Deck 8: Treatment of Parkinsons Disease and Huntingtons Disease

Question 1

Which of the following populations are most susceptible to adverse reactions to antiparkinsonian drugs?

A)Those between ages 35 and 55
B)Those taking multiple drugs for Parkinson's disease
C)Those older than age 65
D)All populations that take antiparkinsonian drugs

Answer 1

Those older than age 65

Question 2

Why would the efficacy of levodopa decrease over time?

A)Long-term use of levodopa creates a tolerance to the drug,decreasing its efficacy.
B)Progressive desensitization of DA receptors requires an increased amount of DA to produce therapeutic effects.
C)The mechanism by which levodopa is metabolized eventually becomes compromised because its constant levels in the brain decrease its efficacy.
D)Levodopa eventually causes liver damage and is unable to be completely metabolized in the body decreasing its efficacy.

Answer 2

Progressive desensitization of DA receptors requires an increased amount of DA to produce therapeutic effects.

Question 3

Which of the following drugs can cause pseudoparkinsonism?

A)Benztropine
B)Pramipexole
C)Amantadine
D)Fluphenazine

Answer 3

Fluphenazine

Question 4

Huntington's disease is primarily treated with drugs that decrease excessive _____ activity.

A)cholinergic
B)AChE
C)dopaminergic
D)GABA enzyme

Question 5

After taking only the prescribed regimen of Sinemet (levodopa/carbidopa)for Parkinson's disease,Patient X has decided to discuss other drug treatment options with her physician to help lessen the excessive finger movements she has been experiencing.To help reduce the excessive finger movements,the physician may choose to _____.

A)add bromocriptine as an adjunct to the patient's current drug therapy
B)add trihexyphenidyl as an adjunct to the current drug therapy
C)add ropinirole as an adjunct to the current therapy
D)advise Patient X to avoid wine and other alcoholic beverages containing yeast

Question 6

Why should tyramine-containing foods be avoided by people taking MAOIs?

A)Tyramine contains the enzyme tyrosine,which inactivates DA,causing a severe drop in DA levels that results in hypertensive crisis.
B)Tyramine is necessary in the body to make MAO,so adding tyramine-containing foods is contraindicated.
C)The enzymes necessary to metabolize tyramine counteract the effects of MAO inhibitors (MAOIs)and essentially deactivate their effects.
D)Inhibition of MAO does not allow tyramine to be metabolized,resulting in stored DA to be released and potentially causing hypertensive crisis.

Question 7

What is the main difference between Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease?

A)Parkinson's disease is hereditary and Huntington's disease is not.
B)Parkinson's disease additionally affects cognitive function,whereas Huntington's disease only affects muscle movements.
C)Parkinson's disease increases DA activity and Huntington's disease decreases DA activity.
D)Parkinson's disease causes immobility and Huntington's disease produces excessive abnormal movement.

Question 8

_____ can be administered to lessen drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms.

A)Anticholinergics
B)Dopaminergics
C)DA antagonists
D)Cholinergics

Question 9

Exposure to _____ is an associated environmental cause in the development of Parkinson's disease.

A)syphilis
B)byproducts of illegally synthesized drugs
C)pesticides
D)chromosome 4 gene

Question 10

Average onset of Parkinson's disease is _____ years.

A)20
B)40
C)60
D)80

Question 11

_____ is a progressive disorder of the nervous system involving degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia and nigrostriatal pathways in the brain.

A)Alzheimer's disease
B)Parkinson's disease
C)Schizophrenia
D)Huntington's disease

Question 12

Parkinson's disease is treated by all of the following except _____.

A)pharmacotherapy
B)daily exercise
C)electroshock therapy to induce DA production
D)speech therapy

Question 13

Why would adding carbidopa to levodopa increase levodopa bioavailability?

A)The adjuvant inhibits the production of acetylcholinesterase (AChE),which metabolizes levodopa in the body.
B)Monoamine oxidase (MAO)is able to metabolize levodopa faster than the levodopa can be absorbed by the body,and the adjuvant helps slow down this process.
C)The adjuvant inhibits decarboxylase,which metabolizes levodopa in the GI tract and peripheral tissues.
D)COMT metabolizes levodopa in the GI tract faster than the levodopa can be absorbed by the body,and the adjuvant inhibits the production of COMT.

Question 14

Why would Levodopa be administered instead of oral DA to help treat Parkinson's disease?

A)Bioavailability of oral DA is limited because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier.
B)DA would be rapidly metabolized by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)in the gastrointestinal (GI)tract,reducing bioavailability.
C)Levodopa causes less adverse effects than oral DA would.
D)Levodopa and oral DA are typically prescribed equally to treat Parkinson's disease.

Question 15

Symptoms of Parkinson's disease are a result of an imbalance between _____ and _____.

A)GABA,DA
B)DA,5-HT
C)ACh,DA
D)GABA,ACh

Question 16

Which of the following is a precursor to DA?

A)Carbidopa
B)Acetylcholine
C)Norepinephrine
D)Levodopa

Question 17

What is thought to be a rare cause of Parkinson's disease in person's under 40 years old?

A)Inheritance of the chromosome 4 gene
B)Use of illegal synthesized drugs
C)Exposure to pesticides
D)Contraction of syphilis

Question 18

Which of the following is not a strategy for the treatment of Parkinson's disease?

A)Restoration of the balance between DA and ACh
B)Promotion of the release of DA stores
C)Administration of cholinergics to decrease ACh levels
D)Inhibition of DA degradation

Question 19

While taking Selegiline,which of the following food/beverage should be avoided?

A)Yogurt
B)Grapefruit juice
C)Cottage cheese
D)Oranges

Question 20

Which of the following is not a common side effect of drugs used to treat Parkinson's disease?

A)GI distress
B)Hallucinations
C)Tachycardia
D)Hypertension

Question 21

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic names.
a.Ropinirole
b.Selegiline
c.Tolcapone
d.Pramipexole
e.Bromocriptine
Tasmar

Question 22

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic names.
a.Ropinirole
b.Selegiline
c.Tolcapone
d.Pramipexole
e.Bromocriptine
Mirapex

Question 23

Which of the following would be used to reduce cholinergic activity?

A)Entacapone
B)Bromocriptine
C)Ropinirole
D)Trihexyphenidyl

Question 24

Which of the following would be used to increase DA levels?

A)Tetrabenazine
B)Amantadine
C)Benztropine
D)Haloperidol

Question 25

Which of the following would be used to treat Huntington's disease?

A)Benztropine
B)Selegiline
C)Haloperidol
D)Pramipexole

Question 26

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic names.
a.Ropinirole
b.Selegiline
c.Tolcapone
d.Pramipexole
e.Bromocriptine
Parlodel

Question 27

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic names.
a.Ropinirole
b.Selegiline
c.Tolcapone
d.Pramipexole
e.Bromocriptine
Eldepryl

Question 28

MATCHING
Match the following trade and generic names.
a.Ropinirole
b.Selegiline
c.Tolcapone
d.Pramipexole
e.Bromocriptine
Requip

Question 29

Which of the following would be used to block acetylcholine receptors?

A)Trihexyphenidyl
B)Rasagiline
C)Tolcapone
D)Rotigotine

Question 30

Which of the following would be used to enhance DA activity?

A)Carbidopa
B)Haloperidol
C)Tetrabenazine
D)Trihexyphenidyl

Question 31

Which of the following would be used to block DA receptors?

A)Benztropine
B)Selegiline
C)Haloperidol
D)Pramipexole