Deck 24: Treatment of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke

Question 1

Which routes of administration can be used to administer heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin?

A)Intravenous (IV)and intramuscular (IM)
B)IV and subcutaneous (SQ)
C)SL and IM
D)IV and SL

Answer 1

IV and subcutaneous (SQ)

Question 2

Which of the following may be used to treat a heparin overdose?

A)Aspart protamine
B)Vitamin D
C)Vitamin K
D)Protamine sulfate

Answer 2

Protamine sulfate

Question 3

Why is it important to not confuse LMWH and heparin?

A)LMWH is more effective than heparin and therefore dosing is much different between LMWH and heparin.
B)LMWH is dosed less frequently than heparin and so confusing them could increase adverse effects.
C)Heparin has a higher bioavailability than LMWH and should therefore be dosed accordingly to reduce unwanted adverse effects.
D)LMWH are highly protein bound and should therefore not be confused.

Answer 3

LMWH is dosed less frequently than heparin and so confusing them could increase adverse effects.

Question 4

_____ is an orally administered anticoagulant that is used to prevent pulmonary embolism,thrombotic and embolic stroke,acute myocardial infarction (AMI),and atrial fibrillation.

A)Aspirin
B)Warfarin
C)Fragmin
D)Heparin

Question 5

Why would increasing high-density lipoproteins (HDL)levels be beneficial when treating atherosclerosis?

A)HDL acts as an antioxidant,reducing inflammation.
B)HDL carries unsaturated fats in the blood.
C)HDL increases low-density lipoprotein (LDL)oxidation.
D)HDL helps digest trans fats and carries them to the liver to be eliminated.

Question 6

Drugs that control the rate of clot formation and clot dissolution are classified as _____ and can prevent stroke and myocardial infarction.

A)anticoagulants
B)antithrombotics
C)antilipidemics
D)cardiolytics

Question 7

Which of the following may decrease the effectiveness of warfarin if consumed?

A)Spinach
B)Grapefruit juice
C)Black eyed peas
D)Basil

Question 8

An example of an anticoagulant that is manufactured from pig intestines and cow lungs is _____.

A)heparin
B)warfarin
C)enoxaparin
D)thrombin

Question 9

Which auxiliary warning label should pharmacy technicians attach to the prescription vial of warfarin when it is dispensed?

A)Causes fetal abnormalities
B)Avoid pregnancy
C)Do not use in the third trimester of pregnancy
D)Pregnancy Category X

Question 10

Warfarin works by interfering with the formation of vitamin ___-dependent clotting factors.

A)B₃
B)K
C)A
D)D

Question 11

How do thrombolytic drugs help dissolve clots?

A)Inhibit the production of clotting factors in the blood.
B)Reduce the effects of natural vitamins found in the body to help form clots.
C)Inhibit the production of thrombin.
D)Help increase the digestion of fibrin.

Question 12

Of the following risk factors for stroke and myocardial infarctions,which one promotes atherosclerosis,increases clotting factors in the blood,stimulates vasoconstriction,and weakens the endothelial wall?

A)Alcohol consumption
B)Diet
C)Smoking
D)Exercise

Question 13

Antiplatelet drugs produce their effect by _____.

A)interfering with steps in the clot formation process
B)increasing the formation of clots
C)dissolving blood clots
D)decreasing the number of red blood cells

Question 14

Antiplatelet drugs should not be combined with which of the following without medical supervision?

A)Antihypertensives
B)Anticoagulants
C)Antilipidemics
D)Antidepressants

Question 15

Which of the following are the only three thrombolytic agents currently in use?

A)Alteplase,streptokinase,and tenecteplase
B)Alteplase,streptokinase,and reteplase
C)Alteplase,tenecteplase,and reteplase
D)Urokinase,streptokinase,and reteplase

Question 16

After reconstitution,thrombolytic drugs should be stored in the refrigerator and used within ____ hours.

A)12
B)24
C)36
D)48

Question 17

Which of the following is not a mechanism of action for lipid lowering drugs in the treatment of hyperlipidemia?

A)They affect cholesterol synthesis.
B)They eliminate bile.
C)They act on the HDL mechanism.
D)They act on the LDL metabolism.

Question 18

_____ is triggered by atherosclerosis and can also cause clogged arteries.

A)Aneurysm
B)Arteriosclerosis
C)Atherothrombosis
D)Arteriofibrosis

Question 19

Which of the following will stop the final step of cholesterol synthesis?

A)Fenofibric acid
B)Rosuvastatin
C)Niacin
D)Colestipol

Question 20

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors work by blocking the final pathway of platelet aggregation and are the only _____ antiplatelet drugs.

A)transdermal
B)parenteral
C)enteral
D)intrathecal

Question 21

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.Most effective at increasing HDL
b.Promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.Most effective at lowering LDL
d.Increase clearance of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Nicotinic acid derivatives

Question 22

Match the following trade names with their generic names.
a.Fenofibrate
b.Enoxaparin
c.Simvastatin
d.Clopidogrel
e.Ezetimibe
Tricor

Question 23

Match the following trade names with their generic names.
a.Fenofibrate
b.Enoxaparin
c.Simvastatin
d.Clopidogrel
e.Ezetimibe
Zetia

Question 24

Match the following trade names with their generic names.
a.Fenofibrate
b.Enoxaparin
c.Simvastatin
d.Clopidogrel
e.Ezetimibe
Lovenox

Question 25

Match the following trade names with their generic names.
a.Fenofibrate
b.Enoxaparin
c.Simvastatin
d.Clopidogrel
e.Ezetimibe
Plavix

Question 26

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.Most effective at increasing HDL
b.Promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.Most effective at lowering LDL
d.Increase clearance of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors

Question 27

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.Most effective at increasing HDL
b.Promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.Most effective at lowering LDL
d.Increase clearance of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Fibric acid derivatives

Question 28

MATCHING
Match the following drugs with their mechanism of action.
a.Most effective at increasing HDL
b.Promote intestinal clearance of cholesterol
c.Most effective at lowering LDL
d.Increase clearance of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Bile acid sequestrants

Question 29

Match the following trade names with their generic names.
a.Fenofibrate
b.Enoxaparin
c.Simvastatin
d.Clopidogrel
e.Ezetimibe
Zocor

Question 30

When treating hyperlipidemia in a pregnant woman,which of the following may be prescribed?

A)Niacin
B)Cholestyramine
C)Simvastatin
D)Ezetimibe

Question 31

Which of the following is a fibric acid derivative?

A)Gemfibrozil
B)Colesevelam
C)Lovastatin
D)Cholestyramine