Deck 10: D: Motivation and Emotion

Question 1

The lowest needs in Maslow's hierarchy of motives could be accurately described as growth needs.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Eating a salty meal causes an extracellular thirst.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Although you were initially terrified on your first roller coaster ride,you now find them thrilling after going on several coaster rides,a change best explained by the opponent-process theory.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Pain avoidance is unusual among the biological motives because it is cyclic rather than episodic.

Question 5

Guilt is one of the eight primary emotions described by Plutchik.

Question 6

If Margie studies her college course in order to get good grades and praise from her parents,she would be described as being intrinsically motivated.

Question 7

Persons with anorexia lose their appetite and stop feeling hungry because of this compulsive dieting.

Question 8

People who diet intensely every other day lose as much weight as those who diet moderately every day.

Question 9

According to the Yerkes-Dodson law,optimum performance occurs at higher levels of arousal for simple tasks and lower levels of arousal for complex tasks.

Question 10

Jet lag is worse when you fly west,and usually takes about a day to get over.

Question 11

The French people are less likely to become obese because they eat smaller portions and eat slower than people in the United States.

Question 12

Recordings of brain activity show that it is impossible to experience positive and negative emotions at the same time.

Question 13

Needs for power,affiliation,approval,status,security,and achievement are referred to as learned motives.

Question 14

People who are low sensation seekers tend to be orderly,nurturant,and giving,and tend to enjoy the company of others.

Question 15

To enhance your self-confidence,you should make comparisons when you first acquire a skill so you will know how much you need to improve regarding this skill.

Question 16

People who have had their stomachs surgically removed still experience hunger.

Question 17

Sex is considered homeostatic and necessary for individual survival.

Question 18

To prevent test anxiety before each test,you should imagine going blank,running out of time,or feeling panicked and then calmly plan how you will handle each situation.

Question 19

Since Jerry's main goal in life is to make lots of money,psychologists would describe Jerry as having a high need for achievement.

Question 20

If your body is dehydrated,but you are not thirsty,we would say that you have a drive,but not a need.

Question 21

According to the "chameleon effect," if another person copies your gestures and physical postures,you are more likely to like them.

Question 22

The process of initiation,directing,sustaining,and terminating the activities of an organism is called __________.

Question 23

The James-Lange theory of emotion theories explains that the feelings occur after the bodily arousal,that is,one sees the growling dog,then runs,is aroused,and,lastly,feels fear.

Question 24

Feeling dizzy or fainting at the sight of a traumatic injury can occur as a result of an overreaction of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 25

Male babies start out life more emotionally expressive than female babies.

Question 26

Restraining one's emotions decreases activity in the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 27

Carrie begins implementing a routine in which she keeps track of her calories,uses learning techniques to control her eating habits,and starts exercising.According to your textbook,Carrie has begun a(n)__________ program

Question 28

When people are lying,their use of illustrators increases,while their use of emblems decreases.

Question 29

If you have sweated a great deal from exercising,a slightly salty liquid will more readily satisfy the type of thirst known as __________ thirst.

Question 30

The needs that appear to be innate but are not necessary for survival,such as the needs for activity,exploration,manipulation,and physical contact are called __________ motives.

Question 31

Desirable goals may motivate behavior in the absence of an internal need with this property known as the goal's __________ value.

Question 32

When you are well fed,your tongue's sensitivity to sweet tastes will be dulled by the fat cells releasing a substance called __________.

Question 33

Lie detectors (polygraphs)cannot tell the difference in lying and anxiety.

Question 34

According to positive psychology,negative emotions tend to narrow our focus,while positive emotions tend to broaden our focus.

Question 35

As you and your mother are riding the double ferris wheel,you interpret your adrenaline rush as "thrilling and delightful" and your mother interprets her adrenaline rush as "terrifying fear" with this difference best explained by the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion.

Question 36

Emotional intelligence involves the ability to perceive,use,understand,and manage emotions and includes such skills as self-awareness,empathy,and self-control.

Question 37

After a male animal is allowed to copulate until it has no further interest,it will resume sexual activity when a new partner is provided,a non-homeostatic pattern known as the __________ effect.

Question 38

The area of the brain that contains both a feeding center and the satiety center is the __________.

Question 39

Shana gorges on food and then vomits or takes laxatives to avoid gaining weight.Shana would most likely be diagnosed with __________.

Question 40

The maintenance of steady states of temperature and blood pressure are examples of the process known as __________.

Question 41

People who enjoy reading and expanding their knowledge of the world would be described as reading books because of __________ motivation.

Question 42

The theory that explains that posed facial expressions can alter emotion,such as frowning making one feel sad and smiling making one feel happy,is known as the __________ hypothesis..

Question 43

If you are feeling happy and joyful,research into brain activity would indicate that processing of those emotions occurs primarily in the __________ hemisphere.

Question 44

The thumbs-up sign,the head shake for "no",or the A-Okay sign are examples of __________.

Question 45

When Patricia almost stepped on a snake,she experienced physiological arousal,reacted,and felt fear simultaneously,which illustrates the __________ theory of emotion.

Question 46

The study of communication through body movement,posture,gestures,and facial expressions is called __________.

Question 47

Emotions that are associated with actions that helped our ancestors save their lives,but can which tend to narrow our focus during decision-making are our __________ emotions.

Question 48

According to Maslow,needs that are an expression of tendencies for self-actualization,such as perfection,justice,and beauty,are called __________.

Question 49

To minimize the possibility of an innocent person being wrongly accused due to the results of a polygraph test,skilled polygraph examiners will often use a series of multiple-choice questions known as the __________ test.

Question 50

Gabriel goes bungee-jumping,has cage-dived with the great white sharks,and loves riding roller coasters.Gabriel would be described as having the trait of high __________ seeking.

Question 51

Erin is good at "reading" facial expressions,tone of voice,and other signs of emotion in others and to sense what others are feeling.In terms of emotional intelligence,Erin is exhibiting __________.

Question 52

People who suffer from phobias and disabling anxiety often feel afraid without knowing why.This appears to be due to the actions of the part of the brain known as the __________.

Question 53

Because boys learn to suppress their emotional expressions,the only emotion they can freely express is __________.

Question 54

We become uncomfortable when the activation of the body and nervous system is too low or too high,according to the __________ theory.

Question 55

Learned motives which are acquired in complex ways,such as cultural conditioning,and include the desire for status,money,success,achievement,and dominance are called __________ motives.

Question 56

According to Richard Lazarus,people tend to evaluate a stimulus as good or bad,threatening or supportive,relevant or irrelevant,and so on,which illustrates the process of __________.

Question 57

The arrangement of the face into a combination of two or more facial expressions is called a facial __________.

Question 58

Low intensity states that can last for many hours,or even days,can affect day-to-day behavior,and are closely tied to circadian rhythms are called __________.

Question 59

Carl always seems to wear the latest fashion,drives a sporty car,is seen at all the important events,and only associates with the most popular people on campus.Carl has a high need for __________.

Question 60

After narrowly avoiding a collision on his way to school,Mike notices as he continues to drive that his heart rate and breathing are rapid and his muscles are tense.Mike is feeling the effects of the __________ nervous system.

Question 61

Lynda is flying from Atlanta,Georgia,to Rome,Italy.Explain why jet lag occurs,how it will affect her overall mood and performance,and what she can do before,during,and after she gets to Tokyo to minimize these "jet lag" effects.

Question 62

Compare and contrast the traditional method of polygraphs and the newer method of fMRI scans to "detect lying." Include in your answer what each procedure measures,how each is administered,and the limitations and accuracy of these methods.

Question 63

Discuss the three elements of emotions,explain how a person can experience two opposite
emotions simultaneously,and describe the role of the amygdala in emotion.

Question 64

According to Kasser and Ryan,college students who are primarily concerned with money,
personal appearance,and social recognition score lower than average in vitality,self-
actualization,and general well-being.Discuss these findings using Maslow's hierarchy of needs and his description of the meta-needs; and then explain the difference in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and how these two types of motivation can be involved in turning "play" into "work."

Question 65

Explain how the drive to avoid pain and the sex drive differ from hunger and thirst.

Question 66

Explain the difference between individuals with a high need for achievement and those with a high need for power.

Question 67

A friend of yours is experiencing test anxiety,and she thinks that she just needs to "calm down." Explain why "just calming down" will not solve her problem and then give her some helpful suggestions for coping with test anxiety.

Question 68

Describe the contemporary model of emotion,explaining how each of the theories of emotion is included within this model.

Question 69

Your friend has just finished her freshmen year in college,and she has gained 15 pounds.
Explain to your friend why her weight gain during her freshmen year is quite common and describe how behavioral dieting will help her lose and then maintain a healthy weight.

Question 70

Discuss how emotionally intelligent people perceive,use,and manage their emotions.