Deck 21: International Institutions and the Search for Peace

Question 1

After September 11, 2001, President Bush followed a policy in which the United States would attack terrorists wherever they are before they commit terrorist acts. This is a policy of:

A) The United Nations.
B) defeatism.
C) appeasement.
D) preemption.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The first comprehensive approach to the problem of war by a group of states was the:

A) Organization of American States.
B) League of Nations.
C) North Atlantic Treaty Organization.
D) Warsaw Pact.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

All of the following countries are permanent members of the UN Security Council EXCEPT:

A) the United Kingdom.
B) Germany.
C) Russia.
D) the United States.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The United States withdrew from the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) because the organization was:

A) too much in favor of free markets and individual human rights.
B) too expensive.
C) over-funded.
D) hostile toward the institutions of a free society.

Question 5

The nineteenth century military strategist who argued that "war is merely a continuation of politics by other means" was:

A) Otto von Bismark.
B) Karl von Clausewitz.
C) Napoleon.
D) Frederick the Great.

Question 6

The practice of having treaties registered and published by the UN Secretariat is designed to:

A) create an historical archive.
B) justify the existence of the Secretariat.
C) reduce the chances of secret agreements existing.
D) make the reasons for war more obvious.

Question 7

In imposing sanctions, the UN is limited because:

A) member states retain their sovereignty.
B) the UN is a superstate.
C) the power of the world is not concentrated in a few states.
D) it can force states to accept its decisions in all cases.

Question 8

The UN's International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has supervisory power over:

A) all of the world's nuclear weapons.
B) every nation using nuclear energy.
C) all physics projects.
D) the Treaty on Nonproliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).

Question 9

The most powerful organ of the United Nations, responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security, is the:

A) General Assembly.
B) Secretariat.
C) Security Council.
D) World Health Organization.

Question 10

The breakup of the Soviet Union has been marked by:

A) political instability in some nations.
B) smooth economic transitions.
C) greater security for all nations.
D) less danger of war.

Question 11

The usefulness of international law in the maintenance of order and peace has always been:

A) enormous during wars.
B) greatly overestimated in times of peace.
C) very strong in punishing violators.
D) limited.

Question 12

In 2011, the U.S. contribution or assessment toward paying for the United Nation's budget was about:

A) 22 percent.
B) 35 percent.
C) 15 percent.
D) 9 percent.

Question 13

All of the following are coercive measures which the UN can take against the state that is to blame for a threat to peace, breach of peace, or act of aggression, EXCEPT:

A) severance of diplomatic relations.
B) the complete or partial interruption of economic relations with the dissident state.
C) terrorism.
D) the use of armed forces.

Question 14

The UN military sanction in its peacekeeping efforts is supposed to be the:

A) first option.
B) second plan if diplomacy fails.
C) final recourse.
D) threat which is never used.

Question 15

War making in humans is believed to depend on:

A) acquired attitudes, beliefs, and points of view.
B) inherent nature.
C) anger and other primary emotions.
D) monetary resources.

Question 16

Throughout the history of the nation-state, diplomacy has:

A) proven useless when compared with war.
B) never been tried to prevent wars.
C) done much to avoid war.
D) never helped even once to avoid a war.

Question 17

In Africa, governments have generally been:

A) democracies.
B) monarchies.
C) dictatorships.
D) autocracies.

Question 18

In light of the U.S.'s difficulties in controlling the events in Iraq, what 2 nations have seized this opportunity to stand against U.S. demands?

A) Iran and North Korea
B) Israel and Palestine
C) Canada and Mexico
D) China and Japan

Question 19

On the international level, reasonable discussion is called:

A) negotiation.
B) verbal discretion.
C) diplomacy.
D) a pacifistic address.

Question 20

The founder of modern international law was:

A) Hugo Grotius.
B) William Penn.
C) Immanuel Kant.
D) Voltaire.

Question 21

Between 1922 and 1939, the Jewish population in Palestine (now Israel) rose from 84,000 to:

A) 96,000.
B) 234,000.
C) 445,000.
D) 667,000.

Question 22

Identifying forces that tend to bring about war is easier than explaining or evaluating them.

Question 23

The Secretariat is the legislative arm of the UN.

Question 24

Middle Eastern politics are complicated by:

A) the United States not supporting Israel.
B) Iran's stance on women's rights.
C) China's sanctions against Iran.
D) internal tensions among different sects of Islam.

Question 25

In 1979, Egypt and Israel agreed to a peace treaty and Israel withdrew from:

A) all of the Golan.
B) the West Bank.
C) the Sinai Peninsula.
D) the Jordan Valley.

Question 26

The power vacuum created by the breakup of the Soviet Union improves the conditions for peace.

Question 27

In the late 1980s, changes in the former Soviet Union and China made agreement in the Security Council less likely.

Question 28

The system of international law rules on the rights and duties of states in their mutual relations.

Question 29

The UN Security Council is composed of twenty-five nations.

Question 30

In the 1990s, many states discovered the high costs of having a bad reputation due to violations of international law.

Question 31

In the mid-1990s, the border between North and South Korea:

A) still remained a trouble spot.
B) was of little concern to the U.S.
C) was eliminated by the reunification of Korea.
D) was demilitarized.

Question 32

The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan were much less expensive to conduct than originally predicted.

Question 33

The United Nations officially sanctioned war against Iraq.

Question 34

The most important organs of the United Nations are the Security Council, the General Assembly and the Secretariat.

Question 35

There is no international system of criminal law.

Question 36

Submission to an international court's justice is involuntary.

Question 37

Nation-states began to develop in the late Middle Ages.

Question 38

The UN charter does not list the use of armed forces as a coercive measure.

Question 39

Arafat's successor party was:

A) Zionist.
B) Al Qaeda.
C) Fatah.
D) the Israeli Defense League.

Question 40

Dante, King Henry IV of France and William Penn all proposed plans for peace.

Question 41

In 2003, the United States and other Western countries established a Roadmap to Peace, which required both Palestinians and Israelis to move simultaneously toward peace.

Question 42

The UN is a superstate with authority over sovereign states.

Question 43

In 2009, President Obama reached out to the Arab and Palestine communities and took a strong stand against the expansions of Israeli settlements.

Question 44

The absence of the Soviet delegate helped make the role of the UN-led military action possible in Korea from 1950 to 1953.

Question 45

As the Jewish population in the Middle East increased, the Zionist population decreased.

Question 46

What is the role of the United Nations in international relations? How is the UN organized? How successful has the UN been in keeping the peace? What are the limitations on the UN's ability to maintain peace?

Question 47

During the post-World War II period, many African countries remained tied to and dependent upon European colonial nations.

Question 48

China remains a communist state, but has become a market economy.

Question 49

The war on terrorism has more of a geographic component than did previous wars.

Question 50

Resolution 242, passed in 1974 by the UN General Assembly, called for the return of land and property taken by Israel during the wars.

Question 51

What is the outlook for peace in the future? How does the war on global terrorism affect international institutions? Is war really inevitable?

Question 52

Nigeria is ruled by Robert Mugabe.

Question 53

What are the major trouble spots of the world today? What threatens stability in these areas?

Question 54

What are the causes of war? How have people and nation-states attempted to maintain peace?

Question 55

What is international law? How effective is international law? What are the limitations of it?