Deck 13: Cancer in Children

Question 1

Mutations of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes have been identified with pediatric lymphoma and leukemia.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

When are childhood cancers most often diagnosed?

A)During infancy
B)At peak times of physical growth
C)After diagnosis of chronic illness
D)After an acute illness

Answer 2

At peak times of physical growth

Question 3

Cancers in children are slow growing and usually have not metastasized at time of diagnosis.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

What percentage of children with cancer can be cured?

A)40%
B)50%
C)60%
D)70%

Question 5

Mutation of proto-oncogenes into oncogenes stimulates uncontrolled cell growth.

Question 6

Secondary cancers are a late effect faced by children cured of cancer.

Question 7

Children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have an increased risk of developing certain cancers such as Kaposi sarcoma.

Question 8

Embryonic tumors are usually diagnosed after 5 years of age.

Question 9

Most childhood cancers arise from the:

A)epithelium.
B)mesodermal germ layer.
C)embryologic ectodermal layer.
D)viscera.

Question 10

What congenital malformation is commonly linked to acute leukemia in children?

A)Down syndrome
B)Wilms tumor
C)Retinoblastoma
D)Neuroblastoma

Question 11

Cancer is the leading cause of death in children.

Question 12

Most childhood cancers originate from the mesodermal germ layer that gives rise to connective tissue, bone, blood, blood vessels, kidney, and lymph.

Question 13

Leukemia is the most common malignancy in children.

Question 14

There are research data to support a carcinogenic relationship in children resulting from exposure to the _____ virus.

A)herpes simplex
B)influenza
C)varicella
D)Epstein-Barr

Question 15

Childhood exposure to all of the following risk factors increases susceptibility to cancer except:

A)drugs.
B)ionizing radiation.
C)cigarette smoke.
D)viruses.

Question 16

Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can result in:

A)breast cancer.
B)leukemia.
C)vaginal cancer.
D)lymphoma.

Question 17

Chronic myelogenous leukemia, retinoblastoma, and osteosarcoma are associated with which genetic factors in childhood cancers?

A)Chromosome aberrations or single gene defects
B)Mutation of proto-oncogenes to oncogenes
C)Tumor-suppressor genes that have lost their suppressor function
D)Congenital malformations