Deck 12: Spread of Infection

Question 1

Which of the following signs OR symptoms CANNOT be used to describe cellulitis of the face and neck?

A)Pain
B)Tenderness
C)Redness
D)Systemic infection

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Evaluation of lymph node involvement can BEST determine which of the following?

A)Healing level of patient
B)Etiology of infection
C)Age of the patient
D)Regional involvement

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following is KEY to preventing complications with odontogenic infections in patients?

A)Sterilizing instruments
B)Covering hard operatory surfaces
C)Using mouthwashes
D)Early diagnosis and treatment

Answer 3

D

Question 4

An infected thrombus can dislodge from the inner blood vessel wall and travel as an embolus.Emboli can travel in the veins,draining the oral cavity into areas such as the dural venous sinuses within the oral cavity.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)The first statement is true;the second is false.
D)The first statement is false;the second is true.

Question 5

Which of the following signs and symptoms CANNOT be used to describe cavernous sinus thrombosis?

A)Fever
B)Drowsiness
C)Bradycardia
D)Rapid pulse

Question 6

Which of the following terms BEST describes the infectious process created by indigenous regional microorganisms because the body's defenses are compromised?

A)Resident microbiota
B)Suppuration
C)Opportunistic infection
D)Perforation

Question 7

Which of the following disease states may be involved in an odontogenic infection that has an inflammation of the bone marrow?

A)Osteomyelitis
B)Paresthesia
C)Cellulitis
D)Meningitis
E)NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 8

A dental professional SHOULD understand the infectious process that allows microorganisms to create disease.Certain nonresident microorganisms can invade and initiate an infection.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)The first statement is true;the second is false.
D)The first statement is false;the second is true.

Question 9

Which of the following terms is BEST used to describe an infection with suppuration resulting from the entrapment of pathogens in a contained space?

A)Cellulitis
B)Abscess
C)Fistula
D)Embolus

Question 10

Which of the following complications can result from untreated cellulitis?

A)Bell palsy
B)Ludwig angina
C)Trigeminal neuralgia
D)Transient facial paralysis

Question 11

Which of the following infections initially and DIRECTLY involves teeth and associated tissue?

A)Odontogenic infection
B)Lymphadenitis
C)Endophthalmitis
D)Otitis media

Question 12

The loss of which of the following is noted during an examination of a patient with abducens nerve paralysis?

A)Hearing
B)Smelling sensation
C)Eyeball movement
D)Tongue movement

Question 13

Which of the following disease states can DIRECTLY cause a periapical abscess?

A)Periodontal disease
B)Chronic gingivitis
C)Progressive caries
D)Dentigerous cyst formation

Question 14

From what case histories do MOST odontogenic infections in patients result from?

A)Dermatologic infections
B)Upper respiratory infection
C)Dental biofilm (dental plaque)
D)Sinusitis

Question 15

Which of the following symptoms is NOT related to an infection of the paranasal sinuses that resulted from a direct spread of infection from the teeth and associated oral tissue?

A)Headache
B)Pharyngeal discharge
C)Hypothermia
D)Tenderness

Question 16

Osteomyelitis MOST often occurs in the mandible BECAUSE of the mandible's thicker cortical plates and reduced vascularization.

A)Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C)The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT.
D)The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E)NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 17

When a patient complains of burning and prickling in the mandible,more than likely he or she has a condition known as Ludwig angina BECAUSE an infection from the entrapment of pathogens or resident microbiota with suppuration has become encased in that area.

A)Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C)The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT.
D)The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.

Question 18

Which of the following disease states can DIRECTLY cause the spread of odontogenic infections by way of the vascular system?

A)Fistula
B)Bacteremia
C)Pustule
D)Abscess

Question 19

Upon intraoral examination of a patient's palate,you notice the presence of an abscess.Which teeth can be involved with the clinical presentation of this abscess?

A)Maxillary molars: buccal surface and buccal roots
B)Maxillary lateral incisors: lingual surfaces and roots;maxillary premolars: lingual surfaces and roots;and maxillary molars: lingual surfaces and roots
C)Maxillary anterior teeth: all surfaces and roots;maxillary posterior teeth: buccal surfaces and roots
D)Maxillary molars: buccal surfaces and buccal roots;mandibular first and second molars: buccal surfaces and buccal roots

Question 20

Early detection of an abscess is imperative in order to avoid destruction of dental tissue.Early detection of an abscess is BEST accomplished with the use of dental radiographs.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)The first statement is true;the second is false.
D)The first statement is false;the second is true.

Question 21

From the following list,select which treatments are usually administered with the acute medical emergency of Ludwig angina.(Select all that apply. )

A)Removal of tonsils
B)Cricothyrotomy
C)Puncture of tympanic membrane
D)Immediate hospitalization

Question 22

From the following list,select those that can be involved in the spread of odontogenic infections.(Select all that apply. )

A)Vascular system
B)Paranasal sinuses
C)Fascial spaces
D)Lymphatics

Question 23

Place the following in the CORRECT order of occurrence when untreated Ludwig angina becomes involved with edema of the larynx.

A)Asphyxiation
C)Complete respiratory obstruction
D)Death

Question 24

Using an antiseptic oral rinse before treatment,a rubber dam,or an antimicrobial-laced external water supply during treatment when ultrasonics or irrigators are used may be of help in preventing the spread of infection.

A)Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C)The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT.
D)The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E)NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 25

From the following list of factors,select those that involve bacteremia and its complications.(Select all that apply. )

A)Lodging of bacteria in compromised tissue
B)Need for psychologic premedication
C)Low risk of infective endocarditis
D)High risk of serious heart infection

Question 26

A thorough medical history with periodic updates will allow the dental professional to perform effective treatment of medically compromised patients and avoid serious complications due to dental diseases.These patients may require antibiotic premedication before dental treatment or other changes in the dental treatment plan so as to prevent serious sequelae.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)The first statement is true;the second is false.
D)The first statement is false;the second is true.
E)NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 27

From the following list of case histories of dental patients,select those that have a high risk of opportunistic infections.(Select all that apply. )

A)Human immunodeficiency virus infection
B)Uncontrolled diabetes
C)Cancer therapy
D)Transplant therapy

Question 28

Since the apices of the mandibular second and third molars are inferior to the mylohyoid muscle,an infection here will MOST likely spread directly to the sublingual space.

A)Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B)Both the statement and the reason are correct but NOT related.
C)The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT.
D)The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.

Question 29

Why does abducens nerve paralysis possibly become fatal in a dental patient?

A)Damage only to the sixth cranial nerve
B)Edema of the larynx occurs
C)May lead to meningitis
D)Only because diplopia occurs

Question 30

From the following list of fascial spaces,select those that can be DIRECTLY involved in the spread of infection concerning Ludwig angina.(Select all that apply. )

A)Infratemporal space
B)Retropharyngeal space
C)Parapharyngeal space
D)Submandibular space

Question 31

What recent procedure performed in the community has increased the cases of Ludwig angina?

A)Tongue piercing
B)Tooth jewelry
C)Ear piercing
D)Laser hair removal

Question 32

From the following list of dental setting procedures,select those that might serve as precautions when undertaken to prevent the spread of an odontogenic infection in a patient.(Select all that apply. )

A)Adhering to standard infection control measures
B)Removing heavy dental biofilm (dental plaque)
C)Avoiding contamination of oral surgery sites
D)Using antimicrobial rinse or rubber dam

Question 33

From the following list,select those that describe components that may be involved as infection resistance factors in the oral cavity.

A)Gram-positive aerobic bacteria
B)Beta-lactamase enzyme production
C)Penicillin-susceptible pathogens
D)Lipase enzyme production

Question 34

Which of the following factors is important in the spread of odontogenic infections from their involvement with gram-negative anaerobic bacteria?

A)Adaption to wet environment
B)Increased metabolism
C)Beta-lactamase enzyme
D)Thicker cell walls

Question 35

From the following list,select which are the imaging modalities of choice in the evaluation of the patient with a deep tissue cervical infection.

A)Ultrasound imaging
B)Full mouth radiographs
C)Panoramic radiograph
D)Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan