Deck 37: Neurosurgery of the Brain and Peripheral Nerves

Question 1

Which is one of the folds of the dura mater?

A) Gray matter
B) Falx cerebri
C) Cerebral mater
D) Corpus callosum

Answer 1

B
The dura is arranged in three large folds: the falx cerebri,which covers the hemispheres;the falx cerebelli,which separates the lobes of the cerebellum;and the tentorium cerebelli,which supports the temporal and occipital lobes.The tentorium is a surgical landmark denoting supratentorial structures and infratentorial structures,such as the brainstem and cerebellum.

Question 2

Which statement is true regarding intracranial pressure (ICP)?

A) Increased ICP allows increased cerebral cortex perfusion.
B) A normal adult ICP reading is from 5 to 8 mm Hg.
C) Manual blood pressure readings determine accurate ICP readings.
D) A ventricular catheter is the most accurate method of monitoring ICP.

Answer 2

D
ICP rises with an increase in volume of the brain,cerebrospinal fluid (CSF),and/or cerebral blood supply or with decompensation.In adults,normal ICP ranges from 10 to 20 mm Hg.When an abnormal elevation is sustained,ICP prevents adequate perfusion of the cerebral cortex.ICP monitoring is accomplished by implanting a ventricular catheter,subarachnoid screw,or epidural sensor.Insertion of a ventricular catheter is an invasive procedure but the most accurate method of ICP monitoring.

Question 3

Which is one of the most common brain tumors?

A) Basal cell sarcoma
B) Glioblastoma multiforme
C) Subdural hematoma
D) Cranioglioma

Answer 3

B
Glioblastoma multiforme,accounting for 50% of all brain tumors,is the most malignant type.This has a proliferation of fast-growing cells.

Question 4

Mannitol is given to increase intracranial pressure (ICP)in patients with intracranial hemorrhage.

Question 5

What type of diagnostic is used with three-dimensional brain mapping?

A) MRI
B) CT
C) Digital holography
D) PET

Question 6

An opening in the skull made to expose the brain and its intracranial structures is a:

A) craniorrhaphy.
B) craniopexy.
C) cranioplasty.
D) craniotomy.

Question 7

Which type of subdural hematoma is caused by arterial bleeding?

A) Chronic
B) Acute
C) Subacute
D) Intracerebral

Question 8

Which procedure relieves the pain of trigeminal neuralgia,or tic douloureux?

A) A stereotaxy procedure
B) A radiofrequency retrogasserian rhizotomy
C) Stereotactic depth reimplantation
D) Thalamotomy

Question 9

What procedure is performed to suture a divided nerve?

A) Neurolysis
B) Neurectomy
C) Neurexeresis
D) Neurorrhaphy

Question 10

Which is a reason for performing a thalamotomy?

A) To increase vision
B) To control hyperthermia
C) To relieve seizure activity
D) To repair a neural defect

Question 11

A corpus callosotomy is performed to prevent secondary generalized seizures a patient may have.

Question 12

An acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor of the ____ cranial nerve.

A) 4th
B) 11th
C) 9th
D) 8th

Question 13

What type of intracranial tumor develops in the cerebrum in young adults and is the most common brain tumor?

A) Medulloblastoma
B) Neurilemoma
C) Astrocytoma grades 1 and 2
D) Astrocytoma grades 3 and 4

Question 14

Which part of the brain is composed of gray matter?

A) Brainstem
B) Inner tissue
C) Outer cerebral cortex
D) Circle of Willis

Question 15

Areas of bone in the skull can be replaced with which of the following materials?

A) Sliastic sponge
B) Tissue sling
C) Prolene mesh
D) Sterile polymethyl methacrylate

Question 16

Which is a method of occluding an aneurysm and controlling bleeding?

A) Monopolar electrosurgery
B) Vicryl suture material
C) Methyl methacrylate
D) Prolene ties

Question 17

Which is a potential risk of placing a patient in a semi-Fowler's position?

A) Hearing loss
B) Air embolism
C) Urinary retention
D) Hypercapnia

Question 18

Which is one reason cerebral revascularizations are primarily performed?

A) To close a dural defect
B) To prophylactically prevent development of a major brain attack
C) To create a fistula
D) To decompress the subdura

Question 19

A galea is defined as:

A) a tough,highly vascular tissue over the cranium.
B) the skin layer over vessels and muscles in the brain.
C) lining of the cranium and spinal cord.
D) the circulating fluid that helps to bathe the brain.

Question 20

Which is a layer of the meninges?

A) Cerebral mater
B) Frontal mater
C) Dura mater
D) Temporal mater

Question 21

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
a.Subdural hematoma
b.Cerebral edema
c.Epilepsy
d.Intractable pain
e.Trigeminal neuralgia
f.Arteriovenous malformation
Abnormal vascular communication

Question 22

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
a.Subdural hematoma
b.Cerebral edema
c.Epilepsy
d.Intractable pain
e.Trigeminal neuralgia
f.Arteriovenous malformation
Pain not relieved by conventional treatment

Question 23

Which is a measure taken during a craniotomy to decrease blood loss?

A) Hyperthermia
B) Lithotomy position
C) Neuroradiology
D) Controlled hypotension

Question 24

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
a.Subdural hematoma
b.Cerebral edema
c.Epilepsy
d.Intractable pain
e.Trigeminal neuralgia
f.Arteriovenous malformation
Tic douloureux

Question 25

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
a.Subdural hematoma
b.Cerebral edema
c.Epilepsy
d.Intractable pain
e.Trigeminal neuralgia
f.Arteriovenous malformation
Brain swelling

Question 26

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
a.Subdural hematoma
b.Cerebral edema
c.Epilepsy
d.Intractable pain
e.Trigeminal neuralgia
f.Arteriovenous malformation
Electrical impulse-induced seizure

Question 27

MATCHING
Match each condition with its definition.
a.Subdural hematoma
b.Cerebral edema
c.Epilepsy
d.Intractable pain
e.Trigeminal neuralgia
f.Arteriovenous malformation
Bleeding between the dura and arachnoid