Deck 6: Lipids

Question 1

Which list contains only omega-6 fatty acids?

A)EPA,DHA,linoleic acid
B)EPA,DHA,alpha-linolenic acid
C)linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid
D)EPA,DHA,arachidonic acid
E)arachidonic acid and linoleic acid

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which food combination does NOT contain cholesterol?

A)cheese and macaroni
B)cereal and milk
C)fish and French fries
D)ice cream sundae topped with nuts
E)peanut butter and jelly sandwich
Answers: E

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Which correctly lists the lipoproteins from the least to most dense?

A)HDL,LDL,VLDL,chylomicron
B)chylomicron,VLDL,LDL,HDL
C)VLDL,LDL,chylomicron,HDL
D)VLDL,LDL,HDL,chylomicron
E)HDL,chylomicron,VLDL,LDL

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which are direct precursors of eicosanoids?

A)alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid
B)arachidonic acid and EPA
C)arachidonic acid and DHA
D)linoleic acid and arachidonic acid
E)EPA and DHA

Question 5

According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDRs)how many calories should come from lipids for a person on a 2,000 kcal a day diet?

A)100-200 kcal
B)200-400 kcal
C)400-600 kcal
D)400-700 kcal
E)600-800 kcal

Question 6

Which lipoprotein(s)transports dietary lipids from the intestine?

A)HDL and LDL
B)LDL
C)HDL
D)chylomicron
E)chylomicron,LDL,and HDL

Question 7

Which oil provides the most alpha-linolenic acid?

A)fish oil
B)corn oil
C)olive oil
D)flaxseed oil
E)coconut oil

Question 8

Which oil provides the most monounsaturated fatty acids?

A)fish oil
B)corn oil
C)olive oil
D)flaxseed oil
E)coconut oil

Question 9

Which list contains only omega-3 fatty acids?

A)EPA,DHA,linoleic acid
B)EPA,DHA,alpha-linolenic acid
C)linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid
D)EPA,DHA,arachidonic acid
E)arachidonic acid and linoleic acid

Question 10

Which oil provides the most EPA?

A)fish oil
B)corn oil
C)olive oil
D)flaxseed oil
E)coconut oil

Question 11

Omega-3 fatty acid indicates this fatty acid

A)has 3 double bonds.
B)has a chain length of 3 carbons.
C)has the first double bond at the third carbon from the methyl group.
D)has the first double bond at the third carbon from the carboxyl group.
E)has a total of 3 methyl groups.

Question 12

Which of the food lists would you expect to contain the most phospholipids?

A)milk and eggs
B)bread and lunch meats
C)cakes and frozen fries
D)salad dressing and mayonnaise
E)olive oil and avocados

Question 13

What would you suggest to an individual who had their gallbladder removed?

A)reduce their intake of dairy
B)reduce their intake of omega-3 fatty acids
C)take fish oil supplements to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency
D)reduce their total fat intake
E)all of the above

Question 14

Which oil provides the most linoleic acid?

A)fish oil
B)corn oil
C)olive oil
D)flaxseed oil
E)coconut oil

Question 15

Which transports digested lipids and bile across digestive fluids to the surface of mucosal cells?

A)VLDLs
B)LDLs
C)HDLs
D)micelles
E)chylomicrons

Question 16

Which are the essential fatty acids?

A)alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid
B)arachidonic acid and EPA
C)arachidonic acid and DHA
D)linoleic acid and arachidonic acid
E)EPA and DHA

Question 17

You are purchasing a spread and want to avoid trans fatty acids.Which would you avoid since it is the most likely to contain trans fatty acids?

A)mayonnaise
B)butter
C)fully hydrogenated vegetable oil
D)partially hydrogenated vegetable oil
E)olive oil

Question 18

Which of these food lists would you expect to contain the most trans fatty acids?

A)milk and eggs
B)bread and lunch meats
C)baked pastries and cake
D)based poultry and French fries
E)olive oil salad dressing and sliced avocados

Question 19

Which oil provides the most saturated fatty acids?

A)fish oil
B)corn oil
C)olive oil
D)flaxseed oil
E)coconut oil

Question 20

Which list contains all major categories of dietary lipids?

A)triglyceride,phospholipid,fatty acids,sterol
B)triglyceride,phospholipids,bile acids,sterol
C)triglyceride,phospholipids,cholesterol,lipoproteins
D)triglycerides,cholesterol,HDL,LDL
E)chylomicrons,HDL,LDL,VLDL

Question 21

Which is a precursor of bile acids?

A)triglycerides
B)cholesterol
C)phospholipids in the gallbladder
D)pancreatic lipase
E)lecithin

Question 22

Which does not contribute to triglyceride digestion?

A)lipase activity in the mouth
B)lipase activity in the stomach
C)pancreatic lipase activity in the small intestine
D)bile acids
E)lipase activity in the large intestine

Question 23

Which is(are)NOT a primary source of linolenic acid in the American diet?

A)cooking oils
B)fish and other seafood
C)salad dressing
D)nuts and seeds
E)poultry and eggs

Question 24

Linoleic acid can be metabolized in the body

A)into EPA,DHA,and eicosanoids.
B)to be stored as cholesterol.
C)into arachidonic acid and eicosanoids.
D)into long-chain omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
E)into bile acids to be stored in the gallbladder.

Question 25

Which is NOT a function of eicosanoids?

A)inflammation
B)lipid digestion
C)blood pressure
D)pain
E)blood clotting

Question 26

In the small intestines triglycerides are absorbed as

A)triglycerides.
B)micelles and chylomicrons.
C)LDL and HDL.
D)eicosanoids.
E)monoglycerides and free fatty acids.

Question 27

Which product can claim 0 g trans fatty acids?

A)crackers with 1 g per serving
B)French fries with 0.5 g per serving
C)frozen dinner with 5 g per serving
D)doughnut with 2 g per serving
E)potato chips with 0.2 g per serving

Question 28

When fully hydrogenated,a product should have

A)0 trans fatty acids.
B)0 saturated fatty acids.
C)< 0.5 g per serving trans fatty acids.
D)< 0.5 g per serving saturated fatty acids.
E)50:50 ratio of trans fatty acids to saturated fatty acids.

Question 29

Which lipid source contains the most short and medium fatty acids?

A)olive oil
B)dairy products
C)soybean oil
D)coconut oil
E)whale and seal blubber

Question 30

Which fatty acid would be the most unstable or least resistant to rancidity?

A)olive oil
B)coconut oil
C)fully hydrogenated soybean oil
D)partially hydrogenated soybean oil
E)fish oil

Question 31

What is the minimum amount of fat in grams needed in a 2,000-calorie diet to meet the AMDR recommendations for fat intake?

Question 32

Which food contains the highest amount of lipid per gram?

A)fatty fish
B)red meat
C)nuts and seeds
D)vegetable oil
E)peanut butter

Question 33

During digestion,_____ lipids.

A)lipase produced in the mouth emulsifies
B)lipase produced in the stomach emulsifies
C)acidity in the stomach emulsifies
D)pancreatic lipase emulsifies
E)bile acids emulsify

Question 34

Which does not play a role transporting lipids in the body?

A)micelle
B)fat globule
C)chylomicron
D)LDL
E)VLDL

Question 35

Which is the most consumed polyunsaturated fatty acid in the American diet?

A)linoleic acid
B)alpha-linolenic acid
C)DHA
D)arachidonic acid
E)trans fatty acids

Question 36

Alpha-linolenic acid can be metabolized in the body

A)into EPA,DHA,and eicosanoids.
B)to be stored as cholesterol.
C)into arachidonic acid and eicosanoids.
D)into long-chain omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
E)into bile acids to be stored in the gallbladder.

Question 37

Which is NOT a lipid?

A)stanol
B)olestra
C)lecithin
D)linoleic acid
E)arachidonic acid

Question 38

Which transport lipid has the highest protein content?

A)VLDL
B)LDL
C)HDL
D)micelle
E)chylomicron

Question 39

According to the AMDR,what is the maximum amount of fat in grams recommended for a 2,000-calorie diet?

Question 40

Which statement about Americans consumption of fat is NOT true?

A)saturated fat intake has decreased
B)meat and dairy intake has decreased
C)total amount of fat has decreased
D)intake of high-fat snack foods and baked goods has decreased
E)percentage of calories from fat has decreased

Question 41

Describe the functions of phospholipids in the body and explain how their unique chemical structure contributes to these functions.

Question 42

What are the potential negative health consequences of eating too little fat in the diet? Eating too much fat?

Question 43

The public is confused or lacks awareness that not all fats are bad.To clarify,name some food sources of healthy fats and explain why increasing their intake can be beneficial.Name some food sources of unhealthy fats and explain why increasing their intake can be detrimental to health.

Question 44

Describe some of the advantages and disadvantages of the hydrogenation of oils.

Question 45

Describe the structural difference between triglycerides and phospholipids.

Question 46

Suggest how you can lower the fat content of (or choose an alternative for): (1)whole fat milk;(2)baked potato with butter and sour cream topping;(3)pork chop.

Question 47

How does Olestra lower caloric intake?

Question 48

Summarize the important findings from Dyerberg's study on Greenland Inuits.Based on the study findings,provide your suggestions for which fats should be included and which fats should be decreased in the diet in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Question 49

What are the negative health consequences of too little cholesterol in the body? Too much cholesterol?

Question 50

Why are trans fatty acids considered the unhealthiest type of fat?

Question 51

What are some safety issues with high Olestra intake?