Deck 3: Epidemiology: the Study of Disease, injury, and Death in the Community

Question 1

Epidemiology is sometimes referred to as

A)population medicine
B)personal medicine
C)standardized medicine
D)pandemic medicine

Answer 1

population medicine

Question 2

Sometimes notifiable diseases are not reported to the local health department because patients recover without a diagnosis being confirmed.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The rate of an illness in a population is the natality rate.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

A probability statement about the association between a particular disease and a specific risk factor is

A)an odds ratio
B)relative risk
C)criteria of causation
D)an epidemic curve

Question 5

When using criteria of causation,the criterion that addresses the issue of whether the association been reported in a variety of people,exposed in a variety of setting,and can have repeatable results by other researchers is

A)strength
B)specificity
C)temporality
D)consistency

Question 6

An epidemiological study aimed at testing hypotheses is a descriptive study.

Question 7

A primary care physician is concerned with the course of a disease in an individual,while an epidemiologist is concerned with the course of disease in a population.

Question 8

The electronic reporting system used by state health departments and the CDC to report notifiable disease is Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR).

Question 9

An attack rate is an incidence rate calculated for a particular population for a single disease outbreak and is expressed as a percentage.

Question 10

The period between exposure to a disease and the onset of symptoms is the incubation period.

Question 11

Vital statistics are statistical summaries of records of major life events such as births,deaths,marriages,divorces,and infant deaths.

Question 12

A disease that lasts three months or less is a chronic disease.

Question 13

An epidemic curve depicting a distribution of cases traceable to multiple sources of exposure is a

A)point source epidemic curve
B)propagated epidemic curve
C)case control study
D)descriptive study

Question 14

An unexpectedly large number of cases of an illness,specific health-related behavior,or other health-related event in a particular population defines a pandemic.

Question 15

When using criteria of causation,the criterion that asks if the disease or health problem associated with the exposure is the only one is

A)strength
B)specificity
C)temporality
D)consistency

Question 16

The number of years of healthy life expected,on average,in a given population is the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Question 17

An endemic disease is one that occurs regularly in a population as a matter of course.

Question 18

The average number of years a person from a specific cohort is projected to live from a given point in time is their life expectancy.

Question 19

People afflicted with a disease are referred to as cases.

Question 20

Notifiable disease information reported to local health departments is highly accurate.

Question 21

The national health survey that is a state-based telephone survey of the civilian,noninstitutional,adult population that seeks to ascertain the prevalence of high-risk behaviors is the

A)National Health Interview Survey
B)National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
C)Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
D)National Health Care Survey

Question 22

The number of events that occur in a given population in a given period of time is a

A)rate
B)case
C)pandemic
D)notifiable disease

Question 23

A study that seeks to compare those diagnosed with a disease with those who do not have the disease for prior exposure to specific risk factors is a

A)descriptive study
B)cohort study
C)experimental study
D)case/control study

Question 24

Studies that seek to describe the extent of disease in regard to person,time,and place are

A)descriptive studies
B)analytic studies
C)observational studies
D)case/control studies

Question 25

What questions are descriptive studies designed to answer?

Question 26

The practice of assigning subjects to treatments or control groups in a completely random manner is

A)randomization
B)blinding
C)double-blinding
D)cohorting

Question 27

Explain the differences between incidence rates and prevalence rates.

Question 28

The book,published annually,that is the standard summary of statistics on the social,political,and economic organization of the United States is

A)the U.S.Census
B)the Statistical Abstract of the United States
C)the New England Journal of Medicine
D)the National Health Interview Survey

Question 29

The national health survey that uses a mobile examination center and collects data through direct physical examinations,clinical and laboratory testing,and related procedures is the

A)National Health Interview Survey
B)National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
C)Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
D)National Health Care Survey

Question 30

Morbidity rates measure

A)birth
B)death
C)sickness
D)life expectancy

Question 31

List and describe the two types of analytic studies.

Question 32

What are the three ways the intent of the National Health Survey Act of 1956 are being fulfilled?

Question 33

How might data from the National Health Care Survey be used in public health?

Question 34

How might health workers use U.S.Census data?

Question 35

An outbreak of disease over a wide geographic region is a(n)

A)epidemic
B)pandemic
C)epizootic
D)endemic

Question 36

Explain why rates are important to epidemiologists.

Question 37

Describe how epidemiologists might determine where an outbreak occurred.

Question 38

The number of new and old cases of a disease in a population in a given period of time,divided by the total number in that population is the

A)incidence rate
B)attack rate
C)prevalence rate
D)crude rate

Question 39

Describe the process for reporting notifiable diseases from individuals to the CDC.

Question 40

Explain why one would use an age-adjusted rate.