Deck 6: Nondemocratic Regimes

Question 1

The "resource trap" theory argues that:

A)countries with natural resources are less likely to be democratic.
B)countries with natural resources are more likely to be democratic.
C)countries with educational resources are less likely to be democratic.
D)countries with small welfare states are less likely to be democratic.
E)countries with large states wind up becoming less democratic.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

At its worst, co-optation can decline into what is known as:

A)nepocracy, or rule by a single family.
B)kleptocracy, or rule by theft.
C)clanocracy, or rule by a small clan.
D)netocracy, or rule by personal connections.
E)elitocracy, or rule by elites.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following would be an example of rent seeking?

A)Arresting opponents of those in power, but not killing them.
B)Claiming that the leadership can solve all the country's problems.
C)Giving control of a nationalized industry to supporters of those in power.
D)Power sharing between labor and the military in a nondemocratic regime.
E)Privatizing the armed forces.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Asserting that democracy is connected to "Western" institutions is an argument fundamentally based on:

A)economics.
B)culture.
C)leadership.
D)geography.
E)international relations.

Question 5

Which of the following examples can be described as totalitarian?

A)The Soviet Union under Stalin.
B)Iraq under Saddam Hussein.
C)Canada.
D)Brazil.
E)There has never been an example of a totalitarian system in practice.

Question 6

Which of the following has challenged the behavioral revolution's assertion about the relationship between nondemocratic rule and modernization?

A)One cannot find countries where capitalism and authoritarianism exist simultaneously.
B)Authoritarianism can be found only alongside capitalism.
C)Modernization's disruptive process can lead to nondemocratic rule.
D)Most wealthy countries in the world are nondemocratic.
E)There has been no effective challenge to this assertion.

Question 7

Corporatism is commonly associated with:

A)theocracy.
B)bureaucratic authoritarianism.
C)personal rule.
D)one-party rule.
E)illiberalism.

Question 8

A system wherein authoritarian regimes sanction a limited number of organizations to represent the public is known as:

A)neocorporatism.
B)corporatism.
C)clientelism.
D)rent seeking.
E)kickbacks.

Question 9

A personality cult can be defined as:

A)a way to demonize outside enemies by claiming they are atheists.
B)a way to reinforce rule through the veneration of the leadership.
C)a way to institutionalize the leadership through a monarchy.
D)a way to maintain stability by emphasizing the mortality of those in power.
E)something only found in theocracies.

Question 10

What is the relationship between civil society and nondemocratic regimes?

A)Civil society always promotes democracy and opposes nondemocratic rule.
B)Nondemocratic regimes often seek to destroy civil society.
C)Nondemocratic regimes often seek to empower and expand civil society.
D)Nondemocratic regimes wield such power that civil society is irrelevant.
E)Civil society is a form of totalitarian rule.

Question 11

As a political system, totalitarianism is:

A)common.
B)rare.
C)common only in Latin America.
D)common only in Africa.
E)growing in power since the end of the Cold War.

Question 12

A less structured system in which states co-opt the public by providing benefits to individuals or small groups is known as:

A)neocorporatism.
B)corporatism.
C)clientelism.
D)rent seeking.
E)kickbacks.

Question 13

The "Asian values" argument asserts that:

A)Asia has particular values that make it less receptive to democracy.
B)Asia has particular values that make it more receptive to democracy.
C)Asian authoritarianism tends to be more personalistic due to culture.
D)Asian authoritarianism tends to be less violent due to culture.
E)modern democracy has its origins in Asia.

Question 14

Using the state to distribute public goods as form of patronage in return for political support is known as:

A)neocorporatism.
B)corporatism.
C)clientelism.
D)rent seeking.
E)pork barreling.

Question 15

The Soviet Union under Stalin is most commonly associated with:

A)coercion.
B)rent seeking.
C)illiberalism.
D)clientelism.
E)neocorporatism.

Question 16

Purges are an example of:

A)co-optation.
B)coercion.
C)patronage.
D)a resource trap.
E)corporatism.

Question 17

Nondemocratic regimes are best defined as a political system wherein:

A)a small group of individuals exercises power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public.
B)a small group of individuals exercises power but remains constitutionally responsible to the public.
C)one person is elected by the state and then wields unlimited power.
D)the military controls all political decisions.
E)power is held by a single political party.

Question 18

Totalitarianism is a:

A)term interchangeable with authoritarianism.
B)regime that seeks to transform the state, society, and economy of a country to meet an ideological goal.
C)less violent system than authoritarianism.
D)system that lacks any ideological goals.
E)system that perpetuates itself through genocide.

Question 19

A system where individuals are brought into a beneficial and dependent relationship with an organization is known as:

A)co-optation.
B)integration.
C)dependency.
D)acculturation.
E)verticality.

Question 20

Stalin is an example of a leader associated with what concept?

A)Patrimonialism.
B)Rational-legal legitimacy.
C)Bureaucratic authoritarianism.
D)Personality cult.
E)Theocracy.

Question 21

A system of authoritarianism wherein a ruler's power is based on patrimonialism is known as:

A)one-party rule.
B)military rule.
C)quasidemocracy.
D)personal rule.
E)totalitarianism.

Question 22

What is the relationship between nondemocratic rule and legitimacy?

A)Nondemocratic regimes are never legitimate in the eyes of the public.
B)Nondemocratic regimes are never legitimate in the eyes of the international community.
C)Nondemocratic regimes may enjoy some or even a great deal of public support.
D)Legitimacy is a concept that can only be understood in the context of democracy.
E)Nondemocratic regimes are only legitimate before the advent of industrialization.

Question 23

Bureaucratic authoritarianism often justifies military rule by asserting that:

A)only the military can restore public pride.
B)only the military can defend the country from invasion.
C)only the military can rise above "irrational" politics.
D)civilians are inferior to the officer corps.
E)only the educated should be given the right to rule.

Question 24

Why are some countries nondemocratic while others are democratic? Are social or economic factors more important when explaining this difference?

Question 25

Which of the following is commonly cited as an example of an illiberal regime?

A)Cuba.
B)Colombia.
C)Chile.
D)Brazil.
E)North Korea.

Question 26

Why did powerful forms of authoritarianism, such as in the Soviet Union, eventually fail? Why do such systems often collapse?

Question 27

What term refers to a military seizure of the government?

A)Coup de grâce.
B)Coup d'état.
C)Regime disruption.
D)Military usurpation.
E)Armed politics.

Question 28

Is authoritarianism a more "efficient" means of rule than democracy? Why or why not?

Question 29

Which of the following countries is most commonly cited as an example of a theocracy?

A)China.
B)Jordan.
C)Iran.
D)Thailand.
E)Russia.

Question 30

Can authoritarian rule be legitimate? Why or why not? Should all people live under democracy? What are the possible benefits and potential dangers that result from promoting this goal?

Question 31

The number of authoritarian countries has:

A)increased over the past 30 years.
B)decreased over the past 30 years.
C)stayed exactly the same over the past 30 years.
D)increased temporarily after the end of communism.
E)dropped to less than 1 percent of regimes worldwide.

Question 32

Bureaucratic authoritarianism typically relies on the cooperation of which groups?

A)Military and state bureaucracy.
B)State bureaucracy and labor.
C)Military and labor.
D)State bureaucracy and peasantry.
E)Students and the military.

Question 33

Which of the following best describes the record of economic growth under military rule?

A)In almost every case of military rule, economic growth has been negative.
B)In some cases of military rule, economic growth has been high, but in many more cases it has led to instability and poor development.
C)Some cases of military rule have led to instability and violence, but in many more cases they have led to high economic growth.
D)Military rule produced high levels of economic growth in Latin America but not in Asia.
E)In almost every case, military rule has emphasized agriculture over industrialization.

Question 34

Latin America and Africa are noted for the frequency of which kind of authoritarianism?

A)One-party rule.
B)Military rule.
C)Quasidemocracy.
D)Personal rule.
E)Totalitarianism.

Question 35

Some note that Russia may now be described as which kind of regime?

A)Liberal democratic.
B)Totalitarian.
C)Bureaucratic authoritarian.
D)Monarchic.
E)Theocracy.

Question 36

Countries that appear to have many of the trappings of democracy but restrict the democratic process to a great degree are known as:

A)illiberal or hybrid regimes.
B)crypto-democracies.
C)subdemocracies.
D)democratic tyrannies.
E)demarches.

Question 37

Communist countries are examples of which form of authoritarianism?

A)One-party rule.
B)Military rule.
C)Quasidemocracy.
D)Personal rule.
E)Illiberalism.

Question 38

A nondemocratic regime based on holy texts as a foundation for its rule is known as:

A)fundamental totalitarianism.
B)faith-based illiberalism.
C)a theocracy.
D)monism.
E)orthodox authoritarianism.

Question 39

What might explain why the popularity of nondemocratic rule has waned in recent years? What could reverse this course?