Question 1

Which of the following is the primary neurotransmitter involved in drug abuse?&#10;A) endorphin&#10;B) dopamine&#10;C) norepinephrine&#10;D) acetylcholine

Accepted Answer

Dopamine is the primary neurotrAnswermitter involved in drug abuse and addiction.There are many other neurotrAnswermitters involved,depending on the drug of abuse.

Question 2

Why is disulfiram used for some patients during alcohol rehabilitation?&#10;A) It reduces delirium tremens (&#34;DTs&#34;) due to abrupt withdrawal of alcohol.&#10;B) It causes nausea and vomiting when taken with alcohol.&#10;C) It induces restful sleep patterns during withdrawal from alcohol.&#10;D) It reduces elevated blood pressure and tachycardia.

Accepted Answer

Disulfiram inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase,causing accumulation of acetaldehyde blood levels and thus sweating,nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea when taken with ethanol.

Question 3

According to the 2009 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH),what percentage of Americans 12 years of age and older were current illicit drug users?&#10;A) 2.7%&#10;B) 4.7%&#10;C) 6.7%&#10;D) 8.7%

Accepted Answer

According to the 2009 NSDUH,an estimated 21.8 million AmericAnswer 12 years of age and older were current illicit drug users,which is higher than in 2008.This number represents approximately 8.7% of the population.Illicit drug use is highest among young persons 18 to 25 years of age.

Question 4

Which of the following is the most commonly used illicit drug?&#10;A) alcohol&#10;B) marijuana&#10;C) heroin&#10;D) methamphetamine

Accepted Answer

Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug.In 2009,there were 16.7 million past-month users.Among persons aged 12 or older,the rate of past-month marijuana use and the number of users in 2009 were higher than in 2008 and in 2007.Alcohol is not an illicit drug.An estimated 3.7 million people have reported previous use of heroin,with an estimated 150,000 persons becoming new users every year.Methamphetamine is a synthetic drug that is easily manufactured,and its use is spreading across the United States at alarming rates.

Question 5

Naloxone is used for emergency treatment of an overdose of _________.&#10;A) amphetamine&#10;B) cocaine&#10;C) opioids&#10;D) sedative-hypnotics

Accepted Answer

Emergency treatment for an opioid overdose includes support of vital signs with the use of a respirator and the administration of a reversal agent,such as naloxone,by intramuscular or intravenous injection.

Question 6

Which of the following is the leading drug of abuse in terms of frequency of emergency department (ED)visits,general hospital admission,family violence,and other social problems?&#10;A) heroin&#10;B) methamphetamine&#10;C) marijuana&#10;D) alcohol

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is the leading drug of abuse.Treatment for alcohol dependence consists of three basic steps.The first is identification and intervention.The second is withdrawal from alcohol,or in cases of severe dependence,reduction of alcohol consumption.The third is management of CNS depression resulting from the rapid removal of ethanol.

Question 7

Gingival recession and erosion of the facial aspects of the maxillary teeth can occur with intraoral use of _________ due to persistent rubbing of the powder over these surfaces.&#10;A) pseudoephedrine&#10;B) benzodiazepine&#10;C) cocaine&#10;D) ecstasy

Accepted Answer

With intraoral use of cocaine,gingival recession and erosion of the facial aspects of the maxillary teeth may result from persistent rubbing of the powder over these surfaces.

Question 8

How long should a dentist wait before administering dental local anesthetic containing epinephrine to a patient who is &#34;high&#34; on cocaine?&#10;A) 3 hours&#10;B) 6 hours&#10;C) 12 hours&#10;D) 24 hours

Accepted Answer

Patients who are "high" on cocaine should not receive any local anesthetic containing epinephrine for at least 6 hours after the last administration of cocaine because cocaine potentiates the response of sympathomimetic amines.

Deck 30: Drug and Alcohol Abuse