objective than the judgments made by admissions officers or employment interviewers.
C) Intelligence tests have been shown to accurately predict future occupational success.
D) Most standardized tests demand passive recognition of facts.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Kenny,a minority adolescent,believes that what he learns "on the street" is more important than what he is taught in school.According to Robert Sternberg,Kenny believes which of the following types of intelligence is the most important?

A) practical intelligence
B) analytic intelligence
C) naturalistic intelligence
D) divergent intelligence

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Regarding intelligence testing in schools,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) Court decisions have led some states to outlaw the use of intelligence tests in public schools.
B) African Americans are the only segment of the population with reason to question the validity of intelligence testing and the role of heredity in determining intelligence.
C) The clarification won by African Americans regarding intelligence testing has not been extended to other groups.
D) IQ testing has been shown to predict career success as well as one's competence in dealing effectively with the world.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Regarding intelligence,creativity,and wisdom,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Rational thinking can lead to correct, but uninspired answers.
B) People who are wise tend to be intelligent, but not creative.
C) Wise people are open and tolerant.
D) People can be intelligent without being wise or creative.

Question 5

Regarding intelligence,creativity,rational thinking,and wisdom,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) People can be intelligent without being wise.
B) People can be intelligent without being creative.
C) Wise people are open and tolerant.
D) Clear, rational thinking leads to inspired answers.

Question 6

Regarding intelligence testing,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Four hundred to five hundred million standardized multiple-choice tests are given in schools and workplaces around the nation each year.
B) Court decisions have led some states to outlaw the use of intelligence tests in public schools.
C) The clarification won by African Americans regarding intelligence testing has not been extended to other groups.
D) IQ is of little value in predicting career success and in predicting one's competence to deal effectively with the world.

Question 7

Regarding ethnicity and IQ scores,which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) IQ is a good predictor of later career success.
B) What psychologist Robert Sternberg calls practical intelligence may be seen by minority cultures as more important than analytic intelligence.
C) Studies that used actual blood grouping testing found significant correlations between ethnic ancestry and IQ scores.
D) Group differences in IQ scores are based on heredity, not on cultural and environmental differences.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of using standardized tests?

A) A high score on a standardized test may allow a disadvantaged youth to enter college.
B) Most standardized tests measure a person's ability to think critically and to apply knowledge to solve problems.
C) Standardized tests do accurately predict academic performance.
D) Standardized tests may be fairer and more objective than the judgments of admissions officers.

Question 9

When actual blood-group testing was conducted,there was no significant correlation found between ethnic ancestry and IQ scores because

A) blood type is not genetically-determined.
B) culture-fair tests were not utilized.
C) obvious external markers, like skin color, have little to do with underlying genetic differences.
D) of all of these.

Question 10

Robert Sternberg referred to people with "book learning" as having __________ intelligence.

A) practical
B) analytic
C) intrapersonal
D) interpersonal

Question 11

Robert Sternberg referred to a person with "street smarts" as having __________ intelligence.

A) practical
B) analytic
C) intrapersonal
D) naturalistic

Question 12

A potential danger of an intelligent person using only rational thinking is that

A) correct conclusions may be drawn from faulty logic.
B) it can lead to correct, but uninspired answers.
C) a tendency to think "outside of the box" occurs.
D) divergent thinking can lead to tangential reasoning.

Question 13

Regarding the use of IQ and IQ tests,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) IQ is not intelligence, but rather a narrowly-defined index of intelligence.
B) IQ is a permanent number quotient that expresses one's potential and future success.
C) IQ tests accurately predict academic performance.
D) Creativity, motivation, mechanical aptitude, artistic ability, and numerous other qualities are not measured by intelligence tests.

Question 14

When actual blood-group testings are conducted,what type of correlations was found between ethnic ancestry and IQ?

A) significant
B) negative
C) no significant
D) positive

Question 15

Regarding intelligence,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Intelligence reflects development as well as potential, nurture as well as nature.
B) Improving the environments in which children learn and grow is the main way in which
We can ensure that they reach their full potential.
C) People can be intelligent without being creative.
D) People who are intelligent must be wise.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a criticism of standardized testing?

A) Bad or ambiguous questions frequently occur on standardized tests.
B) Teachers have overused class time to prepare students for standardized tests instead of teaching general skills.
C) Most standardized tests demand critical or creative thinking rather than the passive recognition of facts taught in schools.
D) Standardized tests may incorrectly classify children creating a label that "sticks."

Question 17

Although Sam is growing up in the inner city,he views the knowledge and skills he is learning in high school to be his "ticket" out of poverty.According to Robert Sternberg,Sam believes which of the following types of intelligence is the most important?

A) practical intelligence
B) analytic intelligence
C) interpersonal intelligence
D) divergent intelligence

Question 18

Regarding ethnicity and IQ scores,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Although IQ predicts school performance, it does not predict later career success.
B) What psychologist Robert Sternberg calls practical intelligence may be seen by minority cultures as more important than analytic intelligence.
C) Studies that used actual blood grouping testing found significant correlations between ethnic ancestry and IQ scores.
D) Most psychologists have concluded there is no scientific evidence that group differences in average IQ are based on genetics.

Question 19

Which of the following represents a mixture of convergent thinking,intelligence,reason, creativity,originality,openness,and tolerance?

A) genius
B) liberalism
C) wisdom
D) the savant syndrome

Question 20

When David McClelland compared a group of college students with straight A's to another group with poor grades,he found

A) no differences in later career success.
B) that the straight A students had greater success in most fields of endeavor compared to the students with poor grades.
C) that the students with the poor grades had greater success in most fields of endeavor compared to the straight A students.
D) that both of these extreme grade groups had poor career success compared to the average students.

Question 21

The distribution of IQ scores within the population tends to show a U-shaped curve with most scores falling at both ends and a few scores in the middle.

Question 22

The person responsible for the development and design of the first useful individual test of intelligence was Howard Gardner.

Question 23

Early signs of giftedness include showing kindness,understanding,and cooperation with others.

Question 24

If a psychologist administers an intellience test to 100 college freshmen and a month later returns and readministers the same test,the psychology is determining this test's criterion validity.

Question 25

Familial intellectual disability is caused by metabolic disorders and birth injuries.

Question 26

"High-stakes tests," which can make or break a person's career,could be improved in all of the following ways EXCEPT by

A) using more items that assess recognition of facts through multiple choice formats.
B) using more items that require the application of knowledge to solve problems.
C) using digital video-based testing to reduce the importance of verbal skills.
D) providing a pre-test orientation for all test takers, so that people who can afford coaching won't have an unfair advantage.

Question 27

The test items selected for an intelligence test provide an operational definition of intelligence.

Question 28

Crystallized intelligence declines rapidly after middle age.

Question 29

Gary has a mental age of 12 and a chronological age of ten.Gary's IQ is 120.

Question 30

The results of Terman's study of the 1,500 intellectually gifted showed that the gifted,as a group,had a greater susceptibility to mental illness in adulthood.

Question 31

IQ scores measured at age three are highly correlated with those IQ scores measured at age 27.

Question 32

The dividing line between normal intelligence and an intellectual disability has traditionally been an IQ of 70.

Question 33

Special aptitude tests are used to predict a person's likelihood of succeeding in a single area,such as clerical work or operating a computer.

Question 34

A deviation IQ represents a person's percentage of correct responses on an intelligence test.

Question 35

For decades men,as a group,performed better on tests of rote learning than women.

Question 36

If Leon has a moderate intellectual disability but shows exceptional abilities in mental arithmetic and calendar calculations,he would be described as having savant syndrome.

Question 37

The fluid reasoning section of the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale,Fifth Edition (SB5)requires the test taker to complete analogy questions,fill-in-the-missing-shape in a group of shapes,and tell a story about what is happening in a series of pictures.

Question 38

The first Wechsler test was specifically designed to test only children and adolescents.

Question 39

IQ is a good predictor of success in the occupation of science and in leadership.

Question 40

The Army Alpha was the first group intelligence test.

Question 41

A psychologist who gives you a list of test items when you ask him or her for a definition of intelligence is providing you with a(n)__________ definition of intelligence.

Question 42

In a study of intelligence,adopted and biological children reared by the same mother resembled her IQ to the same degree,whether or not they shared her genes.

Question 43

According to Steven Johnson,video games are one aspect of contemporary culture that has been responsible for increasing intelligence in Westernized nations.

Question 44

If one psychologist administers a test simultaneously to several people with minimal
supervision,the test must be a(n)__________ test.

Question 45

Dropping out of school in the eighth grade can lower adult IQ as much as 24 points.

Question 46

To estimate a child's intelligence,we would need to compare the child's mental age to his or her __________.

Question 47

On the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV),the subtests of Digit Span and
Arithmetic make up the section called ___________.

Question 48

Court decisions have led some states to outlaw the use of intelligence tests in public schools.

Question 49

Test-retest,split-half,and equivalent-forms are three approaches to check a test's __________.

Question 50

When actual blood group testing is conducted,there are no significant correlations between ethnic ancestry and IQ.

Question 51

Alfred Binet's intelligence test was revised for use in North America and renamed the Stanford-Binet test in 1916 by psychologist __________.

Question 52

According to David Perkins,experiential intelligence is relatively fixed,so that little can be done to change this factor.

Question 53

Linguistic,logical-mathematical,and visual-spatial skills are three of Gardner's eight intelligences that are measured by traditional IQ tests.

Question 54

In "question-answer tests," humans have frequently been fooled into thinking the computer answering the questions was actual a human.

Question 55

According to the neural basis of intelligence,people with higher intelligence tend to have faster reaction times.

Question 56

When one establishes guidelines to follow in administering a test and interpreting it,such as using the same instructions and allowing the same amount of test-taking time,then one is demonstrating test __________.

Question 57

Phenylketonuria (PKU)and cretinism can both be easily detected in newborns through routine medical testing.

Question 58

Tests required to enter graduate schools of law,medicine,business,and dentistry are considered to be __________ aptitude tests.

Question 59

The core of general intellectual ability that involves reasoning,problem-solving ability,knowledge,and memory is referred to as the __________.

Question 60

Culture-fair intelligence tests have been shown to be entirely free of cultural influences.

Question 61

If Eppie has difficulty understanding the motives of others,then,according to Howard Gardner,Eppie would be low in __________ intelligence.

Question 62

Morgan is working as an accountant and uses the skills she acquired in her college classes and from her summers working in accounting firms.Thus,Morgan's ability to solve problems using already acquired knowledge is referred to as __________ intelligence.

Question 63

A test designed to measure intelligence without being affected by one's cultural background,verbal skills,or educational level is called a(n)__________ test.

Question 64

The amount of time a person must look at a stimulus to make a correct judgment about the stimulus is referred to as the person's __________ time.

Question 65

Sam has an IQ of 65,his educational classification is educable,and he needs only intermittent support regarding his adaptive skills.According to the DSM-IV-TR,Sam would be classified as having a(n)__________ intellectual disability.

Question 66

In Terman's study,the main difference between the most successful gifted and the least successful gifted students was that the successful ones had the desire to know,to excel,and to persevere,which is known as intellectual __________.

Question 67

Jason and his two siblings all have IQs between 50 and 70 and come from a very poor household where nutrition,intellectual stimulation,medical care,and emotional support are inadequate.Jason and his siblings most likely have intellectual disabilities that have a(n)__________ cause.

Question 68

Peter was born with a condition that required a tube to be surgically implanted to drain fluid from his brain into his abdomen to minimize brain damage.Peter has the condition known as __________.

Question 69

One explanation for the extraordinary performances of people with savant syndrome is that an area of the brain is damaged,freeing the person from the "distractions" of language,concepts,and higher-level thoughts.This area of the brain that is theorized to be damaged in persons with savant syndrome is the __________.

Question 70

A bell-shaped curve characterized by a large number of scores in the middle area,tapering to very few extremely high or low scores is referred to as a(n)__________ curve.

Question 71

Dr.Tryon believes that one can selectively breed animals for desirable characteristics,such as intelligence,with this science of selective breeding being known as __________.

Question 72

If you take an IQ test today,the test examiner will convert your relative standing on this test for your age group to a(n)__________ IQ.

Question 73

For decades,men,as a group,scored higher than women on portions of intelligence tests that emphasized math and __________.

Question 74

An intellectual disability is defined as having an IQ score of approximately 70 or below and a significant difficulty with abilities,such as dressing,eating,communicating,shopping,or working,which are called __________ behaviors.

Question 75

Jasmine is a high school senior who is attending a program in which she will go through hundred of hours of guided problem solving and will learn to avoid the thinking flaws that lower IQ scores.This program developed by Reuven Feuerstein and his colleagues is known as __________.

Question 76

Computer simulations and expert systems provide good examples of __________ intelligence.

Question 77

Sarita is four years old,but she enjoys talking with older children and with adults.She shows kindness to people,is cooperative,has an excellent memory,and has been talking in complete sentences since she was two.Sarita is showing early signs of __________.

Question 78

The fact that 14 nations have shown average IQ gains of from five to 25 points during the last 30 years is referred to as the __________ effect.

Question 79

Six-year-old Gene has an intellectual disability,is hyperactive,and is physically larger than average for his age with a long,thin face,and a peculiar tendency to avoid eye contact.Gene has the second most common form of genetic intellectual disability,which affects more males than females,and is called ___________.

Question 80

Sieta has been assigned a major term paper in her psychology class.So,she begins by breaking down the project into parts,establishes goals and a time line for completing each part,monitors her progress,and makes corrections when necessary.Sieta is demonstrating the ability to manage her own thinking and problem solving efforts,which are called __________ skills.