Deck 5: Culture

Question 1

________ is an integrated system of learned behavior patterns that are characteristic of the members of any given society.

A)Culture
B)A value system
C)A vision
D)Aesthetics
E)Environment

Answer 1

A

Question 2

____________,which stresses loyalty and relationships,has been viewed by many as a code of conduct rather than a religion.

A)Confucianism
B)Islam
C)Buddhism
D)Judaism
E)Hinduism

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Joseph,a Westerner,is having a conversation with Juan,from Latin America. Joseph is bothered by the fact that Juan tends to lean into Joseph's personal space during intense conversation. This example applies to which area of nonverbal communication?

A)time
B)material possessions
C)space
D)friendship patterns
E)business agreements

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Jake is a homemaker who was recently asked to help test a new dishwashing liquid. After using the new product and competitive products at home for a week,he was asked to join seven other testers in a conference call to discuss the product in comparison to its competitors. This type of testing can best be described as a(n):

A)Focus group
B)In-depth study
C)Investigative report
D)Reference group
E)Stratified study

Question 5

While the religion of ________ is supportive of entrepreneurship,it strongly discourages acts that may be interpreted as exploitation.

A)Christianity
B)Islam
C)Buddhism
D)Judaism
E)Confucianism

Question 6

Which of the following IS NOT a distinct role of language capabilities in international business?

A)Language aids in information gathering and evaluation
B)Language provides access to local society
C)Language aids in interpretation of contexts
D)Language communication is increasingly important in company communications
E)Language is one-dimensional by nature

Question 7

Although the religion of _______ has approximately 14 million followers around the world,its impact is still significant due to the centuries that this religion has influenced world history.

A)Christianity
B)Islam
C)Buddhism
D)Judaism
E)Confucianism

Question 8

Sara has been raised by the religious notion that although she was born into the lower class,she must not aim to bring herself above this level later on in life. Based on this notion,Sara and her family are likely practitioners of what religion?

A)Christianity
B)Islam
C)Buddhism
D)Judaism
E)Hinduism

Question 9

Diego is an American expatriate who recently transferred to an office in China. After a few weeks on the job,he is surprised to observe that job criticisms are subtly communicated verbally rather than recorded formally. Based on this information,the Chinese culture can best be described as:

A)Low power distance
B)Feminine
C)High-context
D)Low-context
E)Group-oriented

Question 10

Understanding __________ is especially important in negotiations.

A)values
B)manners and customs
C)attitudes
D)educational levels
E)material elements

Question 11

Five key topics associated with __________ are time,space,material possessions,friendship patterns,and business agreements.

A)verbal communication
B)nonverbal communication
C)manners and customs
D)aesthetics
E)material elements

Question 12

In a(n)________ culture,behavioral and environmental nuances are an important means of conveying information.

A)masculine
B)feminine
C)high-context
D)low-context
E)individualistic

Question 13

While on a business trip in Hong Kong,Elba was surprised to note that when a business partner was running late for an important meeting with clients,neither the clients nor her colleagues seemed annoyed or impatient. This demonstrates that in Hong Kong,:

A)Time is flexible
B)Punctuality is important
C)Personal space is not to be crossed
D)There is no such thing as personal space
E)Material possessions should not be flaunted

Question 14

___________ are shared beliefs or group norms that have been internalized by individuals.

A)Visions
B)Missions
C)Cultural shifts
D)Values
E)Attitudes

Question 15

Which has the largest following among all world religions?

A)Christianity
B)Islam
C)Buddhism
D)Hinduism
E)Confucianism

Question 16

The process of adjusting and adapting to a specific culture other than one's own is called:

A)Cultural convergence
B)Norming
C)Culture risk
D)Change
E)Acculturation

Question 17

_________ are evaluations of alternatives based on shared values.

A)Visions
B)Missions
C)Cultural shifts
D)Norms
E)Attitudes

Question 18

During a study-abroad trip to Japan,Joni is fascinated by the level of courtesy and etiquette commonly displayed during meals in Japan. Such common behaviors can be described as:

A)Material elements
B)Values
C)Norms
D)Cultural universals
E)Culture risks

Question 19

Which of the following businesses is most likely to be accused of cultural imperialism?

A)A small French vineyard that exports internationally
B)A multinational coffee chain pursuing high international growth
C)A hometown bakery in the Midwest that imports some ingredients from abroad
D)A European oil refining company that processes and sells oil worldwide
E)A Swiss banking institution that assists foreign clients to hide money

Question 20

Achieving nirvana is important in which dominant world religion?

A)Confucianism
B)Islam
C)Buddhism
D)Judaism
E)Hinduism

Question 21

Solise is a marketing researcher in Cambodia. Her work contributes to which infrastructure system within that country?

A)Marketing infrastructure
B)Financial infrastructure
C)Social infrastructure
D)Economic infrastructure
E)Services infrastructure

Question 22

A country's housing,health,and educational systems are categorized under the:

A)Marketing infrastructure
B)Financial infrastructure
C)Social infrastructure
D)Economic infrastructure
E)Services infrastructure

Question 23

________ information is obtained from others through communication,research,and education.

A)Subjective
B)Factual
C)Experiential
D)Interpretive
E)Qualitative

Question 24

________ refers to levels of equality in society.

A)Power distance
B)Individualism
C)Uncertainty avoidance
D)Masculinity
E)Time orientation

Question 25

__________ is the regarding of one's own culture as superior to others'.

A)Ethnocentrism
B)Power distance
C)Self-reference criterion
D)Cultural assimilation
E)Imperialism

Question 26

_______ refers to the expression of taste through art,color,form,music,and other mediums.

A)Aesthetics
B)Materialism
C)Cultural convergence
D)Imagery
E)Social stratification

Question 27

Paulo was raised in a household where it was deemed appropriate for both men and women to openly show emotion. The culture within Paulo's household can best be described as:

A)High masculinity
B)Low masculinity
C)High individualism
D)Low individualism
E)Medium power distance

Question 28

________ refers to the results of technology and is directly related to how a society organizes its economic activity.

A)Innovation
B)Social infrastructure
C)Aesthetics
D)Marketing infrastructure
E)Material culture

Question 29

_________ are groups such as family,co-workers,and professional and trade associations that provide the values and attitudes that influence and shape behavior.

A)Socially stratified entities
B)In-depth study groups
C)Focus groups
D)Reference groups
E)Cultural nodes

Question 30

___________ is the unconscious reference to one's own cultural values.

A)Ethnocentrism
B)Power distance
C)Self-reference criterion
D)Cultural assimilation
E)Imperialism

Question 31

__________ knowledge is an acquired ability to understand and appreciate the nuances of foreign cultural traits and patterns.

A)Objective
B)Intellectual
C)Experiential
D)Interpretive
E)Emotional

Question 32

For her final semester in college,Bonny has just accepted an internship at a government office abroad. What type of knowledge will she acquire during the internship that she is not likely to acquire at home?

A)Objective
B)Factual
C)Experiential
D)Interpretive
E)Quantitative

Question 33

Banks belong to which infrastructure system within a country?

A)Marketing infrastructure
B)Financial infrastructure
C)Social infrastructure
D)Economic infrastructure
E)Services infrastructure

Question 34

The transportation,energy,and communication systems in a country are referred to as the:

A)Marketing infrastructure
B)Financial infrastructure
C)Social infrastructure
D)Economic infrastructure
E)Goods infrastructure

Question 35

The key variable in the Cross-Cultural Behavior model is:

A)Propensity to change
B)Cognitive distortion
C)Evaluation of innovation
D)Adoption
E)Cognitive search

Question 36

__________ knowledge can be acquired only by being involved in a culture other than one's own.

A)Objective
B)Factual
C)Experiential
D)Interpretive
E)Quantitative

Question 37

It is argued that differences in cultural lifestyle can be explained by four dimensions of culture. These dimensions consist of individualism,power distance,uncertainty avoidance,and:

A)Greed
B)Risk aversion
C)Wealth
D)Context
E)Masculinity

Question 38

________ is the increasing similarity among cultures accelerated by technological advances.

A)Cultural risk
B)Acculturation
C)Material elements
D)Aesthetics
E)Cultural convergence

Question 39

Educational levels can best be assessed using literacy rates,enrollment in secondary education,and:

A)Rate of books published within a country
B)IQ scores
C)Enrollment in higher education
D)Enrollment in the military
E)Wealth of a nation

Question 40

Dividing a particular population into classes is called:

A)Quantitative analysis
B)group referencing
C)target marketing
D)social stratification
E)team building

Question 41

Cultural risk is just as real as commercial or political risk in the international business arena.

Question 42

Housing,health,and educational systems are all included in the social infrastructure of society.

Question 43

The family is an important element of Hindu society.

Question 44

Attitudes are evaluations of alternatives based on values.

Question 45

Experiential knowledge is only acquired by being involved in a culture other than one's own.

Question 46

Language capacity has become less important in company communications since English has become the standard language of business.

Question 47

The division of a particular population into classes is referred to as cultural classification.

Question 48

_________ focuses on personal and interpersonal interactions.

A)Social stratification
B)Area studies
C)Field experience
D)Sensitivity training
E)Cultural assimilation

Question 49

In a high context culture,behavioral and environmental nuances are an important means of conveying information.

Question 50

The financial infrastructure includes transportation,energy,and communications systems.

Question 51

In comparison to Americans,Arabs like to stand close to people when they talk.

Question 52

Focus groups are groups such as family,co-workers,and professional and trade associations that provide the values and attitudes that influence and shape behavior.

Question 53

All of the following are strong recommendations for making culture work for business success EXCEPT:

A)Embrace the home culture
B)Build relationships
C)Employ locals in order to gain cultural knowledge
D)Adapt products and processes to local markets
E)Coordinate by region

Question 54

__________ are training programs that provide factual preparation prior to an overseas assignment.

A)Social stratification
B)Reference groups
C)In-depth studies
D)Area studies
E)Focus groups

Question 55

The process of adjusting to a specific culture other than one's own is globalization.

Question 56

Acculturation is the increasing similarity among cultures accelerated by technological advances.

Question 57

Ralph is participating in a training program where he is asked to respond to the following scenario: "Suppose you are doing business in Germany. What is the most appropriate salutation when meeting German business clients?" This type of scenario exercise is called:

A)Social stratification
B)Area studies
C)Field experience
D)Sensitivity training
E)Cultural assimilation

Question 58

Islam is the world religion with the largest following of people.

Question 59

Cultural knowledge refers to an acquired ability to understand and appreciate the nuances of foreign cultural traits and patterns.

Question 60

___________ refers to experience acquired in actual rather than laboratory settings.

A)Clinical experience
B)Area studies
C)Field experience
D)Sensitivity training
E)Cultural assimilation

Question 61

A culture that is considered to by high in masculinity tends to stress the importance of achievement.

Question 62

__________ is the retranslation of text to the original language by a different person than the one who made the first translation.

Question 63

________ is the process of adjusting and adapting to a specific culture other than one's own.

Question 64

In __________ cultures,information is conveyed explicitly rather than through behavioral and environmental nuances.

Question 65

Explain the role of language in international business.

Question 66

__________ is the unconscious reference to one's own cultural values.

Question 67

The religion of ________ has over 1 billion followers and is supportive of entrepreneurism.

Question 68

Ethnocentrism is the regarding of one's own culture as superior to others'.

Question 69

Two ways to use culture as a tool for ensuring business success are to employ locals in order to gain cultural knowledge and to adapt products and processes in local markets.

Question 70

_________ is the division of a particular population into classes.

Question 71

__________ are similarities in the total way of life of any group of people.

Question 72

__________ consists of transportation,energy,and communications systems.

Question 73

A(n)_________ is a person or institution that facilitates change in a firm or in a country.

Question 74

Explain how the dominant religions of the world affect culture and play a role in international business.

Question 75

A(n)___________ is a program in which trainees for overseas assignments must respond to scenarios of specific situations in a particular country.

Question 76

It has been argued that the differences in cultural lifestyle can be explained by four or five dimensions of culture. Describe these dimensions and explain how they apply to business.

Question 77

Power distance in society involves the need for formal rules and regulations.

Question 78

__________ is the largest organized world religion with 1.8 billion followers.

Question 79

Due to its strong diversity,the United States has a strong advantage in foreign language and international business skills as compared to other countries.

Question 80

_________ is knowledge acquired through involvement as opposed to information.