Deck 43: Cardiac Surgery

Question 1

What component of the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)machine regulates body temperature?

A) Pump
B) Oxygenator
C) Heat exchanger
D) Perfusion fluid

Answer 1

C
The heat exchanger,which is incorporated in the CPB circuit,regulates the body temperature using water that is circulating through the exchanger.

Question 2

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Cold treatment to treat dysrhythmias

Answer 2

F

Question 3

Which autologous vessel has the best long-term patency rate when used as a graft in a coronary artery bypass graft procedure?

A) Saphenous vein
B) Radial artery
C) Internal mammary artery
D) Popliteal vein

Answer 3

C
An arterial conduit is preferred,especially the internal mammary artery because of its long-term patency rate.

Question 4

The intraaortic balloon pump (IABP)helps to increase coronary artery pressures and increase cardiac output.

Question 5

What condition is associated with causing a thromboembolism in a patient with cardiac valvular disease?

A) Atrial fibrillation
B) Enlarged aortic arch
C) Median sternotomy
D) Post-pump psychosis

Question 6

Which type of cardiac procedure uses a carbon dioxide and saline mister-blower for enhancing vision throughout the case?

A) Coronary artery bypass graft case using CPB
B) Mitral valve replacement
C) Off-pump coronary artery bypass graft
D) Maze procedure

Question 7

Which is a benefit of hypothermia during an intracardiac or coronary artery procedure?

A) Increased need for oxygen
B) Decreased surgical operating costs
C) Increased cellular metabolism
D) Decreased systemic metabolic needs

Question 8

Where does the impulse for cardiac contraction originate?

A) Superior vena cava
B) Inferior vena cava
C) Sinoatrial (SA)node
D) Vagus nerve

Question 9

Which type of valve consists of the pulmonary valve and aortic valve?

A) Atrioventricular
B) Tricuspid
C) Mitral
D) Semilunar

Question 10

Which type of incision is used when entering either side of the sternum for a minimally invasive cardiac procedure?

A) Median sternotomy
B) Anterolateral thoracotomy
C) Transsternal bilateral thoracotomy
D) Paramedian thoracotomy

Question 11

Elevated levels of potassium help protect the heart and assist in improved cardiac function.

Question 12

A patient with a pacemaker should not have a procedure that uses an electrosurgical unit (ESU).

Question 13

What type of procedure involves the patient being in a supine position and an incision made to the left or right of the sternum?

A) Median sternotomy
B) Transsternal bilateral thoracotomy
C) Paramedian thoracotomy
D) Bimedian thoracotomy

Question 14

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Repair of dilation of the ventricular wall

Question 15

Which is an invasive diagnostic procedure used to assess the cardiovascular or circulatory system?

A) Chest radiograph
B) Angiography
C) Pulmonary function test
D) Stress test

Question 16

Which type of procedure assists in controlling a cardiac dysrhythmia by making many small incisions within the atria?

A) Maze procedure
B) Cryoablation
C) Dor procedure
D) Endocardial decannulation

Question 17

Which type of procedure involves the balloon dilation of the coronary arteries to open and increase blood flow?

A) Coronary artery endarterectomy
B) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
C) Intracoronary stent placement
D) Modified endoventricular circularplasty

Question 18

Which type of valve procedure uses an annuloplasty ring to improve the valve function?

A) Valve replacement
B) Valvuloplasty procedure
C) Cryoablation
D) Dor procedure

Question 19

Which is a piece of equipment that every cardiac OR should contain?

A) MRI
B) Defibrillator
C) Argon beam coagulator
D) Video tower console

Question 20

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Resuscitative oxygenation in cardiopulmonary failure

Question 21

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Removal of plaque from the arterial wall

Question 22

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Revascularizes the myocardium

Question 23

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Provides structural support for coronary arteries

Question 24

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Assists ventricular function

Question 25

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Vaporizes plaque or thrombus

Question 26

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Treatment for end-stage myocardial disease

Question 27

MATCHING
Match each procedure with its definition.
a.Endarterectomy
b.Laser angioplasty
c.Intraaortic balloon pump
d.Intracoronary stent
e.Extracorporeal oxygenation
f.Cryoablation
g.Ventricular aneurysmectomy
h.AbioCor
i.Transmyocardial revascularization
j.Cardiac transplantation
Implantable artificial heart