Deck 35: Emergencies for Patients With Special Challenges

Question 1

A body mass index (BMI)above ________ is considered obese.

A) 25
B) 30
C) 35
D) 40

Answer 1

30

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a role of dialysis in a renal failure patient?

A) Remove fluid from the body
B) Filter and detoxify the blood
C) Remove waste from the body
D) Stimulate blood cell production

Answer 2

Stimulate blood cell production

Question 3

Which of the following BEST describes the origins of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

A) Acquired disease
B) Congenital disease
C) Either a congenital or acquired disease
D) Neither a congenital nor acquired disease

Answer 3

Acquired disease

Question 4

Which of the following is the easiest way for an EMT to communicate with a patient with drastic hearing loss?

A) Slow down your speech so that the patient can read your lips.
B) Write your questions using paper and pen.
C) Use a TDD/TYY telephone.
D) Speak loudly and directly into the patient's ear.

Question 5

Which of the following serious health problems is related to homelessness?

A) Liver disease
B) Heart disease
C) Tuberculosis
D) Hypertension

Question 6

Which of the following refers to a condition that interferes significantly with a person's ability to engage in activities of daily living?

A) Handicapped
B) Disabled
C) Terminal
D) Disability

Question 7

Which of the following BEST describes a disease such as deafness?

A) Acquired disease
B) Congenital disease
C) Either a congenital or acquired disease
D) Neither a congenital nor acquired disease

Question 8

When preparing to move a patient that is using a specialty medical device from his house to the ambulance,which of the following questions would be appropriate to ask the family?

A) What worked best for moving the patient the last time he was transported by ambulance?
B) How do you normally move the patient?
C) Can you carry the patient to the ambulance since you know the best way to move the patient?
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 9

Obesity increases the risk for which of the following health problems?

A) Liver disease
B) Type 2 diabetes
C) Respiratory problems
D) All of the above

Question 10

While on the scene of an emergency call involving a patient who is dependent upon a medical device for survival,the EMT can ask which of the following individuals about the specifics of the device?

A) Patient's family
B) Patient
C) Patient's home health aide or nurse
D) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following BEST describes when positive pressure is applied to the patient's airway using a CPAP machine?

A) Between inhalation and exhalation
B) During exhalation only
C) During both inhalation and exhalation
D) During inhalation only

Question 12

Bariatrics is defined as the branch of medicine that deals with the cause,prevention,and treatment of which of the following diseases?

A) Diabetes
B) Sleep apnea
C) Blindness
D) Obesity

Question 13

Which of the following is true in regards to touching a patient who is being shocked with an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD)?

A) The EMT will always feel the shock, and it is very dangerous to the EMT as well.
B) The EMT cannot feel the shock of an AICD when delivered to the patient.
C) The EMT will always feel the shock, but it is not very painful.
D) It depends on the AICD model as to whether or not the EMT can feel the shock.

Question 14

What is the purpose of a tracheostomy in an ill patient?

A) To assist the patient with sleeping
B) To assist the patient with waste removal
C) To assist the patient with breathing
D) To assist the patient with feedings

Question 15

Obesity is defined as a body mass index greater than:

A) 35.
B) 25.
C) 30.
D) 40.

Question 16

Jarl is a male who is 5 foot 7 inches tall and weighs 250 pounds.What is Jarl's body mass index (rounded to the nearest tenth)?

A) 35.2
B) 36.5
C) 38.4
D) 39.1

Question 17

When transporting a patient who is morbidly obese to the hospital,it is important to monitor which of the following vital signs?

A) Pulse rate
B) Oxygen saturation
C) Blood pressure
D) Blood glucose level

Question 18

At which of the following locations is an EMT likely to encounter a patient using an advanced medical device?

A) Nursing home
B) Specialty care center
C) Private residence
D) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following groups of people makes up the largest portion of the homeless population?

A) Females
B) Veterans
C) Children
D) Families

Question 20

You are on the scene of a pediatric patient who is on a specialized home monitoring system.This situation was not specifically addressed in your EMT class and your EMT partner has not encountered this situation,either.What is an advisable course of action?

A) Ask the parent or caregiver what has been done in the past to correct the situation.
B) Load the patient and rapidly transport the patient to the closest hospital for evaluation.
C) Contact medical control and ask to speak to a specialist for advice.
D) Request an advanced life support ambulance crew to respond for assistance.

Question 21

Where are automatic implanted cardiac defibrillators typically placed in patients who require one?

A) In the upper left chest
B) In the upper right chest
C) In the lower left chest
D) In the lower right chest

Question 22

Chloe was born with a cardiac problem that she will have to manage the rest of her life.This disease is considered to be:

A) acquired.
B) autoimmune.
C) congenital.
D) genetic.

Question 23

Assessing blood pressure on a patient with an AV shunt,fistula,or graft could lead to which of the following?

A) Inaccurate blood pressure readings
B) Uncontrollable hemorrhage in the extremity
C) Damage to the AV shunt, fistula, or graft, requiring surgery
D) Nothing, as there is no need to avoid assessing blood pressure in a patient's arm with an AV fistula, shunt, or graft.

Question 24

Which of the following is the correct position to use when transporting a patient who has a tracheostomy tube?

A) Shock position
B) Prone
C) Head slightly elevated
D) Supine

Question 25

A patient uses a home ventilator connected to his tracheostomy tube to breathe.Which of the following is the correct procedure to use when moving this patient to the ambulance?

A) Ventilate the patient's tracheostomy tube via a connected bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator.
B) Do nothing; there is no need to ventilate the patient between the house and the ambulance.
C) Ventilate the patient with mouth-to-mask ventilations at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator.
D) Ventilate the patient's nose and mouth with a bag-valve mask at a normal rate and volume while the patient is disconnected from the ventilator.

Question 26

While transporting a patient who has an indwelling Foley catheter,it is important to keep the collection bag:

A) higher than the level of the patient.
B) level with the patient.
C) lower than the level of the patient.
D) with the patient's caregiver.

Question 27

Which of the following is the main advantage of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis?

A) Peritoneal dialysis is much faster.
B) Peritoneal dialysis is more effective.
C) Peritoneal dialysis is likely to be done at the patient's home.
D) Peritoneal dialysis is less prone to infection.

Question 28

While ventilating a conscious patient's tracheostomy tube with a connected bag-valve mask,the EMT should verify the patient's comfort level for which of the following?

A) Ventilation volume
B) Ventilation pressure
C) Ventilation rate
D) All of the above

Question 29

During a power failure,how should the EMT verify adequate ventilations are being administered to an unresponsive patient with a tracheostomy tube using a bag-valve mask?

A) Observe for improving skin color.
B) Ensure a good connection between the bag-valve mask and the tracheostomy tube.
C) Observe for chest rise and fall.
D) All of the above

Question 30

Compare the pain a patient experiences when receiving a shock from a pacemaker against the pain felt when receiving a shock from an automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD).

A) Pacemakers are painless and AICDs are painful.
B) Both are painful.
C) Pacemakers are painful and AICDs are painless.
D) Both are painless.

Question 31

A condition that interferes significantly with a person's ability to engage in activities of daily living is referred to as a:

A) developmental disability.
B) physical handicap.
C) disability.
D) special need.

Question 32

You are transporting a resident of a nursing home to the hospital for a complaint of abdominal pain for 3 days.During your assessment,you note a tube protruding from the patient's nose,which is connected to a bag of milky-white fluid.This tube is known as a:

A) gastric tube.
B) nasogastric tube.
C) J-tube.
D) tracheal tube.

Question 33

Which of the following situations are frequently problematic for patients who have tracheostomy tubes?

A) Tracheal tears
B) Mucus buildup
C) Air embolism
D) Tube malplacement

Question 34

Which of the following is the BEST course of action for the EMT to take when caring for a patient with an AICD who goes into cardiac arrest?

A) The AED should be applied and used, but CPR should not be started while on-scene or transporting the patient.
B) No action beyond transport is required since the patient already has an implanted defibrillator.
C) CPR and an AED should be used as indicated while on-scene and transporting the patient.
D) CPR should be started, but the AED should not be used while on-scene or transporting the patient.

Question 35

Which of the following statements is true regarding child abuse injuries of special needs patients?

A) Splash burns indicate child abuse.
B) Rib fractures in young children suggest child abuse.
C) Shaken baby syndrome never causes death of the infant.
D) Head injuries are usually the first sign in child abuse.

Question 36

To determine the appropriate depth an EMT should insert a catheter tip into a tracheostomy tube in order to clear a blocked airway,the EMT should:

A) measure from the stoma to the carina.
B) measure against the length of the obturator.
C) insert the catheter until the tip is no longer visible.
D) multiply the internal diameter of the tracheal tube by 10.

Question 37

Which of the following is a characteristic of child abusers of special need patients?

A) They rarely feel guilt or remorse.
B) They usually identify with the child's pain and suffering.
C) Alcohol and drug abuse is uncommon.
D) They usually want the child's injuries treated.

Question 38

You are transporting a patient who is experiencing frequent discharges of her automatic implanted cardiac defibrillator (AICD).En route to the hospital you are caring for the patient in the back of the ambulance.To protect yourself from being shocked if the defibrillator discharges,you should:

A) wear protective gloves that cannot conduct electricity.
B) make sure you do not touch the patient directly.
C) limit direct contact with the patient.
D) not worry, since the defibrillator does not pose a danger to others.

Question 39

During transport,where should the catheter bag be after loading the patient and stretcher into the ambulance if the patient has an indwelling urinary catheter?

A) In the patient's lap, but not higher than his heart
B) On the ambulance floor
C) Hanging from the ceiling of the ambulance or IV pole higher than the patient
D) Lower than the patient, but not on the floor