Deck 3: Nations and Society

Question 1

Ethnicity is typically defined by a "master list" of:

A)religion and language.
B)language and customs.
C)religion and customs.
D)There is no master list that defines ethnicity.
E)geography and ideology.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Ethnic and national identities have their origins in:

A)Europe.
B)North America.
C)Asia.
D)the Middle East.
E)the Cold War.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following is inherently political?

A)Society.
B)Ethnicity.
C)National identity.
D)Custom.
E)Language.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

National identity is:

A)often derived from ethnic identity.
B)never derived from ethnic identity.
C)always derived from religious identity.
D)never derived from religious identity.
E)becoming a less influential institution in politics.

Question 5

National identity is strongly identified with which political value?

A)Democracy.
B)Charismatic legitimacy.
C)Sovereignty.
D)Devolution.
E)Capacity.

Question 6

What is the distinction between ethnicity and society?

A)They mean the same thing.
B)A single society can be made up of several ethnicities.
C)A society cannot exist unless it has one ethnic identity.
D)Ethnicity refers to religion, whereas society refers to politics.
E)Ethnicity refers to politics, whereas society refers to religion.

Question 7

Patriotism can be defined as pride in one's:

A)state.
B)race.
C)people.
D)community.
E)ethnicity.

Question 8

Society refers to people:

A)who think alike.
B)who are bound by shared institutions.
C)who have the same religion.
D)who are of the same race.
E)who have the same ethnicity.

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding citizenship, ethnic identity, and national identity?

A)Citizenship, ethnic identity, and national identity are mutually exclusive; a person can hold only one of these three identities.
B)Citizenship, ethnic identity, and national identity are not mutually exclusive; a person can hold all three identities.
C)Citizenship is incompatible with national and ethnic identity.
D)Ethnic identity is incompatible with national identity and citizenship.
E)These are relatively weak institutions.

Question 10

Ethnic identity can be defined as:

A)specific attributes that make one group of people culturally different.
B)biological elements that separate people by race.
C)linguistic differences between otherwise similar people.
D)economic differences interconnected with cultural values.
E)geographic differences between people.

Question 11

Ascription is when a particular identity is assigned:

A)by the state.
B)at birth.
C)by genetics.
D)by geography.
E)by ideology.

Question 12

Nationalism can be defined as pride in one's:

A)state.
B)race.
C)people.
D)community.
E)politicians.

Question 13

A state that encompasses one dominant nation that it claims to represent is known as a(n):

A)ethnic polity.
B)citizen state.
C)nation-state.
D)patriotic state.
E)devolved state.

Question 14

What is the relationship between ethnicity and politics?

A)Ethnicity is always political.
B)Ethnicity is never political.
C)Ethnicity can be political, but it is not necessarily so.
D)Ethnicity was once highly political, but it is no longer so.
E)They are often used to mean the same thing.

Question 15

Scholars believe that ethnicity and nationality are:

A)genetic traits.
B)socially constructed.
C)easily modified or eliminated.
D)becoming less important.
E)the same thing.

Question 16

People bound together by a common set of political aspirations (such as sovereignty) belong to a(n):

A)nation.
B)polity.
C)ethnic group.
D)country.
E)state.

Question 17

Citizenship is most strongly connected to which of the following?

A)Ethnicity.
B)Patriotism.
C)Nationalism.
D)Ideology.
E)Federalism.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an attribute defining ethnicity?

A)Religion.
B)Custom.
C)Citizenship.
D)Language.
E)History.

Question 19

Citizenship is best defined as:

A)democratic rights, such as voting.
B)an individual's or a group's relationship to the state.
C)economic obligations that a person has to the state, such as taxation.
D)an arbitrary sense of personal loyalty to a particular country.
E)a form of ideology.

Question 20

_________ is a collection of people, bound by shared institutions that define how human relations should be conducted.

A)Government
B)Society
C)Culture
D)Citizenship
E)Humanity

Question 21

How should a state decide who should be a citizen and who should not? Should ethnicity, nationality, or even patriotism matter?

Question 22

Political culture can be defined as:

A)the views of a society toward the role of culture and its place in politics.
B)temporary political values held during times of sudden change.
C)the basic norms for political activity in a society.
D)how politicians conduct their campaigns.
E)the level of political modernization in a country.

Question 23

As a political ideology, liberalism places a strong emphasis on:

A)individual freedom and a weak state.
B)collective equality and a strong state.
C)individual freedom and a strong state.
D)collective equality and a weak state.
E)high autonomy and low capacity.

Question 24

The difference between ethnic and national conflict is that:

A)ethnic conflict is typically more violent than national conflict.
B)national conflict is more concerned with sovereignty and independence than ethnic conflict.
C)national conflict is always top down, while ethnic conflict is always bottom up.
D)national conflict is more likely to result in terrorism.
E)there is essentially no difference between the two.

Question 25

What are the dominant political ideologies in your country today? Where do they fall in the spectrum of political attitudes?

Question 26

Reactionaries are those in the political spectrum who favor:

A)evolutionary change of the status quo.
B)the status quo.
C)restoring structures that may have once existed.
D)revolutionary change of the status quo.
E)a racist political system.

Question 27

Nationalism is strongly tied to which military innovation?

A)Weapons of mass destruction.
B)Mass armies.
C)Trench warfare.
D)Mercenary armies.
E)Asymmetrical combat.

Question 28

Political attitudes describe:

A)views regarding the necessary pace and scope of change.
B)universal political values.
C)the tendency of different societies to participate in politics.
D)views regarding the role of elected officials.
E)views regarding the appropriate relationship between state and society.

Question 29

Are people in the United States stronger in their feelings of nationalism or in their feelings of patriotism? What are the differences between the two?

Question 30

Chinese radicals, in their political values and goals, would have much in common with American:

A)radicals.
B)conservatives.
C)reactionaries.
D)liberals.
E)Marxists.

Question 31

Power sharing as a way to solve ethnic and national conflict:

A)has been shown to work extremely well.
B)must be accompanied by international intervention in order to work.
C)can "freeze" group divisions.
D)has usually led to authoritarianism.
E)must include federalism in order to be successful.

Question 32

Where does religious fundamentalism best fall in terms of political attitudes? Does religious fundamentalism resemble one political ideology more than another?

Question 33

Conservatives are those in the political spectrum who favor:

A)evolutionary change of the status quo.
B)the status quo.
C)restoring structures that once existed.
D)revolutionary change of the status quo.
E)lower taxes.

Question 34

In your view, should every nation be allowed to form its own state?

Question 35

Radicals are those in the political spectrum who favor:

A)evolutionary change of the status quo.
B)the status quo.
C)restoring structures that once existed.
D)revolutionary change of the status quo.
E)the elimination of private property and an end to class divisions.

Question 36

Ethnic identity and national identity are strongly connected to the development of:

A)a written language.
B)the state.
C)seafaring.
D)monotheism.
E)the Cold War.

Question 37

Fundamentalism can be defined as:

A)an ideology that seeks to unite faith with the state.
B)a high degree of religious orthodoxy.
C)a desire to return a society to its premodern roots.
D)the use of violence toward religious ends.
E)any deeply held value that combines political and religious views.